C11.1 Organic Chemistry Quiz Questions & Answers Parts 1 & 2; all sets Parts 3 & 4; Sets 1 & 2 only
C11.1 Organic Chemistry Part 1 1. Define a mixture. 2. Define crude oil. 3. Define a hydrocarbon. 4. What is the general formula of an alkane? 5. Name the first 4 alkanes. 6. Draw the structural formulae of the first 4 alkanes. 7. Describe the process of separating crude oil using fractional distillation. 8. Name the fractions of crude oil in order of boiling point and a use of each fraction. 9. How does the length of the hydrocarbon chain affect boiling point, viscosity and flammability? 10. Write word and symbol equations for the complete combustion of methane.
C11.1 Organic Chemistry Part 1 Answers 1. A substance made from two or more elements or compounds that aren t chemically bonded to each other. 2. The remains of an ancient biomass consisting mainly of plankton that was buried in mud. Crude oil is a mixture of a very large number of compounds. Most of the compounds in crude oil are hydrocarbons. 3. Any molecule that is formed from carbon and hydrogen atoms only. 4. C n H 2n+2 5. Methane, ethane, propane, butane. 6.. 7. Crude oil heated & evaporated, piped into bottom of column, column has a temperature gradient- hottest at bottom, coldest at top. Gas rises up column and gradually cools. Different compounds have different boiling points, so condense at different temperatures and levels in the column. 8. LPG- gas. Petrol- cars. Naptha- chemicals. Kerosene- jet fuel. Diesel- lorries. Heavy fuel oiltankers. Bitumen- roads. 9. Longer chain = higher boiling point, more viscous, less flammable. 10. Methane + oxygen carbon dioxide + water. CH 4 + 2O 2 CO 2 + 2H 2 O
C11.1 Organic Chemistry Part 2 1. What is the general formula of an alkene? 2. Are alkenes saturated or unsaturated? 3. Describe the test for an alkene and the positive result. 4. Name the first 4 alkenes. 5. Draw the structural formulae of the first 4 alkenes. 6. Which fraction of crude oil is in the highest demand? Which fraction of crude oil is the most abundant? 7. Describe 2 methods of cracking a long chain hydrocarbon. (2 marks) 8. What type of reaction is cracking? 9. Write word and symbol equations for the incomplete combustion of ethene.
C11.1 Organic Chemistry Part 2 Answers 1. C n H 2n 2. Unsaturated 3. Bromine water turns form orange to colourless 4. Ethene, propene, butane, pentene 5.. 6. Petrol, bitumen. 7. 2 marks: Catalytic cracking; heat long chain alkane with aluminium oxide catalyst. Steam cracking; heat long chain alkane with steam. 8. Thermal decomposition 9. Ethene + oxygen carbon monoxide + water. C 2 H 4 + 2O 2 2CO + 2H 2 O
C11.1 Organic Chemistry Part 3- Chemistry (Separate Sciences) only 1. Draw the structural formulae of the molecules produced when; a. Propene is halogenated with bromine (Br 2 ) b. Butene is hydrogenated with hydrogen (H 2 ) c. Pentene is hydrated with water (H 2 O) 2. What is addition polymerisation? 3. Name the polymer formed from ethene monomers. 4. Name the first 4 alcohols. 5. Draw the structural formulae of the first 4 alcohols. 6. What is the ph of an alcohol? 7. Write word and symbol equations for the complete combustion of methanol. 8. Write word equation for the oxidation of ethanol. 9. State 3 uses of alcohols 10. Describe 2 methods of producing alcohols.
C11.1 Organic Chemistry Part 3- Chemistry (Separate Sciences) only Answers 1. Draw the structural formulae of the molecules produced when; a. Propene is halogenated with bromine (Br 2 ) b. Butene is hydrogenated with hydrogen (H 2 ) c. Pentene is hydrated with water (H 2 O) 2. The process if a long molecule being made by alkene monomers bonding together by opening their double bonds. 3. Poly(ethene) 4. Methanol, Ethanol, Propanol, Butanol 5.. 6. ph7 7. Methanol + oxygen carbon dioxide + water. 2CH 3 OH + 3O 2 2CO 2 + 4H 2 O 8. Ethanol + oxygen ethanoic acid. 9. Alcoholic drinks, solvents, fuels 10. Fermentation; sugar (+ yeast) ethanol + carbon dioxide. Hydration of ethene; ethene +
C11.1 Organic Chemistry Part 4- Chemistry (Separate Sciences) only 1. Name the first 4 carboxylic acids. 2. Draw the structural formulae of the first 4 carboxylic acids. 3. What is the ph of a carboxylic acid? 4. Complete this word equation; carboxylic acid + metal carbonate? +? +? 5. Which type of functional group is formed when an alcohol and a carboxylic acid react in the presence of an acid catalyst? 6. Draw the molecule formed when ethanol reacts with ethanoic acid. 7. What is condensation polymerisation? 8. How many different functional groups does an amino acid have? 9. Describe the structure of DNA 10. State two other naturally occurring polymers
C11.1 Organic Chemistry Part 4- Chemistry (Separate Sciences) only Answers 1. Methanoic acid, ethanoic acid, propanoic acid, butanoic acid. 2.. 3. ph 5-6 4. carboxylic acid + metal carbonate Salt + water + carbon dioxide 5. ester 6.. 7. Monomers with two functional groups react & join, releasing small molecule e.g. water 8. 2 9. (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a large molecule essential for life. Most DNA chains are two polymer chains made from four different nucleotides (double helix). 10. Cellulose, strach