Ouline Pr II. Srucure Formion: Dr Mer 5. Liner growh of flucuions by grviionl Insbiliy 6. Sisics of flucuions: iniil flucuions nd he cold-dr-mer scenrio 7. Nonliner growh of srucure: sphericl collpse, viril equilibrium, Zeldovich pproximion nd he cosmic web, N-body simulions 8. Hierrchicl clusering: Press-Schecher hlo disribuion, EPS merger rees, glxy/hlo bising, HOD nd correlion funcion 9. Dr-mer hlos: universl profile, he cusp/core problem, dynmicl fricion, idl effecs, hlo shpe 10. Subsrucure of dr-mer hlos, phse-spce densiy
Ouline con. Pr III. Glxy Formion: Including gs nd Srs 11. Angulr momenum: idl-orque heory, hlo spin, dis formion, he AM problem 1. Glxy bimodliy: observions, viril shoc heing, sr formion nd quenching mechnisms, downsizing 13. Dwrf glxies nd supernov feedbc 14. Formion of ellipicl glxies by mergers: missing dr mer? origin of scling relions, origin of red sequence nd downsizing 15. Glxy formion high redshif: cold srems, clumpy diss nd compc spheroids 16. Mssive blc holes in glxies: AGN feedbc 17. Semi-nlyic modeling of glxy formion
Ouline con. 5. Hisory of dr mer 6. Summry of glxy properies 7. Numericl simulions 8. Semi-nlyic modeling of glxy formion
Liner Growh of Flucuions by Grviionl Insviliy WMAP df
df Glxy Redshif Survey ¼ M glxies 003 CFA Survey 1980
Hisory Erly Universe Cosmic Microwve Bcground Tody ime
Le Cosmologicl Epochs 380 yr z~1000 recombinion ls scering dr ges 180 Myr z~0 firs srs reionizion glxy formion 13.7 Gyr z0 ody
Grviionl insbiliy smll-mpliude flucuions: grviinl insbiliy: 0 glxy void cluser
גידול הפלקטואציות - המארג הקוסמי
Grviionl Insbiliy: liner, mer-er π G P/ Φ V V V V 4 3 0 1 Fluid equions : Φ " " H H G G r v x r cons r π π 3 / 3 4 3 8. Uniform bcground : 1 3 0 1 " " " " " p P v r H V r r u u Φ Φ ϕ ], [1, Perurbions : π ϕ ϕ u s s G c v v Hv v r H v v v Hr 4 3 0 1 ec. 1 : order 1 << " " p s m T P P c P P gs idel Coninuiy Euler Poisson
v w r r x r x r r x / / Comoving coordines : ψ ϕ " ] 3/ [ 4 3 0 1 1 π ψ ψ Ω H G c w w Hw w w w u s " " eq.1 / eq. 1 π 4 u c s G H 3, H x u " grviy pressure
1 /3 B A freezou cons.. 1. 0 bcground : Sic cons cons u 1/ 3/ 3/ 1/ 3 4 4 Jens scle : π π π λ π T G c M c G s m J J J s u J sble oscilions 0 << >> J J Be Ae p λ λ λ λ ω ω λ λ /3 3 3 4 0 : bcground, Expnding J >> 3 0 0 3 1 Ω pressure grviy π 4 u c s G H 3 H u u c s G x i π ω ω 4 ] exp[
Properies of he liner growing mode: liner "" H " 3/ H Ω H Ω growing mode: D D" D"" 0.6 f Ω Ω H f HD D 1 coninuiy v Hf Poisson v ϕ irroionl v 3 Ω ϕ 3HΩ ϕv f The Jens scle in n expnding universe: i x In spce : " e r x " " for ech : H 4π G c " " s sme Jens scle
Lecure Sisics of Flucuions: The Cold Dr Mer Scenrio
flucuion field Fourier The Iniil Flucuions x e i x A Inflion: Gussin, dibic x < > x < > relizion of n ensemble ensembe verge ~ volume verge Power Specrum ~ P < K K ~π / λ K < λ ' 0 ' 0 0 3 3 3 rms > ~ < exp[ i ' x] d ' d > ~ d < > Dirc ' > n < >< > π / λ 3 n 3/3 > λ P d M 0 < n 1 M /3 P n n 0 3 M 1/ cons. M
Scle-Invrin Specrum Hrrison-Zel dovich mss M H M H R Horizon m 3 ime / 3 / 3 M, H M H M H cons. / 3 d / 3 M n 1 P M
Cosmologicl Scles mss M H R Horizon m ~ c 3 mer 3 rd 4 eq 0 ime z eq ~10 4
CDM Power Specrum mss H M H H H dgrowh when mer is self-grviing rd mss eq ime d CDM HDM free sreeming / 3 M P 1 HDM 3 CDM M eq mss pe µw m h
Formion of Lrge-Scle Srucure Flucuion growh in he liner regime: rms flucuion mss scle M: Typicl objecs forming : 1 ~ M α << 1 α M < α 3 / /3 0 n 6 / 3 exmple 1/α M* n M * 6 1/ 1 CDM: boom-up 1/ 1 HDM: op-down free sreming 0 M 0 M
Micro-Mcro Connecion Cold Dr Mer Ho Dr Mer n
df redshif survey
df nd Mocs
Power Specrum
Success of he LCDM Power Specum