FEATURES AND BENEFITS AEC-Q qualified Differential Hall sensing rejects common-mode fields. mω primary conductor resistance for low power loss and high inrush current withstand capability Integrated shield virtually eliminates capacitive coupling from current conductor to die, greatly suppressing output noise due to high dv/dt transients Industry-leading noise performance with greatly improved bandwidth through proprietary amplifier and filter design techniques High-bandwidth khz analog output for faster response times in control applications Filter pin allows user to filter the output for improved resolution at lower bandwidth Patented integrated digital temperature compensation circuitry allows for near closed loop accuracy over temperature in an open-loop sensor Small footprint, low-profile SOIC8 package suitable for space-constrained applications Filter pin simplifies bandwidth limiting for better resolution at lower frequencies Continued on the next page Type tested TÜV America Certificate Number: U8V 8 544 4 CB 4 544 3 PACKAGE: 8-Pin SOIC (suffix LC) Not to scale CB Certificate Number: US848-UL DESCRIPTION The Allegro ACS75 current sensor IC is an economical and precise solution for AC or DC current sensing in industrial, automotive, commercial, and communications systems. The small package is ideal for space-constrained applications while also saving costs due to reduced board area. Typical applications include motor control, load detection and management, switched-mode power supplies, and overcurrent fault protection. The device consists of a precise, low-offset, linear Hall sensor circuit with a copper conduction path located near the surface of the die. Applied current flowing through this copper conduction path generates a magnetic field which is sensed by the integrated Hall IC and converted into a proportional voltage. The current is sensed differentially in order to reject common-mode fields, improving accuracy in magnetically noisy environments. The inherent device accuracy is optimized through the close proximity of the magnetic field to the Hall transducer. A precise, proportional voltage is provided by the low-offset, chopper-stabilized BiCMOS Hall IC, which is programmed for accuracy after packaging. The output of the device has a positive slope when an increasing current flows through the primary copper conduction path (from pins and, to pins 3 and 4), which is the path used for current sensing. The internal resistance of this conductive path is. mω typical, providing low power loss. The terminals of the conductive path are electrically isolated from the sensor leads (pins 5 through 8). This allows the ACS75 current sensor IC to be used in high-side current sense applications without the use of high-side differential amplifiers or other costly isolation techniques. Continued on the next page +IP I P IP 3 4 IP+ IP+ IP IP ACS75 VCC VIOUT FILTER GND 8 7 6 5 C F nf CLOAD C BYPASS. µf The ACS75 outputs an analog signal, V IOUT, that changes, proportionally, with the bidirectional AC or DC primary sensed current, I P, within the specified measurement range. The FILTER pin can be used to decrease the bandwidth in order to optimize the noise performance. Typical Application ACS75-DS, Rev. MCO-6 December 3, 8
FEATURES AND BENEFITS (continued) 3.3 V, single supply operation Output voltage proportional to AC or DC current Factory-trimmed sensitivity and quiescent output voltage for improved accuracy Chopper stabilization results in extremely stable quiescent output voltage Nearly zero magnetic hysteresis Ratiometric output from supply voltage DESCRIPTION (continued) The ACS75 is provided in a small, low-profile surface-mount SOIC8 package. The leadframe is plated with % matte tin, which is compatible with standard lead (Pb) free printed circuit board assembly processes. Internally, the device is Pb-free, except for flip-chip high-temperature Pb-based solder balls, currently exempt from RoHS. The device is fully calibrated prior to shipment from the factory. SELECTION GUIDE Part Number I PR (A) Sens(Typ) at V CC = 3.3 V (mv/a) T A ( C) Packing [] ACS75LLCTR-5AB-T ±5 64 ACS75LLCTR-AB-T ± 3 ACS75LLCTR-AU-T 64 ACS75LLCTRAB-T ± 66 ACS75LLCTRAU-T 3 ACS75LLCTRAB-T ±3 44 4 to 5 Tape and Reel, 3 pieces per reel ACS75LLCTRAB-T-H [] ±3 44 ACS75LLCTRAU-T 3 88 ACS75LLCTRAB-T ±4 33 ACS75LLCTR-5AB-T ±5 6.4 [] Contact Allegro for additional packing options. [] -H denotes % cold calibration at the Allegro factory for improved accuracy. Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A.
SPECIFICATIONS ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Characteristic Symbol Notes Rating Units Supply Voltage V CC 6 V Reverse Supply Voltage V RCC. V Output Voltage V IOUT V CC +.5 V Reverse Output Voltage V RIOUT. V Operating Ambient Temperature T A Range L 4 to 5 C Junction Temperature T J (max) 65 C Storage Temperature T stg 65 to 65 C ISOLATION CHARACTERISTICS Characteristic Symbol Notes Rating Unit Tested ±5 pulses at /minute in compliance to IEC 6-5 Dielectric Surge Strength Test Voltage V SURGE. µs (rise) / 5 µs (width). 6 V Dielectric Strength Test Voltage V ISO (edition ). Production tested at V ISO for second, in 4 V RMS Agency type-tested for 6 seconds per UL standard 695- accordance with UL 695- (edition ). Maximum approved working voltage for basic (single) 4 V pk or VDC Working Voltage for Basic Isolation V WVBI isolation according UL 695- (edition ) 97 V rms Clearance D cl Minimum distance through air from IP leads to signal leads 4. mm Minimum distance along package body from IP leadds to Creepage D cr signal leads 4. mm THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions* Value Units Package Thermal Resistance (Junction to Ambient) Package Thermal Resistance (Junction to Lead) R θja Mounted on the Allegro 85 evaluation board with 8 mm of 4 oz. copper on each side, connected to pins and, and to pins 3 and 4, with thermal vias connecting the layers. Performance values include the power consumed by the PCB. 3 C/W R θjl Mounted on the Allegro ASEK75 evaluation board. 5 C/W *Additional thermal information available on the Allegro website. Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 3
V CC VCC Master Current Supply To All Subcircuits POR Programming Control IP+ IP+ Hall Current Drive Temperature Sensor Sensitivity Control EEPROM and Control Logic Offset Control C BYPASS. µf IP Dynamic Offset Cancellation + R F(int) + VIOUT IP GND C F FILTER Functional Block Diagram Pinout Diagram and Terminal List Table IP+ IP+ IP 3 IP 4 8 VCC 7 VIOUT 6 FILTER 5 GND Package LC, 8-Pin SOICN Pinout Diagram Terminal List Table Number Name Description, IP+ Terminals for current being sensed; fused internally 3, 4 IP Terminals for current being sensed; fused internally 5 GND Signal ground terminal 6 FILTER Terminal for external capacitor that sets bandwidth 7 VIOUT Analog output signal 8 VCC Device power supply terminal Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 4
COMMON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS [] : Valid through the full range of T A, V CC = 3.3 V, C F =, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Supply Voltage V CC 3 3.3 3.6 V Supply Current I CC V CC = 3.3 V, output open 4 ma Output Capacitance Load C L VIOUT to GND nf Output Resistive Load R L VIOUT to GND 4.7 kω Primary Conductor Resistance R IP T A = 5 C. mω Internal Filter Resistance [] R F(int).8 kω Common Mode Field Rejection Ratio CMFRR Uniform external magnetic field 4 db Primary Hall Coupling Factor G T A = 5 C G/A Secondary Hall Coupling Factor G T A = 5 C.8 G/A Hall plate Sensitivity Matching Sens match T A = 5 C ± % Rise Time t r I P = I P (max), T A = 5 C, C L = nf 3 μs Propagation Delay t pd I P = I P (max), T A = 5 C, C L = nf μs Response Time t RESPONSE I P = I P (max), T A = 5 C, C L = nf 4 μs Bandwidth BW Small signal 3 db; C L = nf khz Noise Density I ND Input referenced noise density; T A = 5 C, C L = nf Noise I N Input referenced noise: C F = 4.7 nf, C L = nf, BW = 8 khz, T A = 5 C µa (rms) / Hz 7 ma (rms) Nonlinearity E LIN Through full range of I P.5 +.5 % Sensitivity Ratiometry Coefficient Zero Current Output Ratiometry Coefficient SENS_RAT_ COEF QVO_RAT_ COEF V CC = 3. to 3.6 V, T A = 5 C.3 V CC = 3. to 3.6 V, T A = 5 C Saturation Voltage [3] V OH R L = 4.7 kω V CC.3 V V OL R L = 4.7 kω.3 V Output reaches 9% of steady-state Power-On Time t PO level, T A = 5 C, I P = I PR (max) applied 8 μs Shorted Output to Ground Current I sc(gnd) T A = 5 C 3.3 ma Shorted Output to V CC Current I sc(vcc) T A = 5 C 45 ma [] Device may be operated at higher primary current levels, I P, ambient temperatures, T A, and internal leadframe temperatures, provided the Maximum Junction Temperature, T J (max), is not exceeded. [] R F(int) forms an RC circuit via the FILTER pin. [3] The sensor IC will continue to respond to current beyond the range of I P until the high or low saturation voltage; however, the nonlinearity in this region will be worse than through the rest of the measurement range. Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 5
xllctr-5ab PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS: T A Range L, valid at T A = 4 C to 5 C, V CC = 3.3 V, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. [] Max. Unit NOMINAL PERFORMANCE Current Sensing Range I PR 5 5 A Sensitivity Sens I PR(min) < I P < I PR(max) 64 mv/a Zero Current Output Voltage V IOUT(Q) Unidirectional; I P = A ACCURACY PERFORMANCE V CC.5 V Total Output Error [] E TOT I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C.5 ±.9.5 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 6 ±4 6 % TOTAL OUTPUT ERROR COMPONENTS [3] E TOT = E SENS + x V OE /(Sens x I P ) Sensitivity Error E sens I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C.5 ±.9.5 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 5.5 ±4 5.5 % Offset Voltage V OE I P = A; T A = 5 C to 5 C 5 ±5 5 mv I P = A; T A = 4 C to 5 C 3 ±5 3 mv LIFETIME DRIFT CHARACTERISTICS Sensitivity Error Lifetime Drift E sens_drift 3 ± 3 % Total Output Error Lifetime Drift E tot_drift 3 ± 3 % [] Typical values with ± are 3 sigma values [] Percentage of I P, with I P = I PR(max). [3] A single part will not have both the maximum/minimum sensitivity error and maximum/minimum offset voltage, as that would violate the maximum/minimum total output error specification. Also, 3 sigma distribution values are combined by taking the square root of the sum of the squares. See Application Information section. xllctr-ab PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS: T A Range L, valid at T A = 4 C to 5 C, V CC = 3.3 V, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. [] Max. Unit NOMINAL PERFORMANCE Current Sensing Range I PR A Sensitivity Sens I PR(min) < I P < I PR(max) 3 mv/a Zero Current Output Voltage V IOUT(Q) Unidirectional; I P = A ACCURACY PERFORMANCE V CC.5 V Total Output Error [] E TOT I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C ±.8 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 6 ±4 6 % TOTAL OUTPUT ERROR COMPONENTS [3] E TOT = E SENS + x V OE /(Sens x I P ) Sensitivity Error E sens I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C.5 ±.8.5 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 5.5 ±4 5.5 % Offset Voltage V OE I P = A; T A = 5 C to 5 C ±4 mv I P = A; T A = 4 C to 5 C 3 ±5 3 mv LIFETIME DRIFT CHARACTERISTICS Sensitivity Error Lifetime Drift E sens_drift 3 ± 3 % Total Output Error Lifetime Drift E tot_drift 3 ± 3 % [] Typical values with ± are 3 sigma values [] Percentage of I P, with I P = I PR(max). [3] A single part will not have both the maximum/minimum sensitivity error and maximum/minimum offset voltage, as that would violate the maximum/minimum total output error specification. Also, 3 sigma distribution values are combined by taking the square root of the sum of the squares. See Application Information section. Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 6
xllctr-au PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS: T A Range L, valid at T A = 4 C to 5 C, V CC = 3.3 V, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. [] Max. Unit NOMINAL PERFORMANCE Current Sensing Range I PR A Sensitivity Sens I PR(min) < I P < I PR(max) 64 mv/a Zero Current Output Voltage V IOUT(Q) Unidirectional; I P = A ACCURACY PERFORMANCE V CC. V Total Output Error [] E TOT I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C.5 ±.9.5 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 6 ±4 6 % TOTAL OUTPUT ERROR COMPONENTS [3] E TOT = E SENS + x V OE /(Sens x I P ) Sensitivity Error E sens I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C ±.9 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 5.5 ±4 5.5 % Offset Voltage V OE I P = A; T A = 5 C to 5 C 5 ±5 5 mv I P = A; T A = 4 C to 5 C 3 ±5 3 mv LIFETIME DRIFT CHARACTERISTICS Sensitivity Error Lifetime Drift E sens_drift 3 ± 3 % Total Output Error Lifetime Drift E tot_drift 3 ± 3 % [] Typical values with ± are 3 sigma values [] Percentage of I P, with I P = I PR(max). [3] A single part will not have both the maximum/minimum sensitivity error and maximum/minimum offset voltage, as that would violate the maximum/minimum total output error specification. Also, 3 sigma distribution values are combined by taking the square root of the sum of the squares. See Application Information section. xllctrau PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS: T A Range L, valid at T A = 4 C to 5 C, V CC = 3.3 V, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. [] Max. Unit NOMINAL PERFORMANCE Current Sensing Range I PR A Sensitivity Sens I PR(min) < I P < I PR(max) 3 mv/a Zero Current Output Voltage V IOUT(Q) Unidirectional; I P = A ACCURACY PERFORMANCE V CC. V Total Output Error [] E TOT I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C ±.8 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 6 ±4 6 % TOTAL OUTPUT ERROR COMPONENTS [3] E TOT = E SENS + x V OE /(Sens x I P ) Sensitivity Error E sens I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C.5 ±.8.5 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 5.5 ±4 5.5 % Offset Voltage V OE I P = A; T A = 5 C to 5 C ±4 mv I P = A; T A = 4 C to 5 C 3 ±5 3 mv LIFETIME DRIFT CHARACTERISTICS Sensitivity Error Lifetime Drift E sens_drift 3 ± 3 % Total Output Error Lifetime Drift E tot_drift 3 ± 3 % [] Typical values with ± are 3 sigma values [] Percentage of I P, with I P = I PR(max). [3] A single part will not have both the maximum/minimum sensitivity error and maximum/minimum offset voltage, as that would violate the maximum/minimum total output error specification. Also, 3 sigma distribution values are combined by taking the square root of the sum of the squares. See Application Information section. Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 7
xllctrab PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS: T A Range L, valid at T A = 4 C to 5 C, V CC = 3.3 V, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. [] Max. Unit NOMINAL PERFORMANCE Current Sensing Range I PR A Sensitivity Sens I PR(min) < I P < I PR(max) 66 mv/a Zero Current Output Voltage V IOUT(Q) Bidirectional; I P = A ACCURACY PERFORMANCE V CC.5 V Total Output Error [] E TOT I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C ±.8 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 6 ±4 6 % TOTAL OUTPUT ERROR COMPONENTS [3] E TOT = E SENS + x V OE /(Sens x I P ) Sensitivity Error E sens I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C.5 ±.8.5 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 5.5 ±4 5.5 % Offset Voltage V OE I P = A; T A = 5 C to 5 C ±4 mv I P = A; T A = 4 C to 5 C 3 ±5 3 mv LIFETIME DRIFT CHARACTERISTICS Sensitivity Error Lifetime Drift E sens_drift 3 ± 3 % Total Output Error Lifetime Drift E tot_drift 3 ± 3 % [] Typical values with ± are 3 sigma values [] Percentage of I P, with I P = I PR(max). [3] A single part will not have both the maximum/minimum sensitivity error and maximum/minimum offset voltage, as that would violate the maximum/minimum total output error specification. Also, 3 sigma distribution values are combined by taking the square root of the sum of the squares. See Application Information section. xllctrab PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS: T A Range L, valid at T A = 4 C to 5 C, V CC = 3.3 V, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. [] Max. Unit NOMINAL PERFORMANCE Current Sensing Range I PR 3 3 A Sensitivity Sens I PR(min) < I P < I PR(max) 44 mv/a Zero Current Output Voltage V IOUT(Q) Bidirectional; I P = A ACCURACY PERFORMANCE V CC.5 V Total Output Error [] E TOT I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C ±.7 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 6 ±4 6 % TOTAL OUTPUT ERROR COMPONENTS [3] E TOT = E SENS + x V OE /(Sens x I P ) Sensitivity Error E sens I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C.5 ±.7.5 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 5.5 ±4 5.5 % Offset Voltage V OE I P = A; T A = 5 C to 5 C ±3 mv I P = A; T A = 4 C to 5 C 3 ±5 3 mv LIFETIME DRIFT CHARACTERISTICS Sensitivity Error Lifetime Drift E sens_drift 3 ± 3 % Total Output Error Lifetime Drift E tot_drift 3 ± 3 % [] Typical values with ± are 3 sigma values [] Percentage of I P, with I P = I PR(max). [3] A single part will not have both the maximum/minimum sensitivity error and maximum/minimum offset voltage, as that would violate the maximum/minimum total output error specification. Also, 3 sigma distribution values are combined by taking the square root of the sum of the squares. See Application Information section. Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 8
xllctrab-h PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS: T A Range L, valid at T A = 4 C to 5 C, V CC = 3.3 V, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. [] Max. Unit NOMINAL PERFORMANCE Current Sensing Range I PR 3 3 A Sensitivity Sens I PR(min) < I P < I PR(max) 44 mv/a Zero Current Output Voltage V IOUT(Q) Bidirectional; I P = A ACCURACY PERFORMANCE V CC.5 V Total Output Error [] E TOT I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C ±.7 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C ±.5 % TOTAL OUTPUT ERROR COMPONENTS [3] E TOT = E SENS + x V OE /(Sens x I P ) Sensitivity Error E sens I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C.5 ±.7.5 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C.5 ±.5 % Offset Voltage V OE I P = A; T A = 5 C to 5 C ±3 mv I P = A; T A = 4 C to 5 C ±6 mv LIFETIME DRIFT CHARACTERISTICS Sensitivity Error Lifetime Drift E sens_drift 3 ± 3 % Total Output Error Lifetime Drift E tot_drift 3 ± 3 % [] Typical values with ± are 3 sigma values [] Percentage of I P, with I P = I PR(max). [3] A single part will not have both the maximum/minimum sensitivity error and maximum/minimum offset voltage, as that would violate the maximum/minimum total output error specification. Also, 3 sigma distribution values are combined by taking the square root of the sum of the squares. See Application Information section. xllctrau PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS: T A Range L, valid at T A = 4 C to 5 C, V CC = 3.3 V, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. [] Max. Unit NOMINAL PERFORMANCE Current Sensing Range I PR 3 A Sensitivity Sens I PR(min) < I P < I PR(max) 88 mv/a Zero Current Output Voltage V IOUT(Q) Unidirectional; I P = A ACCURACY PERFORMANCE V CC. V Total Output Error [] E TOT I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C ±.8 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 6 ±4 6 % TOTAL OUTPUT ERROR COMPONENTS [3] E TOT = E SENS + x V OE /(Sens x I P ) Sensitivity Error E sens I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C.5 ±.8.5 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 5.5 ±4 5.5 % Offset Voltage V OE I P = A; T A = 5 C to 5 C ±4 mv I P = A; T A = 4 C to 5 C 3 ±5 3 mv LIFETIME DRIFT CHARACTERISTICS Sensitivity Error Lifetime Drift E sens_drift 3 ± 3 % Total Output Error Lifetime Drift E tot_drift 3 ± 3 % [] Typical values with ± are 3 sigma values [] Percentage of I P, with I P = I PR(max). [3] A single part will not have both the maximum/minimum sensitivity error and maximum/minimum offset voltage, as that would violate the maximum/minimum total output error specification. Also, 3 sigma distribution values are combined by taking the square root of the sum of the squares. See Application Information section. Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 9
xllctrab PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS: T A Range L, valid at T A = 4 C to 5 C, V CC = 3.3 V, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. [] Max. Unit NOMINAL PERFORMANCE Current Sensing Range I PR 4 4 A Sensitivity Sens I PR(min) < I P < I PR(max) 33 mv/a Zero Current Output Voltage V IOUT(Q) Bidirectional; I P = A ACCURACY PERFORMANCE V CC.5 V Total Output Error [] E TOT I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C ± % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 6 ±4 6 % TOTAL OUTPUT ERROR COMPONENTS [3] E TOT = E SENS + x V OE /(Sens x I P ) Sensitivity Error E sens I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C.5 ±.5 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 5.5 ±4 5.5 % Offset Voltage V OE I P = A; T A = 5 C to 5 C ±3 mv I P = A; T A = 4 C to 5 C 3 ±5 3 mv LIFETIME DRIFT CHARACTERISTICS Sensitivity Error Lifetime Drift E sens_drift 3 ± 3 % Total Output Error Lifetime Drift E tot_drift 3 ± 3 % [] Typical values with ± are 3 sigma values [] Percentage of I P, with I P = I PR(max). [3] A single part will not have both the maximum/minimum sensitivity error and maximum/minimum offset voltage, as that would violate the maximum/minimum total output error specification. Also, 3 sigma distribution values are combined by taking the square root of the sum of the squares. See Application Information section. xllctr-5ab PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS: T A Range L, valid at T A = 4 C to 5 C, V CC = 3.3 V, unless otherwise specified Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min. Typ. [] Max. Unit NOMINAL PERFORMANCE Current Sensing Range I PR 5 5 A Sensitivity Sens I PR(min) < I P < I PR(max) 6.4 mv/a Zero Current Output Voltage V IOUT(Q) Bidirectional; I P = A ACCURACY PERFORMANCE V CC.5 V Total Output Error [] E TOT I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C ± % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 6 ±4 6 % TOTAL OUTPUT ERROR COMPONENTS [3] E TOT = E SENS + x V OE /(Sens x I P ) Sensitivity Error E sens I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 5 C to 5 C.5 ±.5 % I P = I PR(max) ; T A = 4 C to 5 C 5.5 ±4 5.5 % Offset Voltage V OE I P = A; T A = 5 C to 5 C ±3 mv I P = A; T A = 4 C to 5 C 3 ±5 3 mv LIFETIME DRIFT CHARACTERISTICS Sensitivity Error Lifetime Drift E sens_drift 3 ± 3 % Total Output Error Lifetime Drift E tot_drift 3 ± 3 % [] Typical values with ± are 3 sigma values [] Percentage of I P, with I P = I PR(max). [3] A single part will not have both the maximum/minimum sensitivity error and maximum/minimum offset voltage, as that would violate the maximum/minimum total output error specification. Also, 3 sigma distribution values are combined by taking the square root of the sum of the squares. See Application Information section. Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A.
Zero Current Output Voltage vs. Temperature CHARACTERISTIC PERFORMANCE xllctr-au Offset Voltage vs. Temperature 35 345 5 V (mv) IOUT(Q) 34 335 33 35 3 Offset Voltage (mv) 5-5 - 35-5 3 Sensitivity vs. Temperature Sensitivity Error vs. Temperature 68 Sensitivity (mv/a) 66 64 6 6 58 56 54 5 Sensitivity Error (%) - 5-5 Nonlinearity vs. Temperature Total Error at I PR(max) vs. Temperature. Nonlinearity (%).8.6.4.. -. -.4 -.6 -.8 Total Error (%) - -5 -. -6 +3 Sigma Average Sigma Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A.
xllctrau Zero Current Output Voltage vs. Temperature Offset Voltage vs. Temperature V IOUT(Q) (mv) 336 334 33 33 38 36 34 3 3 Temperature ( C) Offset Voltage (mv) 6. 4..... -6. -8. -. Temperature ( C) Sensi vity vs. Temperature Sensi vity Error vs. Temperature Sensi vity (mv/a) 34 33 3 3 3 9 8 7 Temperature ( C) Sensi vity Error (%).5.5 -.5 - -.5.5.5 Temperature ( C) Nonlinearity (%) Nonlinearity vs. Temperature.8.6.4. -. -.4 -.6 -.8 - Temperature ( C) Total Error (%) Total Error at I PR(max) vs. Temperature.5 -.5 - -.5.5.5 Temperature ( C) +3 Sigma Average Sigma Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A.
xllctrab Zero Current Output Voltage vs. Temperature Offset Voltage vs. Temperature 656 6 655 5 V (mv) IOUT(Q) 654 653 65 65 65 649 648 647 Offset Voltage (mv) 4 3-646 645-5 Sensitivity vs. Temperature Sensitivity Error vs. Temperature 67 66 Sensitivity (mv/a) 66 65 65 64 64 Sensitivity Error (%) - 63-5 Nonlinearity vs. Temperature Total Error at I PR(max) vs. Temperature..8.6 Nonlinearity (%).4.. -. -.4 Total Error (%) - -.6 -.8 -. -5 +3 Sigma Average Sigma Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 3
xllctrab Zero Current Output Voltage vs. Temperature Offset Voltage vs. Temperature 656 6 654 4 V (mv) IOUT(Q) 65 65 648 Offset Voltage (mv) 646 644-6 Sensitivity vs. Temperature Sensitivity Error vs. Temperature 45 44 Sensitivity (mv/a) 44 43 43 4 Sensitivity Error (%) - 4-5 Nonlinearity vs. Temperature Total Error at I PR(max) vs. Temperature..8.6 Nonlinearity (%).4.. -. -.4 Total Error (%) - -.6 -.8 -. -5 +3 Sigma Average Sigma Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 4
xllctrab-h Zero Current Output Voltage vs. Temperature Offset Voltage vs. Temperature V IOUT(Q) (mv) 658 656 654 65 65 648 646 Temperature ( C) Offset Voltage (mv) 8. 6. 4..... -6. -8. Temperature ( C) 46 Sensitivity vs. Temperature 3 Sensitivity Error vs. Temperature Sensitivity (mv/a) 45 44 43 Sensitivity Error (%) - 4 Temperature ( C) Temperature ( C) Nonlinearity (%) Nonlinearity vs. Temperature.8.6.4. -. -.4 -.6 -.8 - Temperature ( C) Total Error (%) Total Error at I PR(max) vs. Temperature 3 - Temperature ( C) +3 Sigma Average Sigma Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 5
xllctrab Zero Current Output Voltage vs. Temperature Offset Voltage vs. Temperature 656 6 654 4 V (mv) IOUT(Q) 65 65 648 646 Offset Voltage (mv) 644-6 Sensitivity vs. Temperature Sensitivity Error vs. Temperature 33 Sensitivity (mv/a) 33 33 33 33 3 3 3 3 3 Sensitivity Error (%) - 3-5 Nonlinearity vs. Temperature Total Error at I PR(max) vs. Temperature..8.6 Nonlinearity (%).4.. -. -.4 -.6 -.8 Total Error (%) - -. -5 +3 Sigma Average Sigma Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 6
CHARACTERISTIC PERFORMANCE ACS74 TYPICAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE 5 ACS74 Frequency Response Magnitude [db] -5-3 4 5 Frequency [Hz] 5 Phase [ ] -5 - -5 3 4 5 Frequency [Hz] Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 7
APPLICATION INFORMATION Estimating Total Error vs. Sensed Current The Performance Characteristics tables give distribution (±3 sigma) values for Total Error at I PR(max) ; however, one often wants to know what error to expect at a particular current. This can be estimated by using the distribution data for the components of Total Error, Sensitivity Error, and Offset Voltage. The ±3 sigma value for Total Error (E TOT ) as a function of the sensed current (I P ) is estimated as: ( ) V OE E TOT (I) P = E SENS + Sens I P Here, E SENS and V OE are the ±3 sigma values for those error terms. If there is an average sensitivity error or average offset voltage, then the average Total Error is estimated as: V OE AVG E TOT (I) P = E SENS + AVG AVG Sens I P The resulting total error will be a sum of E TOT and E TOT_AVG. Using these equations and the 3 sigma distributions for Sensitivity Error and Offset Voltage, the Total Error vs. sensed current (I P ) is below for the ACS75LLCTRAB. As expected, as one goes towards zero current, the error in percent goes towards infinity due to division by zero. Total Error (% of Current Measured) 8 6 4-6 -8 5 5 Current (A) ºC + 3σ ºC 3σ 5ºC + 3σ 5ºC 3σ 85ºC + 3σ 85ºC 3σ Figure : Predicted Total Error as a Function of the Sensed Current for the ACS75LLCTRAB Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 8
Thermal Rise vs. Primary Current Self-heating due to the flow-off current should be considered during the design of any current sensing system. The sensor, printed circuit board (PCB), and contacts to the PCB will generate heat as current moves through the system. The thermal response is highly dependent on PCB layout, copper thickness, cooling techniques, and the profile of the injected current. The current profile includes peak current, current on-time, and duty cycle. While the data presented in this section was collected with direct current (DC), these numbers may be used to approximate thermal response for both AC signals and current pulses. The plot in Figure shows the measured rise in steady-state die temperature of the ACS75 versus DC input current at an ambient temperature, T A, of 5 C. The thermal offset curves may be directly applied to other values of T A. ASEK74/5 Evaluation Board Layout Thermal data shown in Figure was collected using the ASEK74/5 Evaluation Board (TED-85-74). This board includes 5 mm of oz. copper (.694 mm) connected to pins and, and to pins 3 and 4, with thermal vias connecting the layers. Top and bottom layers of the PCB are shown below in Figure 3. Figure : Self Heating in the LA Package Due to Current Flow The thermal capacity of the ACS75 should be verified by the end user in the application s specific conditions. The maximum junction temperature, T J(MAX) (65 C), should not be exceeded. Further information on this application testing is available in the DC and Transient Current Capability application note on the Allegro website. Figure 3: Top and Bottom Layers for ASEK74/5 Evaluation Board Gerber files for the ASEK74/5 evaluation board are available for download from our website. See the technical documents section of the ACS75 device webpage. Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 9
DEFINITIONS OF ACCURACY CHARACTERISTICS Sensitivity (Sens). The change in sensor IC output in response to a A change through the primary conductor. The sensitivity is the product of the magnetic circuit sensitivity (G/ A) ( G =. mt) and the linear IC amplifier gain (mv/g). The linear IC amplifier gain is programmed at the factory to optimize the sensitivity (mv/a) for the full-scale current of the device. Nonlinearity (E LIN ). The nonlinearity is a measure of how linear the output of the sensor IC is over the full current measurement range. The nonlinearity is calculated as: E LIN = V (I ) V IOUT PR(max) IOUT(Q) V (I /) V IOUT PR(max) IOUT(Q) (%) where V IOUT (I PR (max)) is the output of the sensor IC with the maximum measurement current flowing through it and V IOUT (I PR (max)/) is the output of the sensor IC with half of the maximum measurement current flowing through it. Zero Current Output Voltage (V IOUT(Q) ). The output of the sensor when the primary current is zero. For a unipolar supply voltage, it nominally remains at.5 V CC for a bidirectional device and. V CC for a unidirectional device. For example, in the case of a bidirectional output device, V CC = 3.3 V translates into V IOUT(Q) =.65 V. Variation in V IOUT(Q) can be attributed to the resolution of the Allegro linear IC quiescent voltage trim and thermal drift. Offset Voltage (V OE ). The deviation of the device output from its ideal quiescent value of.5 V CC (bidirectional) or. V CC (unidirectional) due to nonmagnetic causes. To convert this voltage to amperes, divide by the device sensitivity, Sens. Total Output Error (E TOT ). The difference between the current measurement from the sensor IC and the actual current (I P ), relative to the actual current. This is equivalent to the difference between the ideal output voltage and the actual output voltage, divided by the ideal sensitivity, relative to the current flowing through the primary conduction path: E TOT (I) P = V IOUT_ideal(I P) V IOUT(I P) Sens (I ) I ideal P P (%) The Total Output Error incorporates all sources of error and is a function of I P. At relatively high currents, E TOT will be mostly due to sensitivity error, and at relatively low currents, E TOT will be mostly due to Offset Voltage (V OE ). In fact, at I P =, E TOT approaches infinity due to the offset. This is illustrated in Figure 4 and Figure 5. Figure 4 shows a distribution of output voltages versus I P at 5 C and across temperature. Figure 5 shows the corresponding E TOT versus I P. I P (A) I P I PR (min) Accuracy Across Temperature Accuracy at 5 C Only Accuracy at 5 C Only Accuracy Across Temperature Increasing V IOUT (V) A Decreasing V IOUT (V) Accuracy Across Temperature Accuracy at 5 C Only Ideal V IOUT Figure 4: Output Voltage versus Sensed Current E TOT +E TOT V IOUT(Q) Full Scale I P I PR (max) +I P (A) Across Temperature 5 C Only Figure 5: Total Output Error versus Sensed Current +I P Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A.
Sensitivity Ratiometry Coefficient (SENS_RAT_COEF). The coefficient defining how the sensitivity scales with V CC. The ideal coefficient is, meaning the sensitivity scales proportionally with V CC. A % increase in V CC results in a % increase in sensitivity. A coefficient of. means that the sensitivity increases by % more than the ideal proportionality case. This means that a % increase in V CC results in an % increase in sensitivity. This relationship is described by the following equation: Sens(V ) = Sens(3.3 V) CC + (V 3.3 V) SENS_RAT_COEF CC 3.3 V This can be rearranged to define the sensitivity ratiometry coefficient as: SENS_RAT_COEF = Sens(V CC ) 3.3 V Sens(3.3 V) (V CC 3.3 V) Zero Current Output Ratiometry Coefficient (QVO_RAT_ COEF). The coefficient defining how the zero current output voltage scales with V CC. The ideal coefficient is, meaning the output voltage scales proportionally with V CC, always being equal to V CC /. A coefficient of. means that the zero current output voltage increases by % more than the ideal proportionality case. This means that a % increase in V CC results in an % increase in the zero current output voltage. This relationship is described by the following equation: VIOUTQ(V ) = VIOUTQ(3.3 V) CC + (V 3.3 V) QVO_RAT_COEF CC 3.3 V This can be rearranged to define the zero current output ratiometry coefficient as: QVO_RAT_COEF = VIOUTQ(V ) CC 3.3 V VIOUTQ(3.3 V) (V CC 3.3 V) Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A.
DEFINITIONS OF DYNAMIC RESPONSE CHARACTERISTICS Power-On Time (t PO ). When the supply is ramped to its operating voltage, the device requires a finite time to power its internal components before responding to an input magnetic field. Power-On Time, t PO, is defined as the time it takes for the output voltage to settle within ±% of its steady state value under an applied magnetic field, after the power supply has reached its minimum specified operating voltage, V CC (min), as shown in the chart at right. V V CC (typ.) 9% V IOUT V CC (min.) V CC V IOUT t t t PO t = time at which power supply reaches minimum specified operating voltage t = time at which output voltage settles within ±% of its steady state value under an applied magnetic field Figure 6: Power-On Time (t PO ) t Rise Time (t r ). The time interval between a) when the sensor IC reaches % of its full scale value, and b) when it reaches 9% of its full scale value. The rise time to a step response is used to derive the bandwidth of the current sensor IC, in which ƒ( 3 db) =.35 / t r. Both t r and t RESPONSE are detrimentally affected by eddy current losses observed in the conductive IC ground plane. Propagation Delay (t pd ). The propagation delay is measured as the time interval a) when the primary current signal reaches % of its final value, and b) when the device reaches % of its output corresponding to the applied current. (%) 9 Primary Current V IOUT Rise Time, tr Propagation Delay, tpd Figure 7: Rise Time (t r ) and Propagation Delay (t pd ) t Response Time (t RESPONSE ). The time interval between a) when the primary current signal reaches 9% of its final value, and b) when the device reaches 9% of its output corresponding to the applied current. (%) 9 Primary Current V IOUT Response Time, tresponse Figure 8: Response Time (t RESPONSE ) t Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A.
PACKAGE OUTLING DRAWING For Reference Only Not for Tooling Use (Reference MSAA) Dimensions in millimeters NOTTO SCALE Dimensions exclusive of mold flash, gate burrs, and dambar protrusions Exact case and lead configuration at supplier discretion within limits shown 4.9 ±. 8 8.5.7 A 3.9 ±. 6. ±. NNNNNNN PPT-AAA LLLLL.4 REF 8X. C Branded Face.75 MAX SEATING PLANE C.7.4.5 BSC SEATING PLANE GAUGE PLANE B A Standard Branding Reference View N = Device part number P= Package Designator T= Device temperature range A=Amperage L= Lot number Belly Brand = Country of Origin Terminal # mark area.5.3.7 BSC.5. B C Branding scale and appearance at supplier discretion Reference land pattern layout (reference IPC735 SOIC7P6X75-8M); all pads a minimum of. mm from all adjacent pads; adjust as necessary to meet application process requirements and PCB layout tolerances..65.7 8 Package Outline.65.7 8.7 5.6 7.35 4. 7.35.75.575 C PCB Layout Reference View Slot in PCB to maintain 4. mm creepage once part is on PCB C PCB Layout Reference View For PCB assemblies that cannot support a slotted design, the above stretched footprint may be used. Figure 9: Package LC, 8-Pin SOICN Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 3
Revision History Number Change Pages Responsible Date Initial Release All A. Latham January 9, 5 3 Added ACS75LLCTRAU-T to Selection Guide and Performance Characteristics charts, and corrected Sensitivity Error; added xllctrau Characteristic Performance charts. Added ACS75LLCTRAU-T to Selection Guide and Performance Characteristics charts. Added ACS75LLCTR-5AB-T to Selection Guide and Performance Characteristics charts., 6-8, A. Latham September 8, 5, 8 A. Latham December, 5, 9 W. Bussing March 7, 7 4 Added AEC-Q qualified status W. Bussing June 8, 7 5 Added ACS75LLCTR-5AB-T and ACS75LLCTR-AB-T to Selection Guide and Performance Characteristics charts., 5 M. McNally November 5, 7 6 Updated Clearance and Creepage rating values 3 W. Bussing January, 8 7 Added Dielectric Surge Strength Test Voltage characteristic Added Common Mode Field Rejection Ratio characteristic 5 W. Bussing January 3, 8 8 Updated PCB Layout References in Package Outline Drawing W. Bussing March 9, 8 9 Added Typical Frequency Response plots 6 W. Bussing June, 8 Added Thermal Rise vs. Primary Current and ASEK74/5 Evaluation Board Layout to the Applications Information section 8 W. Bussing July 3, 8 Added ACS75LLCTRAB-T-H to Selection Guide and Performance Characteristic Charts., 9, 5 M. McNally July 3, 8 Updated certificate numbers V. Mach December 3, 8 Copyright 8, reserves the right to make, from time to time, such departures from the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the performance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before placing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current. Allegro s products are not to be used in any devices or systems, including but not limited to life support devices or systems, in which a failure of Allegro s product can reasonably be expected to cause bodily harm. The information included herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, assumes no responsibility for its use; nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. Copies of this document are considered uncontrolled documents. For the latest version of this document, visit our website: Manchester, NH 33353 U.S.A. 4