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fo"k; dk uke %& Hkwxksy Lukrd ijh{kk 2017&18 ch-,- Hkkx & I iz u i= iz'u i= dk uke iw.kkzad mùkh.kkzad izfke ELEMENTS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY 50 17 f}rh; Rk`rh; INTRODUCTION TO GEOGRAPHY AND HUMAN GEOGRAPHY Practical SECTION A CARTOGRAPHY AND STATISTICAL METHOD 50 17 50 17 ch-,- Hkkx & II iz u i= iz'u i= dk uke iw.kkzad mùkh.kkzad izfke CLIMATOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY 50 17 f}rh; REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY (WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NORTH AMERICA ) 50 17 Rk`rh; Practical 50 17 ch-,- Hkkx & III iz u i= iz'u i= dk uke iw.kkzad mùkh.kkzad izfke RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT 50 17 f}rh; GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA(With Special reference to Chhattisgarh) 50 17 Rk`rh; Practical 50 17

iz u i= dk uke %& 1 St ch-,- izfke o kz %& ELEMENTS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY UNIT-1 The nature and scope of Physical Geography; Inter relation of Physical Geography with other branches of earth science. The place of Geomorphology in Physical Geography, Geological Time scale. UNIT-2 Earth's interior, Wegner's theory of Continental Drift, Plate Tectonics. Earth movements:- orogenic and epeirogenic. Isostasy, Earthquakes and Volcanoes. UNIT-3 Rocks - Origin and composition of rocks, weathering, formation of regolith and soils, rocks and relief. Geomorphic agents and processes-erosion, transportation and deposition, mass wasting. UNIT-4 Evolution of Land space, concept of cycle of erosion, interruption of cycle of erosion. Fluvial, Arid, Glacial, Karsts and Coastal Landscapes. UNIT-5 Application of Geomorphology to Hydrology, Mining, Engineering works, Hazard management and urbanization.

iz u i= dk uke %& 2 nd ch-,- izfke o kz %& INTRODUCTION TO GEOGRAPHY AND HUMAN GEOGRAPHY UNIT-1 The Nature of Geography, objectives and relevance, Place of Geography in the Classification of Sciences, Geography and other disciplines. UNIT-2 Geography as the study of environment, man - environment relationship; ecology and ecosystems. Environmental determinism possibilism Neo - determinism; Dualism in Geography - Systematic/ Regional, Physical/Human, Complementarity. UNIT-3 Definition and scope of Human Geography. Human Races - Their characteristics and distribution. Human adaptation - To the environment; Eskimos, Bushman, Pigmy, Gond, Masai, and Naga. UNIT-4 Growth of Population; Distribution of Population, world distribution palters - physical, economic and social factors influencing spatial distribution, concept of over population under population and optimum population. Migration - internal and international Settlements - Types and patterns of settlements. UNIT-5 A brief historical overview of Geography as a discipline, recent trends in geography with special reference to India, imperatives for the future, career opportunities for geographers

iz u i= dk uke %& 3 rd ch-,- izfke o kz %& Practical SECTION A CARTOGRAPHY AND STATISTICAL METHOD 1. Scale Plain, time, Diagonal and Comparative. 2. Methods of showing relief hachures, contours; Representation of different land forms by contours, Drawing of profiles serial superimposed, projected and composit. 3. Line graph & bat graph (Simple & Compound) 4. Circle diagram, Pie diagram, wind rose. 5. Population pyramid. 6. Mean, Median and Mode. SECTION B SURVEYING - 7. Chain and tape Survey. PRACTICAL RECORD AND VIVA VOCE

ch-,- f}rh; o kz %& 1 St iz u i= dk uke % CLIMATOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY CLIMATOLOGY UNIT-l Weathers and climate; definition and significance of climatology. Elements of weather and climate; their causes. Composition and structure of the atmosphere. Atmospheric Temperature: insulation and Global energy budget, vertical, horizontal and seasonal distribution of temperature. UNIT-II Atmospheric pressure and winds: Vertical and horizontal distribution of pressure; planetary, periodic and local winds. Atmospheric moisture: humidity, evaporation; and condensation; hydrological cycle; types of precipitation, world patterns of rainfall: regional and seasonal distribution. Atmospheric disturbances: tropical and temperate cyclones; thun derstorms and tornadoes. UNIT-Ill Climatic classification, basis of kop pen s classification and types-distribution, Characteristics and related plant and animal life. Role of climate in human life; Atmospheric pollution and global warning general causes, consequences and measures of control. B. OCEANOGRAPHY UNIT-IV Relevance of oceanography in earth and atmospheric science. Definition of oceanography, Surface configuration of the ocean floor, continental shelf, continental slope, abyssal plain, mid-oceanic ridges and oceanic trenches. Relief of atlantics. pacific and Indian oceans. Distribution of temperature and salinity of oceans and seas. UNIT-V Circulation of oceanic waters; Waves, tides and currents, currents of the Atlantic. Pacific and Indian Ocean as storehouse of resources for the future.

ch-,- f}rh; o kz %& 2 nd iz u i= dk uke %& REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY (WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NORTH AMERICA ) UNIT-I Regional concept; Bases of regionalization : North America-structure, relief, climate and soils. UNIT-II Forests, Distribution and Production of Mineral and Energy Resources (Iron ore, Manganese, Copper, Coal, Petroleum and Hydro-electricity) of North America. UNIT-III Major Crops ; Agricultural belts. Live stock and Dairy Farming in North America. UNIT-IV Industries of North America - Localization, development & production (Iron & Steel, Cotton textile. Heavy Engineering Industries). Industrial Regions, Population ; Trade and Transport. UNIT-V Detailed study of the following regions of North America : California valley, New England New England Region, Lake Region, Alaska, Prairie Region and St. Lawrance Valley.

iz u i= dk uke %& 3 rd %& Practical ch-,- f}rh; o kz UNIT I Distribution Maps : Dot Choropleth & Isopleth. UNIT II Map projections : Definition and classification, Cylindrical projection simple, equal area, Gall s Marcator s. UNIT-III UNIT IV UNIT V Interpretation if weather maps : Use of meteorological instruments. Statistical Mathods : Quartile : Mean deviation, standard deviation and Quartile deviation ; Relative variability and co-efficient of variation. Surveying Prismatic Compass Survey : open and closed traverse, correction of bearing, calculation of interior angles.

ch-,- r`rh; o kz %& 1 St iz u i= dk uke % RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT A. Resources UNIT-I Meaning, nature and components of resources and environment- Resources and environment interface. Classification of resources : renewable and nonrenewable : biotic (forests, wild-life, live-stock, fisheries, agricultural crops) and abiotic (land, water, mineral) UNIT-II UNIT-III B. Environment Distribution and utilization of water mineral and energy resources, their economic and environmental significance and conservation. Types and distribution of forests, fauna and fisheries, their economic, and environmental significance and conservation Major soil types and their distribution; problems of soil erosion and Soil Consertion. Number, density, growth and distribution of population; population pressure and resource utilization. UNIT-IV UNIT-V Classification of environment: Natural and Human. Man environment interrelations with respect to population size, types of economy and technology; exploitation of natural resources and environmental hazards. Emerging environmental issues - population explosion: food security; deforestation; global warming, conservation of bio-diversity; sustainable development.

%& 2 nd ch-,- r`rh; o kz iz u i= dk uke %& GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA(With Special reference to Chhattisgarh) UNIT-I Physical features: Structure, Relief and Physiographic regions. Drainage. Climate-origin and mechanism of monsoon, and regional and seasonal variation. UNIT-II UNIT-llI UNIT-IV UNIT-V Natural resources: Soils - types, their distribution and characteristics. Water resources (major irrigation and hydel power projects); Forests-types, distribution, economic significance and conservation. Mineral and Power resources-iron-ore, Manganese. Copper, Coal, Petroleum and Natural gas, Non conventional sources of energy. Cultural Features: Agriculture - Major crops, impact of green revolution and agricultural regions; Industries - Iron and steel, Cotton Textile, Cement, Sugar. Population - growth, density and distribution. Transport, Foreign Trade. Chhattisgarh: Physical Features : Structure. Physiographic, Drainage, Climate, Soils, Natural vegetation. Water resources - availability and development. Mineral and Power resources. Power projects. Chhattisgarh: Cultural features : Agriculture. Industries, Population - growth, distribution and density, social groups, literacy and sex-ratio, urbanization. Major tribes-their habitat, economy and society. Transport and Tourism.

iz u i= dk uke %& 3 rd %& Practical ch-,- r`rh; o kz UNIT I UNIT II UNIT III UNIT IV UNIT V Band graph, Hythergraph and climograph. Square root, cube root and vernier scale. Map Projection : Conical Projection : one standard parallel, two standard parallels, Bonne s, Ployconic, Polar Zenithal Projections Gnomonic, Stereographic and Orthographic. Study and Interpretation of Indian topographical sheet : classification and numbering system, Interpretation of topographical sheet with respect to cultural and physical features. Surveying plane Table Survey, Basic Principles of plane table Surveying, plane table Survey including intersection and resection. Importance of field work in Geography. Field work and field report : physical, social and economic Survey of a micro region.