Marine Spatial Planning: A National Perspective by Morgan Gopnik, Duke University 28th Int l. Submerged Lands Management Conference Webinar on Marine Spatial Planning November 19, 2009
Who s in charge?
White House Memorandum June 12, 2009 The [Interagency Ocean Policy] Task Force shall develop a national policy that ensures the protection of the health of ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes ecosystems and resources, enhances the sustainability of ocean and coastal economies, preserves our maritime heritage, [and] provides for adaptive management to enhance our understanding of and capacity to respond to climate change The Task Force should review the Federal Government's existing policy coordination framework to ensure integration and collaboration across jurisdictional lines... [and] improve coordination and collaboration among Federal, State, tribal, and local authorities The Task Force shall develop a recommended framework for effective coastal and marine spatial planning. This framework should be a comprehensive, integrated, ecosystem-based approach that addresses conservation, economic activity, user conflict, and sustainable use of ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources
Interagency Ocean Policy Task Force Chair: White House Council on Environmental Quality Other White House Offices (4): Energy and Climate Change, Information and Regulatory Affairs, Management and Budget, Science and Technology Policy Cabinet Departments (10): Defense, Navy, Commerce (NOAA Administrator), Energy, Health and Human Services, Interior, Justice, Labor, State, Transportation Others (8): Environmental Protection Agency, Federal Energy Regulatory Committee, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Science Foundation, US Coast Guard, Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, National Security Council, Office of the Vice President
From Task Force Interim Report Governance Advisory Committee National Ocean Council (NOC) Co-chaired by CEQ and OSTP Steering Committee 4 CEQ members 4 OSTP members Chairs of IPCs Ocean Research and Resources Advisory Panel Ocean Resource Management Interagency Policy Committee (ORM-IPC) Co-Chairs: NOAA, CEQ, EPA, DOI Ocean Science and Technology Interagency Policy Committee (OST-IPC) Co-Chairs: OSTP, NSF, NOAA
Sen. Maria Cantwell Subcommittee Chair November 4, 2009 Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation Subcommittee on Oceans, Atmosphere, Fisheries, and Coast Guard hearing on The Future of Ocean Governance: Building Our National Ocean Policy
MSP Resources www.msp.noaa.gov www.nicholas.duke.edu/institute/msp www.unesco-ioc-marinesp.be
State Approaches to Marine Spatial Planning An overview of Massachusetts Rhode Island Oregon November 19, 2009 Robert Bailey, Manager Oregon Coastal Management Program
What is Marine Spatial Planning? Marine spatial planning is a public process of analyzing and allocating the spatial and temporal distribution of human activities in marine areas to achieve ecological, economic and social objectives that have been specified through a political process. UNESCO
What are the Objectives of Marine Spatial Planning? http://msp.noaa.gov/ Multi-objective. MSP balances ecological, social, economic, and governance objectives. Spatially focused. The ocean area to be managed is clearly defined and large enough to incorporate relevant ecosystem processes. Integrated. The MSP process addresses the interrelationships and interdependence of each component within the management area.
Massachusetts
Massachusetts Real-world driver(s): Offshore wind energy siting proposals Policy framework: MA Ocean Management Task Force, 2003, Waves of Change report March 2004. MA Oceans Act of 2008: May, 08, Draft Plan out for review, Final Plan due 12/31/09 Process: 17- member Ocean Advisory Commission, 9 member Ocean Science Advisory Council; Staffed by: MA Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs Policy or regulatory plan element: Ocean Plan will comprehensive, part of state CZM program, enforced through existing state regulations Maps and spatial elements to be included Extensive linkage to university and agency science community
Massachusetts Information Resources Waves of Change report, March 2004 http://www.mass.gov/czm/oceanmanagement/waves_of_change/index.htm Draft Massachusetts Ocean Plan June 2009 http://www.mass.gov/?pageid=eoeeatopic&l=3&l0=home&l1=ocean+%26+coastal+ Management&L2=Massachusetts+Ocean+Plan&sid=Eoeea
Rhode Island
Rhode Island Real-world driver(s): Offshore wind energy siting proposals Policy framework: Rhode Island Coastal Resources Management Council, 1983, ocean use zones Rhode Island Ocean Special Area Management Plan (SAMP) : July 2008 July 2010 Process: RI Coastal Resources Management Council (CRMC) 5 - member SAMP Subcommittee, 12 - member Science Advisory Task Force Staffed by: Executive Office of Energy and Environmental Affairs and MA CZM Policy or regulatory plan element: Ocean Plan will comprehensive, will be part of state CZM program To be enforced through existing state regulations Maps or spatial elements being developed Extensive research through universities and agencies
Rhode Island Key Information Resources Rhode Island Ocean SAMP : website Ocean SAMP Power Point Overview (see esp. slides 12-18) http://seagrant.gso.uri.edu/oceansamp/pdf/present_fugate_ceq.pdf GIS Maps and other data http://www.narrbay.org/d_projects/oceansamp/
Oregon
Oregon Real-world driver: Marine Reserve designations and wave energy siting proposals (2008) Policy framework: Statewide Planning Goal 19, Ocean Resources 1977, 2000 Ocean Resources Management Plan 1990 Oregon Ocean Resources Management Act, 1991 Oregon Territorial Sea Plan 1994 Process: Stakeholder/public advisory committee for ocean energy plan amendment; Marine Reserve Community Advisory Teams Ocean Policy Advisory Council Scientific and Technical Advisory Team (STAC) Staffed by: Oregon Coastal Management Program Policy or regulatory plan element: Amends existing TSP for energy: policy/process component adopted 11/2009 Spatial component to be adopted 2010 Will be part of state CZM program, enforced through existing state regulations
Oregon Information Resources Oregon Territorial Sea Plan http://www.oregon.gov/lcd/ocmp/ocean_tsp.shtml Part Five: Ocean Renewable Energy Development http://www.oregon.gov/lcd/opac/docs/workinggroups/draft_part5_101509_tspac_revised.pdf Marine Reserves Online information resources http://www.oregonmarinereserves.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=190&itemid=72 Thematic maps of Oregon Territorial Sea http://www.oregonmarinereserves.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=195&itemid=72 Ocean Policy Advisory Council http://www.oregon.gov/lcd/opac/index.shtml
Marine Spatial Planning Is it MSP? MA + + + + + + + RI + + + + + + + OR + + + + + + + UNESCO Definition NOAA Objectives
Marine Spatial Planning Key On-going Issues Data and Information Using Internet-based tools Visualization and assessment of complex information Regional governance Embedding state MSP within regional framework Plan updates Accommodating new information and assessments Research framework to support state and regional MSP CAPACITY and COST$!!!!
Stay Tuned
Ocean Uses Atlas: Informing Comprehensive Coastal and Marine Spatial Planning NOAA National Marine Protected Areas Center Charles Wahle Mimi D Iorio Nicholas Hayden Jordan Gass Cheryl Butner Marine Conservation Biology Institute Lance Morgan John Guinotte Fan Tsao Larissa Sano International Submerged Lands Management Conference Marine Spatial Planning Session Nov. 19, 2009
Oceans Are Becoming Crowded Places: Fishing Uses
Oceans Are Becoming Crowded Places: Industrial and Military Uses
Oceans Are Becoming Crowded Places: Non-Consumptive Uses
Emerging Uses Spreading Out from Florida Keys NMS
CMSP is Comprehensive and Requires Planning for All Ocean Uses Ocean Management Approaches Management Target Desired Ecosystem + Societal Outcomes Marine Spatial Planning Ecosystem Integrity Marine Protected Areas Ecosystem + Area Based Management Regional Ocean Governance OCEAN USES: pattern, conflicts, compatibility Social, Cultural + Economic Benefits Reduced User Conflicts
The Missing Puzzle Piece of CMSP: Comprehensive, Continuous and Consistent Spatial Data on Current and Planned Ocean Uses Aquaculture Alternative Energy Fishing Non-Consumptive Uses Underwater cables
Filling the CMSP Knowledge Gap: The California Ocean Uses Atlas Purpose to enhance California s ocean management and CMSP by filling key data gap on the full range of human uses Approach participatory GIS mapping of 30 ocean uses in 3 sectors by regional ocean experts Partners NOAA Marine Protected Areas Center Marine Conservation Biology Institute Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Resources Legacy Fund Foundation Status All regions mapped; data being packaged for distribution Timeline Jan 2008 Nov 2009
30 Significant Human Uses Mapped by the CA Ocean Uses Atlas Project Industrial and Military (8) Offshore oil and gas Offshore alternative energy Mining + mineral extraction Underwater cables Maritime shipping Cruise ships Military operations Aquaculture Fishing (12) Recreational pelagic fishing from boats Recreational benthic fishing from boats Recreational fishing from shore Recreational dive fishing Kayak fishing Commercial pelagic fishing Commercial fishing w/ benthic fixed gear Commercial fishing w/ benthic mobile gear Commercial dive fishing Hunting Commercial algae harvesting Shore-based recreational harvest Non-Consumptive (10) Swimming Surface water sports Paddling SCUBA and snorkeling Motorized boating Sailing Tide pooling Beach use Wildlife viewing from charter boats Tribal spiritual/cultural places
Workshop Design and Technology Process Participants in 3-4 balanced groups based on expertise Groups are paired with a facilitator and GIS specialist Provided orientation to technology, basemap Software ESRI ArcGIS 9.2 ESRI ArcSketch 1.2 Extension Hardware E-Beam Electronic Whiteboard Sympodium Digital Tablet Data Basemap bathymetry, cities, coastal access points, underwater features, kelp, shipwrecks, etc.
Post-workshop Steps GIS Processing Systematic edits of raw workshop files Data normalization Boundary Issues Distributed Products Individual Use and Sector maps for each region of California Geodatabase for end-user analysis and cartography Analytical maps of potential applied uses of data Interactive web tool for public visualization Next Steps Best Available Data to QC where applicable Repeat (or update) to assess changes in use patterns
Sample Product: Single Use, SoCal Region
Sample Product: Single Use, Zoomed In
Sample Product: Aggregated Sector, Zoomed In
Sample Product: Alternative Energy Siting
Sample Product: Overlapping Uses in Channel Islands NMS
Nice Maps, But What Are They Good For? CMSP: ID areas of potential conflict or compatibility among uses (e.g Rigs to Reefs) MPA Design and Adptv. Mgmnt.: siting and restrictions addressing key threats tracked over time (e.g. CA MLPA) Offshore Energy / Aquaculture: Streamline infrastructure by targeting areas with compatible ocean uses (e.g. current project proposals) Emergency Response: planning for threats to human uses (e.g. NH/So. Maine) Education, Outreach and Research Priorities: ID key uses and threats and target relevant local user groups and demographics Coastal Economic Development: ID opportunities for developing coastal economies and infrastructure to support ocean uses Strategic Conservation Targets: ID important ocean areas that could be conserved w/out major stakeholder impacts
Lessons Learned Strengths: Workshop setting Explain uses and drawing methods in person Group quality-checks the work of individuals Typically get complete coverage of study area Portability Ignore existing data that is of varying quality/currency, often hard to find, not continuous for entire region Challenges: Workshop setting Expensive travel and facility costs Expected attendance not always met Some uses are poorly known, might need to rely on existing data Alternative Approach = Web-based mapping tool: Either as a stand alone or to augment workshop data Expensive to build, host, manage; need to keep technology current Hard to QC incoming data, bias towards computer-savvy individuals
Contact Information NOAA Team Charlie Wahle, Senior Scientist Mimi D iorio, GIS Manager Nick Hayden, Atlas GIS Specialist Jordan Gass, GIS Specialist http://mpa.gov/science_analysis/atlas.htm charles.wahle@noaa.gov mimi.diorio@noaa.gov nicholas.hayden@noaa.gov jordan.gass@noaa.gov MCBI Team Lance Morgan, Vice President for Science John Guinotte, GIS Specialist Fan Tsao, GIS Specialist http://www.mcbi.org/ lance@mcbi.org john@mcbi.org Fan.tsao@noaa.gov