WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING FACULTY OF ENGINEERING/LUND UNIVERSITY COURSE OUTLINE: HYDROMECHANICS VVR N35 January May 2019 Information about the course is available through various files in pdf-format at, http://www.tvrl.lth.se <Education> <Courses at TVRL> <VVRN35> or go directly to: http://www.tvrl.lth.se/utbildning/courses/vvrn35/ Course Structure Lectures including review of examples: 38 hr Tutorials: 18 hr Course Responsible Professor Magnus Larson (ML) is responsible for the course (magnus.larson@tvrl.lth.se). Teachers Lectures will be given by ML and Associate Professor Rolf Larsson (RL; rolf.larsson@tvrl.lth.se), whereas Ph.D. Erik Nilsson (EN; erik.nilsson@tvrl.lth.se) will be in charge of the tutorials. Course Content Magnus Larson Rolf Larsson Erik Nilsson General Overview The objective of the course is to provide a physical understanding of phenomena and concepts in advanced water flows and to introduce calculation methods to analyze a number of important hydraulic problems. The course deals mainly with free-surface flows with emphasis on open-channel hydraulics. Furthermore, similitude and dimensional analysis, flow around immersed bodies, and flow measurements are also dealt with in the course. Detailed Content Hydraulic models, similitude, dimensionless numbers such as the Reynolds number and the Froude number. Dimensional analysis with Buckingham s pi-theorem. Boundary layer theory. Surface drag and form drag. Open channel flow in general. The energy principle with specific 1
energy, flow controls, critical flow, Froude number. The momentum principle with the hydraulic jump. Uniform channel flow with Manning s formula and methods of calculation. Theory and analysis of gradually varying channel flow. Water surface profiles and numerical methods for the calculation of water depths. Spatial change of flow in channels. Practical views on channel design. Discharge measurements in channels. Weirs and flumes. Flow measurements in pipelines. Rapidly varying channel flow - bridge piers, control of the hydraulic jump. Compulsory Assignments There are eight compulsory assignments that are similar to the problems solved during the tutorials. The assignments should be carried out in groups of two students and may be handed in to the teacher at will, although at latest before the written examination. The assignments should be presented in a clear and sufficiently detailed manner, so that different assumptions and steps in the solutions can be easily understood and followed. The first page should contain the students names and the number of the assignment. Each assignment will be approved directly or returned for correction. Passing the course requires that all the assignments have been approved. Tutorials Nine sessions are included in the course that focuses on solving problems in hydromechanics. The students are encouraged to work on the problems themselves beforehand and use the time for consulting the instructor on specific questions related to the problems. The tutorials could be considered as a complement to the lectures. There will also be a possibility, if time allows it, to ask questions on an individual basis concerning assignments or other tasks. Literature The literature and other course material is available at Water Resources Engineering and consists of selected chapters from: Vennard, J.K., Street, R.L. Elementary Fluid Mechanics. 6 th edition, John Wiley & Sons, 1982. French, R. Open channel hydraulics. McGraw-Hill International Editions, 1994. (Alternative to French (1994): Chaudhry, M.H. Open-Channel Flow. Springer, New York, 2008; download through Lund University Library site at: https://link-springer-com.ludwig.lub.lu.se/book/10.1007%2f978-0-387-68648-6) 2
Examination A written examination will be given at the end of the course (3 rd of June 8-13 in Vic:1C) consisting of five problems. A correctly solved problem yields 2 points and the maximum score is 10 points, of which 5 are needed to pass the course. It is a closed-book exam where a hand-out with a comprehensive summary of relevant equations, graphs, and tables will be provided. The results from the written examination will be the final grade of the course. Office Hours Various problems related to the course should be discussed with Magnus Larson, who is the course coordinator. His office is on the 2 nd floor of the Civil Engineering Building. 3
COURSE OUTLINE Please observe that that lectures or tutorials may be given at any of the scheduled occasions (all classes are given in the Civil Engineering Building). Lectures No. Date Time Room Contents 1. Mon 21.1 08-10 R2 Introduction, similitude and dimensional analysis I (ML) 2. Thu 24.1 08-10 R2 Similitude and dimensional analysis II (ML) 3. Mon 28.1 08-10 R2 Similitude and dimensional analysis III (ML) 4. Thu 31.1 08-10 R2 Pressure and friction drag I (RL) 5. Thu 7.2 08-10 R2 Pressure and friction drag II (RL) 6. Mon 11.2 08-10 R2 Boundary layers (RL) 7. Thu 14.2 08-10 R2 Channel flow general, the energy principle I (RL) 8. Thu 21.2 08-10 R2 The energy principle II (RL) 9. Mon 25.2 08-10 R2 The energy principle III (RL) 10. Thu 28.2 08-10 R2 The momentum principle (RL) 11. Thu 7.3 08-10 R2 Uniform channel flow, basic concepts, computation of uniform channel flow (RL) 12. Wed 27.3 08-10 R2 Computation of uniform flow, Gradually varied channel flow I (ML) 13. Wed 3.4 08-10 R2 Gradually varied channel flow II (ML) 14. Wed 10.4 08-10 R2 Gradually varied channel flow III (ML) 4
15. Wed 17.4 08-10 R2 Flow measurements I (ML) 16. Wed 8.5 08-10 R2 Flow measurements II (ML) 17. Mon 13.5 08-10 V:D Channel design (ML) 18. Mon 20.5 08-10 R2 Rapidly varied flow (ML) 19. Wed 22.5 08-10 R2 Course summary (ML) Tutorials Given by EN. No. Date Time Room Sample Problems 1. Mon 4.2 08-10 R2 8.2, 8.14, 8.25, 8.43, 8.52, 8.61 (V&S) 2. Mon 18.2 08-10 R2 13.25, 13.32, 13.42, 13.47 (V&S), 11.24 (extra) 3. Mon 4.3 08-10 R2 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 2.2, 2.4, 2.5 (F) 4. Mon 25.3 08-10 R2 2.7, 2.12, 3.2, 3.5, 3.8, 3.14 (F), 14.379 (extra) 5. Mon 1.4 08-10 R2 5.4, 5.10, 5.18, 5.25, 5.28 (F) 6. Mon 8.4 08-10 R2 6.3, 6.8 (F) 7. Mon 15.4 08-10 R2 6.10, 6.13 (F), A1 (extra) 8. Mon 6.5 08-10 R2 9.7 (extra), 14.326 (extra) 9. Wed 15.5 08-10 R2 8.1, 8.6, 8.8 (F), 11.50, 11.68, 11.80, 11.85 (V&S) V&S = exercises in Vennard & Street F = exercises in French extra = exercises which are handed out 5
CONTENTS OF LECTURES No. Content 1. Similitude and dimensional analysis I ch 8, beginning of ch 8.1 (V&S), ch 1.5, 14.1 (F) 2. Similitude and dimensional analysis II ch 8.1, 8.2 (V&S), ch 14.3, 14.4 (F) 3. Dimensional analysis III ch 8.2, 8.3, 9.6 (V&S) 4. Pressure and friction drag I ch 13.1, 13.2 (V&S) 5. Pressure and friction drag II ch 13.6, 13.3 (V&S) 6. Boundary layers ch 13.3, 13.4, 13.5 (V&S) 7. Open channel flow, general ch 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 (p 11-14, 22-23, 24-29) (F) The energy principle I ch 2.1 (F) 8. The energy principle II ch 2.2, 2.3 (F) 9. The energy principle III ch 2.3 continued, 2.4 (p 59-60), examples 2.7, 2.8 10. The momentum principle ch 3.1, 3.2, (p 78-80, 86-87, 89-95) (F) 11. Uniform flow ch 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 (notice tables p 125-130) (F) Computation of uniform flow ch 5.1 (not p 167-171), 5.2 (F) 6
12. Computation of uniform flow ch 5.3 (p 176-178), 5.4 (F) Gradually varied channel flow I ch 6.1, 6.2 (F) 13. Gradually varied channel flow II ch 6.3 (up to p 237) (F) 14. Gradually varied channel flow III ch 6.4, 6.5 (F) 15. Flow measurements I ch 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 (F) 16. Flow measurements II ch 8.4, 8.5, (F), 11.11, 11.12, 11.13 (V&S) 17. Channel design ch 7 (F) 18. Rapidly varied channel flow ch 9.1, 9.2 (up to p 397), ch 9.3, 9.4, 9.5 (F) 7