Il progetto SPES: produzione di fasci di ioni radioattivi ai Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro. Alberto Andrighetto LNL-INFN Congresso SIF 2012 - Napoli
Talk Overview -Introduction - The SPES layout & devices. - The production target (TIS). - The TIS R&D activities. - Final remarks.
The INFN Legnaro Laboratory 1984 Electrostatic accelerators 1972 1994 1962 Superconducting radiofrequency accelerators 50th LNL birthday! SPES is the LNL future Nuclear Physics - Fundamental Interactions Interdisciplinary Physics - Detector Techniques - Accelerator Design & Technology - Superconductivity
The RIB European Scenario FAIR IF beams GANIL, Caen, France delivering IF beams since 1984 (SPIRAL) ISOL beams since 2001 GSI, Darmstadt, Germany delivering IF beams since 1990 SPIRAL II ISOL beams REX-ISOLDE, CERN delivering ISOL beams since 2001 HIE-ISOLDE ISOL beams SPES, Legnaro, Italy ISOL beams EXCYT, Catania, Italy ISOL beams
The Excyt LNS facility The INFN RIB ISOL Facility running since 2002 Cyclotron k800: RIB driver
The Excyt LNS RIB facility Target Front End 15 MV Tandem post-accelerator Target Chamber Unit
The SPES project Goal: to expand in the future the nuclear physics tests at LNL SPES is: 1) A second generation ISOL facility (for neutron-rich ion beams) 2) An interdisciplinary research center (for p,n applications) The SPES staging a g b d
Physics domains @ SPES Possibility to produce more than 500 isotopes Nuclear Physics with RIB - High angular momentum - Deformed nuclei - Correlation (pairing) - Shell evolution ORNL calculation Nuclear Astrophysics with RIB - Heavy elements origin (r,p,s process) - Stellar explosion - Neutron stars - X-ray burst and supernovae
Physics nuclear reactions @ SPES SPES RIB
SPES project status: Building design & study of beam transport to ALPI are completed RFQ Charge Breeder Exp. Hall 3 Spes (new) building ALPI building Cyclotron HRMS Beam Cooler RIB target stations
The SPES main devices Driver: Commercial cyclotron Production Target: NEW CONCEPT (Multi-foil UCx target) Post Accelerator: Piave- Alpi existing complex RIB manipulation stage ALPI - Mass Separator (WF) - Beam Couler - HRMS - Charge Breeder - RFQ Target-Ion Source Complex: - optimized for 8kW beam power - E proton = 40 MeV for RIB - 10^13 fission/s. PIAVE
- The driver - The RIB manipulation - The post accelerator - The production target
Cyclotron load work per year - 2 weeks per shift - Beam preparation 2 days - Beam on target 12 days - Beam on target 280 hours per shift - Expected Beam on target: more than 10000 hours per year (RIB+appl.)
Status of Cyclotron 70p Magnet in Japan (Dec 2011) 70p Model. Transfer to Marmen (Canada) for final Machining (March 2012) Main Dimensions Diameter = 4.5 m Height= 1.7 m Weight = 210 tons
- The driver - The RIB manipulation - The post accelerator - The production target
Target Beam transport from TIS to HRMS Wien Filter Dipole Dipole RFQ Cooler Acc. Column Dipole Multipole Dipole Acc. Column
Beam transport from HRMS to ALPI HRMS CB CB NEW RFQ RFQ QWR1 QWR2 CR3-CR4
- The driver - The RIB manipulation - The post accelerator - The production target
ALPI Low-Beta Cavity Upgrade Motivation: to achieve at least 10 MeV/A up to A/q=7 most beam species (up to the heaviest) and higher beam transmission Starting situation: 20 QWRs in 5 cryostats E a ~ 3 MV/m -> total accelerating voltage ~ 11 MV After upgrade: 24 QWRs (6 cryostats) E a = 5 MV/m (upgraded rf system) -> total accelerating voltage ~ 21 MV Optimum beta βo = 0.056 βo = 0.11 βo = 0.13 ALPI layout CR03 prototype work completed
SPES Final Performance 80 Ga 17+ 121 Sn 21+ 95 Kr 18+ 129 In 21+ 40 Ar 9+ 84 Kr 18+ 132 Xe 27+ 22 Ne 4+ 120 Sn 21+ 132 Sn 21+ 143 Xe 22+ 132 Sn 19+ 197 Au 30+
- The driver - The RIB manipulation - The post accelerator - The production target
The SPES TIS complex ion source 1+ transfer line proton beam SPES production target
Target complex disc & container Temperature distribution [ C] (ANSYS box ) proton beam window UC x disk dumper
Target & ion source I Target = 700A -> 1200A max I Line = 200A -> 600A max
The SPES off-line Front end (made in collaboration with INFN-MI, INFN-PV, INFN-BO) 60 kv platform
The TIS R&D activities
The TIS SPES Laboratories HT LNL Lab Test Bench LNL Lab UCx Chemistry PADOVA Lab Carbide Chemistry LNL Lab Laser PAVIA Lab New class A LNL Lab
Target production Study of the target porosimetry on the isotopes production yield 2010 Test Standard UC X 2011 Test Low density UC X 2012 Test Medium density UC X 2010 2011 2012 Density (g/cm³) Diameter (mm) Thickness (g/cm²) Calculated porosity (%) 4.25 2.59 6.38 12.50 13.07 12.91 0.41 0.41 0.41 58 75 37
HRIBF: On-Line TIS Testing Facility (low intensity (<50 na) tests of RIB production targets) Beam from Tandem Accelerator Target / Ion Source Beam Diagnostics Dipole Magnet M/DM = 2000 Moving Tape System and g-ray Detector
Yield (/sec/ A) Yield (/sec/ A) Experimental tests at HRIBF Irradiation by 40 MeV, 50 na proton beam, ionization with plasma ion source 2010 Test Standard UC X 2011 Test Low density UC X 2012 Test Medium density UC X shipped to ORNL for test (end of 2012?) 10 8 10 7 10 6 10 5 Br yields 2000 C Br yields 1800 C Br yields 1600 C 1 10 100 1000 10000 T 1/2 (s) Br 10 8 10 7 10 6 10 5 Br 10 4 1 10 100 1000 10000 T 1/2 (s) Br yields 2000 C Br yields 1800 C Br yields 1600 C Targets tested at 3 different T: 2000 C, 1800 C and 1600 C 20 elements, about 80 isotopes collected Yield vs. half-life characterization
B 4 C for the production of Be Free C B 4 C
RIB ionization methods: Selective method Surface Ion source Very selective method Laser beam Laser with SIS Unselective method Plasma Ion source H Not extracted Surface Ionization Method 1 2 Photo Ionization Method 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Li Be B C N O F Ne Plasma Ionization Method Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe 55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn 87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Main fission (p-> 238 U) fragments He
Target and Ion Sources support ionizing cavity plate connector thermal screen Hot cavity: - Optimized for Surface Ionization (Re inner surface) - Optimized for Laser Ionization (Ta, naked)
Target and Ion Sources > The Plasma Ion Source (PIS) adopted for the SPES facility Starting configuration Hybrid MK5 (CERN) EBPIS (ORNL)
Target and Ion Sources > Emittance measurements for SIS and PIS SIS (Cs beam) PIS (Ar beam)
Laser test at LNL with excimer Aluminum ionization with a single wavelength LPX200 XeCl excimer laser Al photo ionization Pulse. 15 ns λ=308 nm Laser beam Hot Cavity Laser beam (phosphorescence on plastic dump) The laser beam shape is focalized into hot cavity of 3 mm. diameter and 6 m. far away
1 Pump Laser: Quanta System G.Y.L 101/102 Nd:YAG laser Impulse Energy up to 300mJ Repetition rate max 10Hz PAVIA Laboratory setup Complete laser photoionization system structure Since April 2010: the 3 tuneable laser are ON 3 Tuneable Dye Laser : Lambda Physik FL3002E and Lambda Physik LPD3002E Bandwidth 0,2 cm -1 Repetition rate according to pump Goal: Build up a complete 3λ ionization scheme
The target chamber handling Two systems are foreseen in order to increase the handling security level Target chamber unit Vertical device Target Front End Horizontal device
Handling system test bench at LNL Vertical test bench Horizontal test bench
Wien Filter on the FE Laboratory (New set up with mass separator May 12) Front End FC + Beam Profiler WF FC + Slit EM
The on-line Front end at LNS LNS K800 Superconducting Cyclotron For RIB production test using LNS Cyclotron Proton; E= 40 MeV I = 50 na Proton from K800 Cyclotron
Conclusion
SPES collaborations
SPES possible Schedule
Current status and overview Letters of Intent: under discussion to select first-day-exp. ISOL Target and Ion Source: working in off-line laboratory. Layout for pre-acceleration: defined. Authorizations ready for cyclotron operation. Contract for cyclotron: signed November 10, final design accepted (June 11), cyclotron under machining. Building project: ready, financed (June 12), bid on the way. Phase β and γ partially financed (July 12) Expected ground breaking Feb. 2013.
The SPES-TIS group Since 2004: 45 thesis performed in the frame of target SPES activities