What is GIS? ESRI Canada August 2011
Geography Matters! Environmental Park Management Agriculture Public Utilities Health Care Emergency 911 Real Estate Marketing
Environmental What are the effects of Global Warming?
Park Management Will the new building spoil the park scenery?
How can I improve food production? Agriculture
Public Utilities Is it safe to dig here?
Health Care What communities are at risk from disease?
Emergency 911 What is the fastest route to the hospital?
Real Estate Where is my dream home?
Marketing How can I optimize my marketing campaign?
Geography and Technology Geography affects us in many ways Our natural environment Our human environment Geography is a Hi-Tech discipline Earth Observation Global Positioning Systems (GPS) Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
Earth Observation SPOT Landsat (TM) RadarSAT NOAA ERS SPOT LANDSAT RADARSAT ERS NOAA
Earth Observation
Global Positioning Systems GPS is a revolutionary navigation System 24 satellites orbiting the earth Provide location within metres anywhere on the globe. Now available in many cars as an option
GIS Technology GIS borrows from other software technology: Relational Database Management Systems Computer Assisted Design and Graphics Software Statistical Analysis and Reporting Packages Relational Database GIS Statistical Analysis CAD Graphics
What is GIS? A Geographic Information System is a tool for Managing Analyzing Presenting Information about people, places and things.
Modeling Our World We can describe any element of our world in two ways: Location Information: Where is it? 46 N, 84 W Attribute Information: What is it? Species: Oak Height: 15m Age: 75 Yrs
GIS Links Data GIS software links the location data and the attribute data:
A GIS Represents the World... Ownership Streets Zoning Utilities Districts Environmental Incidents... as themes of information
Vector (Point, Line Polygon) GIS Data Types GIS uses wide variety of data types: CAD Raster (Images) 3D Raster (Surface) Tabular
Editing
GIS GIS use DBMS Personal DBMS Network Workgroups Enterprises
GIS Database
What is GIS? A Geographic Information System is a tool for Managing Analyzing Presenting Information about people, places and things.
GIS Data Query GIS can answer simple questions about our world Spatial Questions: What provinces border Saskatchewan? Attribute Questions: What provinces have more than 1.5 million people?
Or, GIS analysis can be more complex GIS - Analysis
Spatial Analysis Raster spatial analysis, modeling and visualization Cell modeling Multi-variable models (risk, habitat) Raster analysis Raster calculator Map algebra Compare and model many surfaces
Spatial Analysis
3D Analysis Terrain modeling, analysis and visualization Create surface models Real world - Terrain Data population, characteristics Surface analysis Cut and fill volume Synthetic world viewer View shed analysis Fly-through Visualize surfaces and terrain in 3D
3D Analysis
Network Analysis Shortest path computation and route optimization Driving directions Flow / load modeling Network trace analysis Upstream / downstream Common ancestors Natural and human networks Analysis along paths and networks
Network Analysis
Geostatistics Advanced mathematical surface modeling Exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) Statistical diagnostics Model error and uncertainty Surface prediction and analysis Create surfaces for analysis, modeling and visualization
Geostatistics
What is GIS? A Geographic Information System is a tool for Managing Analyzing Presenting Information about people, places and things.
Cartography
Reporting
Outside the Organization Access Participation Involvement Shared Virtual GIS Stakeholders
GIS on the Web
Geography Matters! To all of us!