Department of Micrometeorology

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Transcription:

Atmospheric Transport and Chemistry in Forest Ecosystems, International Conference, Castle of Thurnau, Germany, Oct 5-8, 2009 Vertical and Horizontal Transport of Energy and Matter by Coherent Motions in a Tall Spruce Canopy ANDREI SERAFIMOVICH, LUKAS SIEBICKE, TOBIAS BIERMANN, THOMAS FOKEN UNIVERSITY OF BAYREUTH, BAYCEER, DEPARTMENT OF MICROMETEOROLOGY, BAYREUTH, GERMANY

Outlook Fluxes of energy and matter Coherent structures Experiment setup and instrumentation Data acquisition Characteristics of coherent structures Coupling processes between atmosphere, canopy layers and trunk space

Vertical and Horizontal Fluxes of Energy and Matter Conservation equation for a scalar quantity c: 2 c - scalar quantity x axis in horizontal mean wind direction z vertical axis u wind velocity in x direction w wind velocity in z direction vc molecular diffusivity 2 c c c c c u w =v c 2 2 s c t x z x z Reynolds decomposition and averaging: sc source term 2 2 c c c u' c' w ' c ' c c u w =v c 2 2 s c t x z x z x z horizontal and vertical fluxes of scalar c Flux contribution of CS at different levels in the canopy Flux contribution of CS at different locations in the trunk space Coupling processes by CSs between subcanopy, canopy and atmosphere Coupling processes by CSs in horizontal direction in trunk space Intercoupling

Coherent Structures [Rummel, Amman, Meixner, 2002]

Experiment Setup M6 M2 M1 M1 M5 M7 M5,M6,M7 M2

Data Acquisition

Turbulent Fluxes QA/QC: WALDSCHRAT: Turbulence Tower fog, visibility less than 1000 m Main Tower precipitations events subsequent 30min interval for despiking test planar fit rotation time lag corrections drying of the instruments calm conditions v h 0.3m / s c disturbed wind profiles dv h 0 dz z=h c? free convection and very stable Open point stratification 1 h c L 1 incorrect data due to uncertainties in determining De N k 0.5N k 1 N k 2N k 1 Brunet & Irvine, 2000 wavelet transform event duration De conditional sampling analysis v h' w ', w ' T s ', w ' CO2 ',w ' H 2 O ' flux (coherent structures) Fcs flux (sweep phase) Fsw flux (eject phase) Fej Thomas & Foken, 2005

Temporal Scales of Coherent Structures 2.25m@TT 5.5m@TT 13m@TT 32m@MT 18m@TT 23m@TT 36m@TT

Probability Density Functions of Temporal Scales

Temporal Scales of CS in Horizontal Direction M6 M5 M6 M5 M7 M7

Flux Contribution of Coherent Structures 20.09.2007-24.09.2007

Contribution of CS to Sensible Heat Horizontal Transport @ M5 Main windstream M7 M5 20.09.2007-24.09.2007 M6

Coupling by Coherent Structures Wa Ds Dc Cs C Wa - wave motion Dc decoupled canopy Ds decoupled subcanopy Cs coupled subcanopy by sweeps C fully coupled canopy Thomas & Foken, 2007

Coupling by Coherent Structures Ch Dch vh vh y x

Intercoupling Dch Dc Ds Dc h Cs C 20.09.2007-24.09.2007 Ch Cs C

Conclusions Number of detected CSs varies with height and does not change with location in the trunk space Density of canopy and vertical dependence of LAI influence on coherent exchange Maximum occurrence of CSs at canopy level due to additional shear tearing large CSs apart Horizontal temporal scales of CSs two times longer than vertical temporal scales (20s vs. 40s) Maximum flux contribution of CSs at the canopy level, except momentum transport Sweep transparency of the canopy, ejection transparency of the atmosphere Trunk space is coupled in the direction of the main stream, particularly when subcanopy is coupled with the atmosphere through the canopy

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