CELL THEORY & CELL STRUCUTRE M R S. G R E E N

CELL THEORY & CELL STRUCUTRE M R S. G R E E N

BELL WORK What are plant cells made up of? What are animal cells made up of?

PRE-TEST I will be handing out the pre-test. My expectations are: Once the test is handed out every one is absolutely quite and respect other students who are still taking the test. No writing on my class set of the test! The purpose of a pre-test is to see what information you know and don t know about this unit. Once you have completely the test raise your hand and I will come get the test. Please sit quietly while you wait! You may color or read a book if you have one. Once everyone has finished we will start are new lesson

CELL THEORY Until the 1600 s no one knew cells existed because there was no way to see them. Around 1590, the invention of the first microscope allowed people to look at very small objects. Microscope= is an instrument that makes small objects look larger. Over the next 200 years this new technology revealed cells and led to the development of the cell theory. Cell theory= is a widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things

CELL THEORY STATES 1) All living things are composed of cells. 2) Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. 3) All cells are produced from other cells.

BELL WORK Name one structure that is in a plant cell but not an animal cell? Cell wall, chloroplast are in plants but not animals

CELL WALL & CELL MEMBRANE Cell wall=is a rigid layer that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organism, such as mushrooms. But it is not found in animal cells Cell membrane= controls which substances pass into and out of a cell. Everything a cell needs, such as food particles, water, and oxygen, enters through the cell membrane.

NUCLEUS & RIBOSOMES Nucleus= acts as a cell s control center, directing all of the cell s activities. It s a large oval structure Organelles- what cell structures are called Ribosomes= are small, grain-shaped organelles that produce proteins Proteins are important substances in cells

CYTOPLASM & MITOCHONDRIA Most of a cell consists of a thick, clear, watery, gel-like fluid called Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm fills the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus. It moves constantly within a cell carrying along the nucleus and other organelles that have specific jobs. Floating in the cytoplasm are rodshaped structures that are nicknamed the powerhouses of a cell. Mitochondria= carry out cellular respiration, releasing energy that cell can use to live and function.

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM ER= often called the ER is an organelle with a network of membranes that produces many substances.

BELL WORK Why are cells so important to life? Every living and non-living thing is made up of cells

GOLGI BODY & VACUOLE Golgi body= receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the ER, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell or to the outside of the cell. This part of the cell is thought to be the warehouse of the cell. Vacuole= stores water, food, or other materials needed by the cell. This is like a big bag that holds materials for the cell.

CHLOROPLAST & LYSOSOMES A typical plant contains green structures called chloroplast. Chloroplast= carries out photosynthesis. It captures energy from the sunlight and changes it to a form of energy cells can use in making food. Animals don t have this in their cells. In animal cells that look like a bag. Lysosomes= contain substances that break down large food particles into smaller ones. They also break down old cell parts and release the substance so it can be used again. It s like the cell s recycling center.

Smooth ER= plays different functions depending on the specific cell type including lipid and steroid hormone synthesis, breakdown of lipid-soluble toxins in liver cells, and control of calcium release in muscle cell contraction. Rough ER= appears "pebbled" by electron microscope due to the presence of numerous ribosomes on its surface. Proteins synthesized on these ribosomes collect in the endoplasmic reticulum for transport throughout the cell.

BELL WORK What is the one structure that helps plants make food?

BILL NYE VIDEO https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7bdpyzsc8mq Explaining cells Bill Nye worksheet that goes along with the video will be handed out This website will further help explain the different parts of the cell https://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm This video further explains animal cells in detail https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cj8ddthgjby This video further explains plant cells in detail https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9uvlqavcoqy

POST-TEST I will be handing out the pre-test. My expectations are: Once the test is handed out every one is absolutely quite and respect other students who are still taking the test. No writing on my class set of the test! The purpose of a pre-test is to see what information you know and don t know about this unit. Once you have completely the test raise your hand and I will come get the test. Please sit quietly while you wait! You may color or read a book if you have one. Once everyone has finished we will start are new lesson