FIŞA DISCIPLINEI UNIVERSITATEA DIN BUCUREŞTI FACULTATEA DE CHIMIE

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Denumire curs: CHIMIE TEHNOLOGICĂ Domeniul de licenta: CHIMIE Specializare: CHIMIE Tip disciplină: Obligatorie Nr. credite: 6,5 Anul de studiu: II Semestrul: IV Ciclul: Licenţă (I) Timp alocat: Curs: h x 14 săpt = 8 h Laborator: 4 h x 14.săpt = 56 h Forma verificare: Examen final 80 % Verificări pe parcurs 0 % Course name: TECHNOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY Field of study: CHEMISTRY Specialization: CHEMISTRY Course type: Compulsory ECTS: 6,5 Year of study: II Semester: IV Program: Bachelor (I) Time allocated: Course h x 14 weeks = 8 h Laboratory: 4 h x 14 weeks = 56 h Evaluation form Final examination 80 % Period aligned evaluation 0 % Cuvinte cheie Proces tehnologic. Reactoare chimice. Echilibru. Viteza procesului. Forta motrice. Conversie. Selectivitate. Randament. Materii prime. Concentrare. Purificare. Procedee de fabricare. Keywords Technological process. Chemical reactors. Equilibrium. Process rate. Driving force. Conversion Selectivity. Yield. Raw materials. Concentration. Purification. Manufacturing processes. Obiectivele Cursului Prezentarea bazelor teoretice ale proceselor tehnologice precum şi a resurselor de materii prime şi energie pentru industria chimică. Aplicarea cunoştinţelor teoretice la realizarea proceselor tehnologice. Prezentarea unor procese chimice industriale. Course Objectives Introduction to technological processes, as well as to raw materials and energy s sources for chemical industry. Application of the theoretical knowledge to the realization of the technological processes. Presentation of selected chemical processes in the large industry scale. Competenţe acordate de absolvirea cursului Cursul dă o vedere de ansamblu asupra modului de realizare a proceselor tehnologice şi dezvoltă deprinderea de a folosi cunoştinţele dobândite prin studiul disciplinelor fundamentale de chimie în vederea aplicării lor în practică. Cursul asigură însuşirea unor cunoştinţe tehnice de bază, a etapelor proceselor tehnologice şi a modului de acţiune pentru perfecţionarea unui proces tehnologic; cunoaşterea chimismului unor procese tehnologice; capacitatea de a realiza în laborator a unor instalaţii tehnologice. Competences derived from the passing of the course The course gives a broad image on the realization of the technological processes and improves the ability to use the knowledge accumulated by studying the fundamental chemistry subjects in order to be applied in practice. The course ensure the appropriation of some basic technical knowledge, of the steps of the technological processes and the manner of action for improving a technological process; the knowledge of the chemical action in some technological processes; the ability of realization at the laboratory scale of some technological installations. 1

Planul Tematic al cursului Nr. curs Tema cursului Nr. ore 1. Notiuni introductive. Etapele elementare ale procesului tehnologic. Clasificarea proceselor tehnologice. Bilant de materiale. Bilant de energie.. Reactoare chimice: notiuni fundamentale. Reactorul cu curgere ideala. Reactorul cu amestecare perfecta. Cascada de reactoare cu amestecare perfecta. Reactorul de tip batch. 3. Bazele fizico-chimice ale proceselor tehnologice. Echilibrul chimic în procese tehnologice. Calculul gradului de conversie. Echilibre in procese tehnologice reale. Calculul constantei de echilibru. 4. Echilibrul fazelor. Legea repartitiei masice. Legea fazelor. Diagrame de faza in sisteme L-S si G-L cu doua componente nemiscibile si miscibile in orice proportie. Amestecuri azeotrope. 5. Viteza proceselor tehnologice. Forta motrice. Cresterea vitezei în procesele tehnologice reale. Cresterea fortei motrice. Concentrarea materiilor prime solide. Concentrarea gravimetrica. Flotatia. 6. Concentrarea materiilor prime lichide. Evaporarea. Distilarea si rectificarea. Concentrarea materiilor prime gazoase. Absorbtia. Adsorbtia. 7. Cresterea constantei de viteza a procesului. Utilizarea catalizatorilor. Cresterea interfetei de contact in sisteme heterogene. 8. Materii prime pentru industria chimica. Industrializarea materiilor prime naturale. Chimizarea materiilor prime industriale. 9. Energia in industria chimica. Combustibili. Hidrogenul materie prima si sursa de energie. 10. Apa. Ape potabile. Ape industriale. 11. Exemple de procese tehnologice. Tehnologia amoniacului. 1. Procese in industria clorosodica. Electroliza soluţiilor apoase de clorură de sodiu. Fabricarea acidului clorhidric. 13. Rafinarea petrolului. Distilarea atmosferica. Cracarea catalitica. Reformarea catalitica. 14. Tehnologia fibrelor optice. Tehnologia fibrelor de carbon. Materiale compozite. Tehnologia compozitelor carbon-carbon. Content of the course Course Course topic no. 1. Introduction. Elementary stages of a technological process. Classification of technological processes. Material and thermal balances.. Fundamentals of chemical reactors. Ideal plug-flow reactor. Completely mixed continuous-action reactor. Cascade of completely mixed reactors. Batch reactor. 3. Physicochemical background of technological processes. Chemical equilibrium in technological processes. The degree of conversion. Equilibrium in the real conditions. Calculation of equilibrium constant. 4. Interphase equilibrium. The mass distribution law. The phase rule. Phase diagrams for L-S and G-L systems with two mutually insoluble and soluble components. Azeotropic mixtures. 5. Rate of technological processes. The process driving force. Methods for increasing the real process rate. Methods for increasing the driving force. No. of hours

Methods for concentrating solid raw materials. Gravity concentration. Flotation. 6. Methods for concentrating liquid raw materials. Evaporation. Distillation and rectification. Gas concentration methods. Absorption. Adsorption. 7. Increasing the rate constant of the process. The use of catalysts. Increasing the interface between phases in heterogeneous systems. 8. Raw materials for chemical industry. Chemical processing of natural raw materials. Chemization of industrial raw materials. 9. Energy in the chemical industry. Fuels. Hydrogen as raw material and energy source. 10. Water. Drinking water. Industrial water. 11. Selected technological processes. Ammonia synthesis. 1. Processes in chlorosodic industry. Electrolysis of aqueous solutions of sodium chloride. Manufacture of hydrochloric acid. 13. Oil refining. Atmospheric distillation. Catalytic cracking. Catalytic reforming. 14. Optical fiber technology. Carbon fiber technology. Composite materials. Carbon-carbon composite technology. Conferinţă şi discuţii. Conference and discussions. Metoda de predare a cursului Teaching Methods Prezenţa şi pregătirea pentru cursuri Prezenţa la cursuri este o condiţie esenţială a bunei desfăşurări a întregii activităţi educaţionale. Participarea studenţilor este necesară întrucât o audiere directă îi ajută la o mai bună înţelegere a noţiunilor predate, la folosirea unui vocabular adecvat, le crează posibilitatea întreţinerii unui dialog interactiv precum şi a unei integrări în disciplina universitară. Lecture Preparation and Attendance The course attendance is a necessary condition of a good evolution of whole training process. The students attendance is necessary as a direct hearing helps to understand better the topics, to use an adequate vocabulary as well as creating the possibility of keeping an interactive dialogue and of integrating in academic discipline. Asistenţă în pregătirea examenelor Pentru o bună înţelegere a materiei predate şi pentru o implicare în învăţarea treptată a acestei materii, studenţilor li se acorda consultaţii de către toate cadrele didactice implicate in predarea acestei discipline. Study Coaching For a better understanding of topics and for an involvement in graduated study of this discipline, the students can participate in tutorials given by academic staff responsible of this course. 3

Conţinutul Activităţii aplicative Nr. Tema laboratorului / seminarului Nr. ore lab. 1. Noţiuni de protecţie a muncii în laborator. Unităţi de măsură şi transformări 4 între diverse sisteme de unităţi de măsură. Calcule de indicatori de eficienţă pentru procese chimice.. Curgerea fluidelor: ecuaţia lui Bernoulli, regim de curgere, măsurarea 4 debitelor, debitmetre. 3. Distilarea fracţionată. Calculul numărului de unităţi de transfer. 4 4. Extracţia lichid-solid. Extracţia uleiurilor din seminţe oleaginoase. 4 5. Extracţia lichid-lichid. Defenolarea apelor reziduale. 4 6. Dedurizarea apelor prin metode chimice si cu schimbatori de ioni. 4 7. Obţinerea acidului fosforic. 4 8. Obţinerea bicarbonatului de sodiu prin procedeul amoniacal. 4 9. Obţinerea hidroxidului de sodiu. 4 10. Obţinerea carbonatului acid de potasiu. 4 11. Oxidarea catalitica a metanolului la formaldehidă. 4 1. Procesul de esterificare. Calculul echilibrului. 4 13. Aplicaţii de calcul în chimia tehnologică. 4 14. Test final la laborator si discutii. 4 Contents of Applied Activity Lab. Subject of the laboratory / seminar no. 1. Fundamentals concerning work safety in the laboratory. Measurement units and transformations between different measurement systems. Calculation of the efficiency indicators for chemical processes.. Fluids flow: Bernoulli s equation, flowing regime, measurement of the flow No. of hours rates, flowmeters. 3. Fractional distillation. Calculation of the number of transfer units. 4 4. Liquid-solid extraction. Oil extraction from oleaginous seeds. 4 5. Liquid-liquid extraction. Phenol removal from waste waters. 4 6. Water softening by ion exchange and chemical methods. 4 7. The manufacture of phosphoric acid. 4 8. The manufacture of sodium bicarbonate by the ammonia method. 4 9. The manufacture of sodium hydroxide. 4 10. The manufacture of potassium bicarbonate. 4 11. Catalytic oxidation of methyl alcohol to formaldehyde. 4 1. The esterification process. Equilibrium calculation. 4 13. Examples of calculations in technological chemistry. 4 14. Final lab test and discussion. 4 4 4 Sistemul de evaluare a cunoştinţelor studenţilor La sfârşitul semestrului studenţii vor susţine un examen scris si oral. Evaluation methods At the end of the semester the examination will be in two parts, written and oral. 4

Sistemul de notare Notarea se face în scara de note 1-10. Examenul se consideră promovat cu nota 5. Activitatea Tip de cerinţă % din nota % nota finală pre-examen Prezenţa la curs Obligatorie - Prezenţa la laborator Obligatorie - Activitatea la laborator Obligatorie - Teste verificare curs Optional - Test final la laborator Obligatoriu - 0 Examen scris si oral Obligatoriu - 80 Grading Grading will be between 1 and 10. The exam is considered to be graduated with grade 5. Activity Type or % of the preexam % final grade requirement grade Course attendance Compulsory - Lab attendance Compulsory - Lab activity Compulsory - Course tests Optional - Final lab test Compulsory - 0 Written and oral examination Compulsory - 80 Bibliografie selectivă Teaching and Learning Material Studenţilor li se recomandă consultarea următoarelor cărţi şi manuale, aflate în biblioteca facultăţii sau in biblioteca departamentului. The students are encouraged to further read the following references which can be found in School Library or Department Library. Nr. Bibliografie pentru Curs si Seminar crt. Bibliography for Course and Seminar 1. I.P. Mukhlyonov, Fundamentals of Chemical Technology, Mir Publishers, Moscow, 1986.. S.J.R. Simons, Concepts of Chemical Engineering 4 Chemists, RSC Publishing, Cambridge, 007. 3. R.M. Felder, R.W. Rousseau, Elementary principles of chemical processes, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 005. 4. C.G. Hill, An Introduction to Chemical Engineering Kinetics & Reactor Design, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1977. 5. E. A. Bratu, Operaţii Unitare în Ingineria Chimică, vol. I-III, Editura Tehnică, Bucureşti, 1984. 6. A. G. Kasatkin, Procese şi Aparate Principale în Tehnologia Chimică, Editura Tehnică, Bucureşti, 1963. 7. A. Urdă, E. Angelescu, I. Săndulescu, Chimie Tehnologică Generală, partea I, Editura 5

Universităţii din Bucureşti, 005. 8. N.F. Gray, Water Technology, Elsevier, 005. 9. K.H. Buchel, H.-H. Moretto, P. Woditsch, Industrial Inorganic Chemistry, Wiley VCH, Weinheim, 000. 10. J. G. Speight, The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, 006. 11. Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, vol. 1-5, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1991. 1. K.F. Pavlov, P.G. Romanov, A.A. Noskov, Procese şi Aparate în Ingineria Chimică exerciţii şi probleme, Editura Tehnică, Bucureşti, 1981. 13. F. Urseanu, C. Tărăbăşanu-Mihăilă, G. Bozga, Probleme de Chimie şi Tehnologie Chimică, Editura Tehnică, Bucureşti, 1978. Nr. Bibliografie pentru Laborator (activităţi aplicative) crt. Bibliography for Practical Works 1. A. Szabo, G. Nedelcu, E. Angelescu, Lucrări Practice de Tehnologie Chimică Generală partea I, Centrul de Multiplicare IPB, Bucureşti, 1988.. I. Săndulescu, F. Avramescu, C. Pascu, G. Linteş, Lucrări Practice de Tehnologie Chimică Generală partea II, Editura Universităţii din Bucureşti, 199. 3. I. Udrea, R. Stănescu, A. Cruceanu, Lucrări Practice de Tehnologie Chimică Generală partea III, Editura Universităţii din Bucureşti, 1993. Data: 01.10.01 DECAN Conf. Dr. Constantin Mihailciuc DIRECTOR DEPARTAMENT Prof. Dr. Vasile Parvulescu TITULAR DISCIPLINA Conf. Dr. Ioan-Cezar Marcu 6