FMOS status tt report Science workshop 2011.02.2802 28-03.0202 NAOYUKI TAMURA Subaru Instrument Astronomer Subaru Telescope, NAOJ * Overview * Recent history & current status t * Schedule & future plan * Summary
Fibre Multi Object Spectrograph @Dome 4F 2x InfraRed Spectrographs ( IRS 1 & 2 ) 0.9-1.8.8 m Cooled: ~ -55 degc OH suppression mask Low Res (R~500) & High Res (R~2200) Fibre cable - Prime focus unit (PIR) - Fibre connector - Echidna 30 FoV 400 fibers w/ 1.2 dia. ~13min configuration for ~0.2 accuracy. Subaru M1 8.2m 400 fibers in the 30 diameter FoV NIR (0.9-1.8 m) 9-18 m) m-o spectroscopy
InfraRed Spectrograph 200 fibers are fed to each spectrograph (IRS1 & IRS2). OH suppression by the mask mirror LowR : R~500 (w/ VPH), HighR : R~2200 (w/o VPH)
Observing sequence Telescope pointing, spine configuration (& focusing) Field alignment (fine tuning of pointing & rotator angle) Using SKYcamera (a small CCD camera in the Echidna Focal Plane Imager (FPI) system), take images of several bright stars ( Coordinate Calibration Star, R<15 mag) in the FMOS FoV. cf. Telescope pointing accuracy: ~ 4-5 FoV of guide fiber bundle : ~2 NOTE: Field rotation cannot be corrected by AG. Start auto guding R < 16 mag stars on the guide fiber bundles, minimum 2, but more is better! ~15 (20) minutes w/o (w/) focusing Start exposure
Fiber positioning
Fiber positioning Iterative process: Measure fiber positions & move spines. (with back illumination + spine camera) Echidna Fibre tip at Prime Focus Back illumination Spine camera Focal Plane Imager Sky camera Spines move, and then FPI scans the FoV to check fiber positions = 1 iteration From fibre From M1
Fiber positioning accuracy Positioning accuracy ~ 0.2 in rms (including errors in astrometry, model of field distortion & time variation, and Echidna mechanical) Measured using SKYcamera first, and later confirmed using the science fibers by rastering the telescope.
Overhead, total observing time ~ 20 minutes before starting first exposure. Since the optical axis of M1 (and corrector) is slightly mis- aligned with rotator axis, the field distortion pattern on the focal plane rotates as the instrument rotates, and fibers are offset from objects after a while. Small corrections are applied to fiber positions every ~30 min (i.e. one set of beam switching ~ 15 min x 2), taking ~10 minutes to start next exposure. E.g.: 3 hrs integration with a certain fiber configuration: 20min + (30 + 10)min x 6 = 260min Overhead = (260 180) 260 x 100 = 30.7 % (40% is the current official announcement.)
Fibre Auto Guiding (AG) - Already operational. - Long exposures have been successful with AG. ~ 2.5 7 fibres consist of a guide fibre bundle. 400 science fibres populated within this 30 diameter FoV 14 fibre bundles for AG (7 at one side) R 16.5 mag have been used for AG (although the limit depends on weather & seeing) Snapshots of guide stars on guide fibre bundles
Typical error: 0.1-0.2 arcsec
One way to summarize the status Multi-phase phase all apply! Operation (Open use & GTO from S10A) IRS1 LR only in S10A & B, IRS1&2 LR in S11A. Prep for observation & user support Commissioning IRS2 High Resolution mode Stabilization Maintenance, trouble-shooting Clean-up, simplification U d ( t HDD i t Upgrade (e.g. computars, HDDs, environment monitoring), fine-tuning (e.g. optical alignment)
Recent history 2009.12, 2010.02 02 & 04 Engineering observation Performance verification by observing bright stars in open clusters & doing long integration of faint galaxies. Echidna operation software bug-fix & parameter optimization IRS1 spectrograph chiller upgraded. IRS2 low background level confirmed. IRS2 detector stabilized with an anomaly component 2010.05-06 S10A open-use observation & GTO. Confirmed IRS2 detector anomaly subtracted well. 2010.07-0907 09 Telescope down time, engineering observation IRS1 detector tilt stage repair IRS1 slit stage movement mechanism maintenance IRS1 mask mirror holder upgrade IRS1 spectrograph vibration suppression Echidna softwares (operation, spine allocation) bug-fix & upgrade 2010.11-12 S10B open-use observation & GTO.
FMOS observation in S10A & S10B [IRS1 LR only, shared-risk risk mode] Overall, successful. 2010.05-0605-06 4 programs (all two nights) [3 extragalactic, 1 Galactic] (Engineering: g 2 nights, GTO: 2 nights) IRS1 spectrograph vibration Jitter of spectra on the detector Well suppressed now. Trouble in time generator of telescope system (6/26-27) IRS1 detector noise increased temporarily (6/3, 11/23). The locking mechanism of a spectrograph-side side fiber connector broke in an instrument exchange. A damaged conduit of fiber cables was also found. Both repaired in the 1 st week of Nov 2010. 2010.09 (Engineering: 2 nights) 2010.11-12 6 programs [5 extragalactic, 1 Galactic] (1 x 3 nights, 3 x 2 nights, 2 x 1 night) (Engineering: 2 nights, GTO: 8 nights)
Data 15 min exposure ramp sampling image by IRS1. Left: J-band Right: H-band The gap in the middle is due to fiber slit (no light comes through). There are 4 glows at the readout ports.
Data 2 frames taken with the same exp. time & the telescope dithered and one is subtracted from another. This data is an image after this subtraction. Since this is from Cross Beam Switching, a few pairs of positive and negative spectra from single bright objects are visible. Residual sky is subtracted by a way like skysub for long-slit data after fiber extraction.
Data SXDS, Crossbeams switching, 4.5hron on source with IRS1, LR [GTO, Nov 2010] The image shown here is that after data reduction and stacking several frames (still fluxuncalibrated). Fiber array Data reduction & calibration is performed in parallel to the observation using a reduction package developed by Iwamuro-san (Kyoto Univ.). 0.9 m 1.8 m
Softwares & tools Spine-to-Object (S2O) allocation software Output file (*.s2o) is input to the Echidna instrument control system. Latest version (Linux & Mac OS X) can be downloaded from the Subaru FMOS web site. Developed by AAO.
Data reduction package Software & tools FI F.I. DR [tentative name] - Developed by DR. F. Iwamoro (Kyoto Univ.) - IRAF, CFITSIO & C scripts from command line - Data reduction & calibrations (wavelength & flux) - Has been tested in engineering observations & GTO (optimization o & upgrade is still on-going). g) Still in process of bug-fix, upgrade, & verification, but complete for IRS1 LR (nearly for IRS2 LR). HR is still in progress. - Distributed to open-use observers since S10A. Refer to Kawate-san talk, Iwamuro-san s talk for details
Softwares & tools Spectral simulator (on the Subaru web site FMOS section) www.naoj.org/observing/instruments/fmos/simulator.html Simulated Noise Template S/N
Sensitivity http://www.naoj.org/observing/instruments/fmos/performance.html org/observing/instruments/fmos/performance html Low Res. Separating Ha, [NII] Per emission line High Res.
100 S/N [1 1hr, per emission line] 10 5 (K. Yabe, M. Sumiyoshi) 10-16 10-15 10-17 (correction for point Emission line flux [erg cm -2 s -1 ] source is applied)
S11A observation IRS1 & IRS2 LR only Shared-risk mode S11B observation LR (IRS1 & IRS2) HR (IRS1 only) Schedule & future plan Sensitivity to emission lines is expected ~2x higher than LR due to the higher throughput (NOTE: Not much HR data yet, so the number is subject to change in future). Less sensitive to continuum due to the higher resolution. Choice of coverage: J-short, J-long, H-short, H-long. Restriction: No obs. mode change during anight. Shared-risk mode
Schedule & future plan To optimize/enhance/stabilize the instrument performance: Readiness, throughput,fiber positioning, guiding, overhead reduction Engineering work items IRS2 New thermal-cut filter (better cutoff at >1.9 m) Optical alignment IRS1 and/or IRS2 Testing spare VPH gratings Better throughput h in LR?? Echidna, observing sequence Auto-guiding occasionally shows unusual behavior Testing less often spine re-configuration: Reduction of overhead vs. flux loss from fibers Upgrade the 1 st grating? Mosaiced monolithic, 1.4 m blaze 1.2 m New Hawaii-2 array (observatory s spare) Better QE (IRS1)? Insiginificant reset anomaly (IRS2)?
Summary Open-use observation started t with IRS1 LR in S10A & B, with IRS1 & IRS2 LR in S11A. The instrument t is still on the way from commissioning i i to stable operation. S10A and S10B observation want well overall with no serious troubles during the nights. IRS2 LR will be available from S11A. IRS1 HR will also join from S11B. Working on outstanding t items to stabilize & enhance the instrument performance. Visit the web site for more details: http://www.naoj.org/observing/instruments/fmos/index.html
Kimura et al. (2010) (1 st grating, data sheet) (Moritani)