18 1 2010 2 Chinese Journal of Management Science :1003-207 (2010) 01-0026 - 07 18, No. 1 Vol. Feb., 2010 : 1,2 (11, 400020 ; 21, 400716) : DEA - TOBIT,1993-2007 ;, ; TOBIT,, : ; ; DEA ; TOBIT : F81217 ; C931 :A 1, (De Borger, Kerstens, Moes2 en Vanneste, 1994 ; De Borger, Kerstens, 1996 ; At hanassopoulos Triantis, 1998 ; Afonso, Schuknecht Tanzi, 2005 ; Afonso Fernandes, 2005 ; Angelopoulos, Philippopoulos Tsionas, 2008 ; Borge, Falch Tovmo, 2008 ; Angelopou2 los, Philippopoulos Tsionas, 2008 ;,,2008 ;,,,2008),( Gupta, Verhoeven, 1999 ; Afonso, Aubyn, 2006 ) ( Hsu Hsueh,2008) ( Prieto Zofio,2001),, (2004) (2008) (2006) 1995-2004 (2008), DEA,(2008), 16 () 50 2006, (2008) D EA X - ( :2009-07 - 29 ; :2010-01 - 05 : (09XJ Y023) : (1976 - ),( ),,,, : 1 ), (10 ), ( ), (2008) DEA 14 () 2005,To2 bit,,,, 4, 300 2000 ( ) 4,,,
1 :: 27,,,,,,,D EA - TOBIT,,, 2 ( Performance) ( Efficiency) Samuelson,,, (allocative efficiency),,,,, 1,,,,,, 2. 1, :, ;,, ;,, (,1999),,, 1,, 50, Malmquist,, 1 2. 2, ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ), () () ( ),,,,,
28 2010,,,, 26,,, 3 DEA - TOBIT (DEA),,,,, DEA,,( Far2,,pech > 1,, ;pech = 1,;pech < 1,, rell,1957 [14 ] ;Charnes, Cooper, Rhodes, 1978 [15 ] ) D EA,,,,,,,, D EA 0,, Caves, Christensen, Diewert 1,(OL S) (1982) [16 ] Fare. Grosskopf, Lindgren Ross,Tobit (1992) [17 ] Malmquist ( MPI) : 01, M ( y t + 1, x t + 1, y t, x t) = D t ( x t + 1, y t + 1 ) D t + 1 ( x t + 1, y t + 1 ) D t ( x t, y t) D t + 1 ( x t, y t) : M ( y t + 1, x t + 1, y t, x t ) Malmquist,t t + 1 ; D t ( x t + 1, y t + 1 ) t ( t ) t + 1 ; D t ( x t, y t) t ; D t+1 ( x t+1, y t+1 ) t + 1 (t + 1 ) ; D t+1 ( x t, y t) t + 1 t Malmquist, M o ( X t + 1, Y t + 1, X t, Y t ) = effch techch = pech sech techch,effch, techch,pech, sech 1,,, 1,, Malmquist D EA (,1995 [18 ] ),, : Y i 3 = 1 + 2 X i + i, i = 1,2,, n Y i Y i 3, OL S,, Tobit i 4 DEA 1997,,,,
1 :: 29 29,,, 2000,,, Malmquist,, DEA P2. 1 : 4. 1 (,, ), 1, 10 1,, 0. 5, X -,1993-2007,,, 0. 7 0. 8,, 0. 4 0. 6, 1996 1997,, :,, 4. 2,,1993-2007,, 4. 3 Mal2 mquist,1993-2007 Malmquist 1, 1993-2007,, 2002 Malmquist : 1993-2002, Malmquist 1, Malmquist 1, ;2002-2007,, Malmquist 1, Malmquist 1, 2002,,, ;,, ;,, 5 TOBIT,,,, ;, ;,,
30 2010 ;,,, ;,,, : (L F TZ),, (J YNX),, (LJ DL), (CZHL),, ( ZYZF),, 5,,, STA TA10. 0,1994-2006 ( 2007,,) ( ) TOBIT,: (1),, 100, VRS 0. 01 0. 06 0. 02,,,, (2),,, VRS 0. 01 0. 019 0. 012 0. 022,,, (3),,,,,,,,, 1 TOBIT J YNX L FTZ LJDL CZHL 0. 0841 0. 0001 -. 0100 0. 0621 0. 0846-0. 0186 0. 0006-0. 0124 ( 3 3 ) 0. 0002-0. 0215 ( 3 3 ) : 3 3 3 p < 0. 01 ; 3 3 p < 0. 05 ; 3 p < 0. 1 _u _e 0. 2957 0. 1437 0. 8090 13. 7511 0. 1871 0. 1054 0. 7697 82. 6176 0. 2231 0. 2050 0. 5423-18. 4275 0. 2273 0. 1719 0. 6362-17. 4419
1 :: 31 (4),,,, (5), 6,1993-2007, :,,1993-2007,,,,,,,,,,, : [1 ] De Borger, B., Kerstens, K., Moesen, W.,Vanneste, J.. Explaining differences in productive efficiency : An application to Belgian Municipalities[J ]. Public Choice, 1994, 80 (3/ 4) : 339-358. [ 2 ] De Borger, B., Kerstens, K.. Cost efficiency of Belgian local government s : A comparative analysis of FD H, DEA, and econometric approaches[j ]. Regional Science and Urban Economics,1996a, 26 : 145-170. [ 3 ] Athanassopoulos, A., Triantis, K.. Assessing aggre2 gate cost efficiency and the related policy implications for Greek local municipalities [ J ]. IN FOR, 1998, 36 (3) : 66-83. [ 4 ] Afonso, Fernandes. Assessing and explaining the rela2 tive efficiency of local government : Evidence for the Portuguese Municipalities[ R]. ISEG economics working paper, 2005. [ 5 ] Afonso, Schuknecht, Tanzi. Public sector efficiency : An international comparison[j ]. Public Choice, 123. [ 6 ] Angelopoulos, K., Philippopoulos, A., Tsionas, E.. Does public sector efficiency matter? Revisiting the rela2 tion between fiscal size and economic growth in a world sample[j ]. Public Choice, 2008, 137 : 245-278. [7 ] Borge,L. E., Falch, T., Tovmo, P.. Public sector ef2 ficiency : The roles of political and budgetary institu2 tions, fiscal capacity, and democratic participation [J ]. Public Choice, 2008, 136 : 475-495. [ 8 ] Hauner, D.. Explaining differences in public sector effi2 ciency : Evidence from Russia s regions[j ]. World De2 velopment, 2008, 36 (10) : 1745-1765. [9 ], 1 : 1978 2005[J ]1,2008, (4) :65-78. [10 ],, 1 () DEA [J ]1,2008, (11) :62-731 [ 11 ], 1 DEA [J ]1,2006, (9) :37-401 [12 ], 1 [J ]1,2008, (4) :82-891 [13 ] 1 DEA - TOBIT [J ]1,2008, (9) :52-621 [ 14 ] Farrell, M. J.. The measurement of productive effi2 ciency[j ]. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Se2 ries A,1957, 120, (3) : 253 281. [15 ] Charnes, A., Cooper, W. W., Rhodes, E.. Measuring the Efficiency of Decision Making Units [ J ]. European Journal of Operational Research, 1978, 2 : 429 444. [16 ] Caves, D. W., Christensen, L. R., Diewert, W. E.. The economic theory of index numbers and the meas2 urement of input,output, and productivity [J ]. Econ2 ometrica, 1982, 50 (6) :1393-1414. [17 ] Fare, R., Grosskopf, S., Lindgren, B., Ross, P.. Productivity changes in swedish pharmacies 1980 1989 : A non - parametric malmquist approach [ J ]. Journal of Productivity Analysis,1992, 3 :85-101. [18 ],1 [J ]1,1995, (7) :30-371
32 2010 An Evaluation on Allocation Perf ormance of Regional Fiscal Support to Agriculture Since from the Chinese Ref orm of Tax Distribution System :From Prospect of Grade WANG Sheng 1,2 (1. Chongqing Acodemy of Social Science, Chongqing 400020, China ; 2. College of Economics and Management, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China) Abstract : Based on the t heoretical f ramework to evaluate the performance, t his paper analyzes t he alloca2 tion performance of regional fiscal support to agriculture, from 1993 to 2007, with t he method of Data En2 velop ment Analysis (D EA). The V RS technical efficiency of regio nal fiscal support to agricult ure show s t hat t he DMU Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Henan are always at the frontier and f ully efficiencty, while t he DMU Inner Mongolia, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Shanxi and Heilongjiang are far f rom t he f rontier and inefficient. Regionally, the efficiency of western region is lower than t hat of t he eastern, middle and natio nal average level. The Malmquist Index shows t hat t he allocatio n performance of regio nal fiscal sup2 port to agricult ure improved in an overall level. The paper proves t hat t he degree of urbanization is an im2 portant exogenous factor which impact s t he efficiency of regional fiscal support to agricult ure in every re2 gion, and has t he biggest contribution to Middle area. The invest ment in fixed asset s of rural households, t he level of agricult ural mechanization and t he education period of rural labors also have significant effect s on t he efficiency of some particular area. Key words : Chinese sub - national fiscal expendit ure to agricult ure ; performance ; D EA ; TOBIT