Midterm Study Guide Name 7 th Grade PSI Major Concepts 1. What is an atom? 2. What is a molecule? 3. What is an element? 4. What is a compound? 5. What are physical properties? Describe a few examples. 6. What are chemical properties? Describe a few examples. 7. What is the difference between solids, liquids, and gases in terms of volume, shape and their particles? 8. How is a crystal different from a solid made of individual molecules? 9. List and describe the six major phase changes. 10. What causes a phase change? 11. How is a chemical change different from a physical change at the molecular level? 12. Define the Law of Conservation of Mass. 13. What is an endothermic process? Provide an example. 14. What is an exothermic process? Provide an example. 15. Define heat. 16. Define temperature. 17. What is the scientific method and how is it used? 18. What happens when an experiment does not give the expected result? 19. What are cells? 20. What is the difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? 21. What is the difference between unicellular and multicellular? 22. What is the function of the cell membrane? 23. Describe what tissues within the body are. What are some examples? 24. Describe what organs within the body are. What are some examples? 25. What is an organ system within the body? 26. What are some examples of organ systems within the body? 27. What are your five senses? 28. How is information sent from sense receptors to the brain? 29. What is photosynthesis and what is it used for? 30. List the raw materials needed for photosynthesis to occur. 31. What are the products of photosynthesis? 32. Briefly describe how digestion works. 33. What is cellular respiration and what is it used for? 34. List the raw materials needed for cellular respiration to occur. 35. What are the products of cellular respiration?
Multiple Choice: 1. Which compound below contains the most atoms? a. H2O b. C6H12O6 c. HC2H3O2 d. They all contain the same amount. 2. Which of the following is a chemical property? a. Color b. Shape c. Flammability d. Both a and b 3. Why do solids have a fixed shape? a. They have a lot of energy. b. They are always one large crystal structure. c. The molecules are not free to move around. d. There is a large amount of empty space between the molecules. 4. What phase of matter has the most space between its molecules? a. Gas b. Liquid c. Solid d. They all have the same spacing. 5. Which of the following is not a phase of matter? a) gas b) liquid c) plasma d) crystal 6. As energy is subtracted from a liquid and the space between molecules changes, what phase change is most likely to occur? a. evaporation b. condensation c. freezing d. melting
7. Which of the following is a chemical reaction? a. Cutting paper in half b. Burning paper c. Melting ice d. Melting chocolate 8. Chemical equations should be balanced due to. a. Conservation of Energy b. Conservation of Momentum c. Conservation of Mass d. Conservation of Phase 9. Which has more stored energy during an EXOTHERMIC reaction? a. The reactants b. The products c. The reactants and products have equal energies. d. Impossible to tell 10. Which of the following best describes when heat transfer between objects stops? a. Heat flows until temperatures are equal. b. Heat flows until thermal energies are equal. c. Cold flows until temperatures are equal. d. Cold flows until temperatures are reversed. 11. Which of the following is not a type of energy? a. Kinetic b. Elastic Potential c. Chemical potential d. Temperature 12. Which of the following phase change requires energy to be RELEASED? a. Melting b. Boiling c. Sublimation d. Deposition
13. Which of the following phase change is endothermic? a. Freezing b. Deposition c. Melting d. Condensation 14. Which of the following is NOT a unicellular organism and is NOT considered to be alive? a. Fungus b. Bacteria c. Flower d. Virus 15. What serves as the boundary for a cell that controls what leaves and enters the cell? a. Nucleus b. Cell Membrane c. Mitochondria d. Bacteria 16. Which of the following is not found in unicellular organisms? a. DNA b. Tissue c. Cytoplasm d. Mitochondria 17. What sends signals to the brain in response to a stimulus? a. Sense receptors b. bone c. blood d. cell nucleus 18. What is the primary function of the skeletal system? a. Supports and maintains internal structure of all muscles b. Supports external contractions and prevents movement c. Promotes food movement in gut, locomotion, and heat production d. Give body shape and protects internal organs e.
19. Sugars are the product of what process? a. cellular respiration b. photosynthesis c. mitosis d. anaerobic respiration 20. Which of the following is needed for cellular respiration? a. water b. oxygen c. carbon dioxide d. light 21. Photosynthesis is an example of which of the following? a. Physical change b. Endothermic reaction c. Exothermic reaction d. Reversible reaction 22. Calories measure the amount of what stored in food? a. Vitamins b. Minerals c. Water d. Energy 23. Cellular respiration requires and produces. a. Oxygen, carbon dioxide b. Light, oxygen c. Carbon dioxide, water d. Carbon dioxide, light 24. Photosynthesis requires and produces. a. Oxygen, light b. Light, oxygen c. Oxygen, water d. Carbon dioxide, oxygen
25. Why does photosynthesis require light to occur? a. Cellular respiration produces light. b. Light adds energy and photosynthesis is endothermic. c. Light adds energy and photosynthesis is exothermic. d. Photosynthesis produces light. Free Response 1) 18.35 cm 3 of a metal has a mass of 121 grams. What is its density? Will it float in water? 2) A compound has a melting point of -25 C and a boiling point of 0 C. Would it be a solid, liquid or gas at room temperature (20 C)? Explain your answer. 3) What role do observations play in determining if a change has occurred? 4) Draw an energy diagram for an exothermic reaction. 5) How do phase changes help show the difference between thermal energy and temperature? 6) Describe how plants obtain the raw materials of photosynthesis. 7) Describe how organisms obtain the raw materials of cellular respiration. 8) Describe how organisms can release energy without using cellular respiration. 9) What are the four characteristics of living things? 10) Describe the function of the following structures: a) Plasma membrane b) Cytosol c) Ribosomes d) Nucleus e) Golgi apparatus f) Endoplasmic reticulum g) Lysosomes h) Mitochondria i) Vacuole j) Cell wall k) Chloroplast 11) List the functions of the following organ systems: a) Digestive b) Circulatory c) Skeletal d) Muscular e) Respiratory 12) You accidently touch a hot stove. Describe the process that occurs in your nervous system that results in you pulling your hand away.