Scien&fic Revolu&on A Discovery Centers Ac&vity & Game Card Review Set up the Before and AJer Cards around the room or pass them from table group to table group. Allow students to work together in reading, evalua&ng, and reviewing the informa&on and contribu&ons discussed in each card set. Encourage them to discuss the before and ajer, and to examine the impact on our modern world. Review the ac&vity with the wrap- up ques&ons, and also allow students to learn the content through playing with the game cards to match them appropriately. A Michele Luck Crea&on! Available at hbp://www.teacherspayteachers.com/store/michele- Lucks- Social- Studies
Scien&fic Revolu&on Before the Scien&fic Revolu&on, people followed the rules of the Catholic Church without ques&on. The church declared that God created the Earth and that he controlled all things on the Earth. LiJ this card to see how things changed in the 1600s as a result of scien&fic thought!
Science was defined by the Scien&fic Revolu&on and the church was no longer in control of all things on the Earth. Through the Middle Ages, people believed that God, magic, or mys&cism created and maintained the Earth and human existence, but new thinkers in the 16 th and 17 th Centuries began to ques&on the old ways. These scien&fic thinkers would bring about a Scien&fic Revolu&on in which they ques&oned everything, including the church and its absolute authority. One of the greatest controversies was about the shape of the Earth. The church had taught that it was the center of the universe and that in God s crea&on it was made flat to serve the people. Scien&sts began to doubt this fact, and this brought condemna&on from the church against those first scien&fic thinkers. As the revolu&on spread and took hold across Europe and into the new lands conquered by the Europeans, changes would take place in what people believed, advancements would come in mathema&cs and science, and new ways of thinking would change the academic world from one of acceptance to one of constant inquiry.
Before The Ptolemy Map of the Flat Earth was the norm belief before the Scien&fic Revolu&on. The Catholic Church supported this as God s crea&on and as Earth being the center of the universe. LiJ this card to see the changes in the Scien&fic Revolu&on!
The World A?er Nicholas Copernicus lived much of his life knowing that the Earth was round and that it was not the center of the universe, however, he feared the consequences of his knowledge in the hands of the church. Due to this very wise fear, he lived in silence, and only published his theories just before his death. S&ll, his studies set the founda&on for all of the others to come. Before Copernicus, the Geocentric Theory ruled that the Earth was the center of the Universe. Copernicus claimed that the Sun was the center and that the Earth rotated on an axis around the Sun. His Heliocentric Theory was only a hypothesis at the &me, but others used mathema&cal and scien&fic proof to show that Copernicus was right all along. To know that we know what we know, and to know that we do not know what we do not know, that is true knowledge. I can easily conceive, most Holy Father, that as soon as some people learn that in this book which I have wriben concerning the revolu&ons of the heavenly bodies, I ascribe certain mo&ons to the Earth, they will cry out at once that I and my theory should be rejected.
Before With the flat view of the Earth, the Church taught that all things were centered in the Earth based on God s plan. This belief lej many, including explorers believing they could fall off the edge of the Earth if they travelled too far. LiJ this card to see the impact of the Scien&fic Revolu&on!
The Solar System A?er With the theories of Nicolas Copernicus, Johannes Kepler used Mathema&cal formulas to further conclude that the Sun was the center of the universe and that the Earth, and the other planets, moved in ellipses around the Sun. Following Kepler, Galileo Galilei built a giant telescope to inves&gate the theories. He monitored moons moving around different planets, and concluded that the system moved around the Sun, as Copernicus suspected. He published his conclusions in a book for others to study, but the Catholic Church banned the book and demanded that Galileo refute his findings or be further persecuted. He spent the rest of his life hidden away, but s&ll helping to study and document the many laws of Physics s&ll studied in modern &mes. I demonstrate by means of philosophy that the earth is round, and is inhabited on all sides; that it is insignificantly small, and is borne through the stars. - Johannes Kepler All truths are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them. - Galileo
Before The Catholic Church of Europe was the end all for any ques&ons anyone had on any subject. God was the creator and willed his desires and demands on the people of the Earth. Inves&ga&on and inquiry was not needed in the Middle Ages. Everything was simply the will of God. LiJ this page to see the changes with the Scien&fic Revolu&on!
A New Scien&fic Method Two philosophers in Europe felt that claims without factual, evidence- based support were not valid claims. They each made their own contribu&ons to the scien&fic world to counter this problem. Francis Bacon introduced the Scien&fic Method. Through this step- by- step method, scien&sts could inves&gate, study, experiment and make conclusions on their theories, proving them with support. Rene Descartes, who was a French philosopher, added that truth must be reached through reason instead of blind faith. Through the use of mathema&cs, specifically his analy&cal geometry, and his ideas published in his book, Discourse on Method. I think; therefore I am. - Rene Descartes Who ques&ons much, shall learn much, and retain much. - Francis Bacon
Before Before the Scien&fic Revolu&on, logic and reason were not considered. Ques&ons were ojen lej unanswered or were discarded as all things being acts of God. As the plague and other horrific events devastated Europe, things would have to change. People started wan&ng answers to their ques&ons about the world. LiJ this card to see the changes as a result of the Scien&fic Revolu&on!
A whole New Universe Isaac Newton s theories on gravity and other concepts opened up many doors in the Scien&fic world. His understanding and explana&ons on gravity not only confirmed the theorist that had come and gone before him, but it also explained the forces that control the universe and the world to come. Through the development of Calculus, Newton confirmed that gravity holds everything on the Earth, and it holds the en&re Solar System together. More importantly, Newton s theories and findings stressed the importance of scien&fic inves&ga&on, ques&oning, and mathema&cal proof in sebling the ques&ons of the world. To every ac&on there is always opposed an equal reac&on.
Before Very lible was known on the human anatomy and health care before the Scien&fic Revolu&on. Medical situa&ons were ojen discounted as punishments by God, or natural remedies were provided by care- givers in an abempt to solve simple medical issues. LiJ this card to see what would change with the Scien&fic Revolu&on!
Medicine A?er Andreas Vesalius refused to accept the ancient Roman findings on the human body and the study of medicine and worked to research for himself in this area in the mid 1500s. Viola&ng long- standing laws about human dissec&on, he went on to discover and validate his findings about the human anatomy. William Harvey came along in the 1600s to discover how blood circulates through the human body, including the pumping of the blood through the heart and its return through the veins. Robert Hooke added to the medical discoveries with his iden&fica&on of the cell. With the newly invented microscope, this discovery would lead to many further advancements in medical science. I am not accustomed to saying anything with certainty ajer only one or two observa&ons. Andreas Vesalius
Before Since ancient &mes, most people believes that there were only 4 elements of the world: Earth, Fire, Water, and Air. All maber was made up of these elements and no one thought to ques&on if elements could be combined, broken down, or further inves&gated. Life this card to see how ideas changed during the Scien&fic Revolu&on!
Chemistry: All New Elements Beginning with the defini&on as an element as a material that cannot be broken down, Robert Boyle started a quest to prove that the air was made up of many elements. While he did not make incredible advancements in the 1600s on this theory, he was followed by Joseph Priestly in the late 1700s. Priestly discovered the existence of oxygen and the proper&es of carbon dioxide. Through his research came the inven&on of carbonated beverages! Antoine and Marie Lavoisier further concluded that oxygen is consumed in the burning process, and developed the theories on combus&on. These basic understandings helped to open many doors for the scien&sts of the next genera&ons. I consider nature a vast chemical laboratory in which all kinds of composi&on and decomposi&ons are formed. - Antoine Lavoisier
Scien&fic Revolu&on Notes Record the informa&on from each center you visit. What was Europe like before and ajer each advancement? Who was significant in bringing change? How did it impact the future in Science and the world? Before A?er
Scien&fic Revolu&on Wrap- Up 1. Who do you think was most significant in bringing change in the area of Science? Why? 2. Explain the major changes that occurred as a result of the Scien&fic Revolu&on? How do you think this changed Europe? 3. What ideas introduced during the Scien&fic Revolu&on do you feel are most significant in today s science? Why? 4. Describe how each scien&st added to the ideas of those before him. How did they influence future scien&sts? 5. Which world do you think was beber to live in: Before the Scien&fic Revolu&on or AJer? Give specific reasons for your choice.
Matching People Card Game Cut & Mix! Nicholas Copernicus First to believe that the world was round Believed Earth rotated on an axis Believed the Sun was at the center of the universe Worked in privacy to avoid persecu&on by the Catholic Church
Matching People Card Game Cut & Mix! Johannes Kepler Mathema&cian who studied the planets Believed in using mathema&cal concepts to prove scien&fic theories Used math to show that the planets revolved around the Sun
Matching People Card Game Cut & Mix! Galileo Galilei Built telescope to study the starts and universe Discovered that moons move around planets Confirmed Copernicus Heliocentric Theory Refuted his findings to protect himself from the Catholic Church s persecu&on
Matching People Card Game Cut & Mix! Francis Bacon English philosopher who studied astronomy Believed truth came from inves&ga&on Thought evidence must confirm hypotheses Developed Scien&fic Method
Matching People Card Game Cut & Mix! Rene Descartes French philosopher and mathema&cian Believed truth came from reason Invented analy&cal Geometry Wrote Discourse on Method I think, therefore I am.
Matching People Card Game Cut & Mix! Isaac Newton Studied mathema&cs, science and Scien&fic Method Published theories on gravity and force Developed Calculus to prove force theories Considered groundbreaking in Physics
Matching People Card Game Cut & Mix! Andreas Vesalius Violated long- standing laws about dissec&ng humans to learn more Studied the human body to understand anatomy Wrote On the Structure of the Human Body
Matching People Card Game Cut & Mix! William Harvey Studied how blood circulates through the human body Inves&gated the purpose of the heart and veins Opened doors for future understanding on the importance of the heart and circula&on
Matching People Card Game Cut & Mix! Robert Hooke Further studied biology Discovered the cell in vegetable &ssue Applied his cell studies to human biology Made advancements for the study of cells in the transmission of disease
Matching People Card Game Cut & Mix! Robert Boyle Proved air was a compound element Defined an element as a material that cannot be broken down Concluded that air was more complex
Matching People Card Game Cut & Mix! Joseph Priestley Iden&fied the presence of oxygen in the air Studied the proper&es of carbon dioxide Invented carbonated beverages the soda!
Matching People Card Game Cut & Mix! Antoine & Marie Lavoisier Further studied the proper&es of air Inves&gated the use of oxygen in combus&on Marie translated many works from La&n to make more knowledge available