A vanadium(iv) pyrazolate metal organic polyhedron with permanent porosity and adsorption selectivity

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Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Electronic supporting Information A vanadium(iv) pyrazolate metal organic polyhedron with permanent porosity and adsorption selectivity A. W. Augustyniak, a M. Fandzloch, b M. Domingo, c I. Łakomska b and J. A. R. Navarro c a) Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, Batystowa 1B, 02-835 Warsaw, Poland adam.augustyniak1@gmail.com b) Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland c) Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Granada, Av. Fuentenueva S/N, 18071 Granada, Spain jarn@ugr.es

Experimental Section Materials and methods All materials including solvents were obtained from commercial sources, were of reagent grade and were used without further purification. Infrared (IR) spectra were acquired in transmission mode on a ATR unit (Diamond) spectrometer. Elemental analyses were carried out on a METTLER M-3Analyzer. EPR spectra were acquired in Bruker ELEXSYS E500 CW-EPR spectrometer. Microwaves frequencies: X-band (about 9.5 GHz with Frequency counter E 41 FC). Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) were performed, under either nitrogen or a reactive air atmosphere, on a Shimadzu-TGA-50H equipment, at a heating rate of 20 C min 1. X-ray Powder Diffraction Structural Analysis (XRPD): except for the structural analysis, all the X-ray powder diffraction data were acquired on a D2 PHASER Bruker AXS diffractometer using CuK radiation ( = 1.5418 Å). X-ray Crystallography: the crystal structure of 1 was measured at room temperature on a Bruker Apex instrument using λmokα = 0.71073 Å radiation, for details see Table S1. Gas Adsorption Measurements conventional adsorption isotherms were measured using a Micromeritics Tristar 3000 volumetric instrument under continuous adsorption conditions. Brunauer Emmet Teller (BET) and Langmuir analyses were carried out to determine the total specific surface areas for the N 2 isotherms at 77 K. In addition, CO 2 isotherms at 273 K were measured to evaluate the micropore region by means of the Dubinin Radushkevich equation (Table 2). Prior to measurement, powdered samples were heated at 453 K for 12 h and outgassed to 10 6 Torr. Dynamic Gas Adsorption experiments: A 15 cm long glass tube with an inner diameter of 5 mm was packed with 0.35 g of 1 and subsequently was activated under a pure He flow (20 ml min 1 ) at 423 K for 24 h and then used for evaluating the CO 2 /N 2 separation performances of the materials. The desired gas mixture (10 ml min 1 ) was prepared via mass flow controllers. For instance, CO 2 /N 2 (0.14:0.86) mixtures were prepared

to simulate the emission of flue gas from a power plant employing 1.4 ml min 1 of CO 2 and 8.6 ml min -1 of N 2 flows, and the breakthrough experiments were carried out at 273, K by step changes from He to CO 2 /N 2 flow mixtures. In the case of cyclohexane/benzene separation a mixture of cyclohexane (2 L)/benzene (2 L)/methane (0.1 ml) was injected into a pure He flow (20 ml min 1 ) and the mixture elution was analyzed by means of a Mass Spectrometer (Omnistar). The interaction of methane was considered negligible and taken as reference. Synthesis of ligand The 1,4-bis(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)benzene ligand (H 2 BDP) was prepared as described in the literature. 1 Synthesis of [V 3 (μ 3 -O)O(OH) 2 (BPD) 1,5 (HCOO) 3 ] 1 A mixture of VCl 3 (200 mg, 1.27 mmol) and 1,4-bi(1Hpyrazol-4-yl)benzene (134 mg, 0.64 mmol) in DMF (10 ml) was placed in a teflon line (20 ml), heated to 150 C and held at this temperature for 24 h as shown in Scheme S1. The reaction mixture was slowly cooled to obtain a brown crystalline solid. The product was filtered, washed with DMF (2 5 ml), and dried in air to yield 1 (190 mg, 44 %). Calc. for V 3 O 2 (OH) 2 (C 12 H 8 N 4 ) 1.5 (HCOO) 3 (H 2 O) 2 (C 3 NH 7 O) 1.5 C 37.72, H 3.91, N 12.93; found C 37.72, H 3.78, N 12.97. FT-IR (ATR): 1647 (s), 1596 (vs), 1577 (vs), 1488 (w), 1429 (w), 1361 (vs), 1242 (m), 1173 (w), 1115 (m), 1038 (s), 1003 (w), 952 (m), 838 (s), 761 (m), 694 (m), 645 (m), 602 (m), 539 (m), 510 (vs), 423 (s) cm 1.

3 VCl 3 + HN N NH N H O N 150 o C 24 h [V 3 ( 3 -O)O(OH) 2 (BPD) 1,5 (HCOO) 3 ] Scheme S1. 110 100 %T 90 80 70 60 4000 3000 2000 1000 400 Wavenumber [cm-1] Fig. S1. IR-ATR spectra of H 2 BDP spacer (doted line) and of as synthetized 1 (solid line). Fig. S2. X-band EPR spectrum of solid sample of 1 at 295 K.

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Fig. S3. X-ray powder patterns of 1: simulated from single crystal analysis (black), assynthesized (blue) and after activation (red) Fig. S4. TG analysis of as-synthesized 1 in air.

after separation after activation 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 2 Fig. S5. XPRD after activation and after separation Table S1. Summary of crystal data, data collection and structural refinement parameters for 1 Parameters [V 3 (μ 3 -O)O(OH) 2 (BPD) 1,5 (HCOO) 3 ] Empirical formula C 84 H 68 N 24 O 40 V 12 Formula weight (M) 2664.87 Temperature, T (K) 100(2) Wavelength, Mo Kα (Å) 0.71069 Crystal sys tem Cubic Space group I-43m a (Å) 20.084(5) b (Å) 20.084(5) c (Å) 20.084(5) α ( ) 90.000(5) β ( ) 90.000(5) γ ( ) 90.000(5) Volume, V (Å 3 ) 8101(3) Z 2 Calculated density, ρ (mg m 3 ) 1.084 Absorption coefficient, μ (mm 1 ) 0.720 F(000) 2632 Crystal size (mm 3 ) 0.1 x 0.1 x 0.1 Index ranges 16 h 16, 16 k 15, 16 l 16 Independent reflections 9445 Data/restraints/parameters 497/0/68 Goodness-of-fit on F 2 1.250 Final R indices [I > 2σ(I)] 0.0683 R indices (all data) 0.0744 Largest diff. peak and hole (e Å 3 ) 0.257/-0.300

Table S2. Bond length (Å) and bond angles ( ) for 1 Bond lengths (Å) Bond angles ( ) V(1) N(1) 2.08(1) O(1) V(1) O(3) 91.1(4) O(1) V(1) O(3) 91.1(4) V(1) O(1) 1.93(1) O(3) V(1) O(3) 88.3(5) V(1) O(2) 2.11(1) O(1) V(1) N(1) 87.5(5) V(1) N(1) 2.08(1) O(3) V(1) N(1) 176.7(4) O(3) V(1) N(1) 88.7(3) C(2) C(3) 1.51(2) O(1) V(1) N(1) 87.5(5) O(3) V(1) N(1) 88.7(3) O(3) V(1) N(1) 176.7(4) N(1) V(1) N(1) 94.1(5) O(1) V(1) O(2) 176.5(6) O(3) V(1) O(2) 91.4(3) C(4) C(4) 1.41(2) O(3) V(1) O(2) 91.4(3) N(1) V(1) O(2) 90.1(4) N(1) N(1) 1.39(1) N(1) V(1) O(2) 90.1(4) C(1) C(2) C(1) 105.7(17) C(1) C(2) C(3) 127.1(9) C(1) C(2) C(3) 127.1(9) O(1) V(1) 1.93(1) C(4) C(3) C(4) 115.7(17) O(1) V(1) 1.93(1) C(4) C(3) C(2) 122.1(8) C(4) C(3) C(2) 122.1(8) C(4) C(4) 1.41(2) C(3) C(4) C(4) 122.1(8) C(1) N(1) N(1) 106.1(7)

N(1) V(1) 2.08(1) C(1) N(1) V(1) 136.0(9) N(1) N(1) V(1) 117.8(3) C(2) C(3) 1.51(2) C(2) C(1) N(1) 111.0(13) O(3) C(5) O(3) 124.5(18) C(5) O(3) V(1) 133.1(11) V(1) O(1) V(1) 118.88(18) V(1) O(1) V(1) 118.88(18) V(1) O(1) V(1) 118.88(18) O(1) V(1) O(3) 91.1(4) N(1) N(1) 1.39(1) O(1) V(1) O(3) 91.1(4) N(1) V(1) 2.08(1) O(3) V(1) O(3) 88.3(5) O(1) V(1) N(1) 87.5(5) O(3) V(1) N(1) 176.7(4) O(3) V(1) N(1) 88.7(3) N(1) V(1) 2.08(1) O(1) V(1) N(1) 87.5(5) O(3) V(1) N(1) 88.7(3) O(3) V(1) 2.041(8) O(3) V(1) N(1) 176.7(4) N(1) V(1) N(1) 94.1(5) V(1) O(1) 1.93(1) O(1) V(1) O(2) 176.5(6) V(1) O(2) 2.11(1) O(3) V(1) O(2) 91.4(3) V(1) N(1) 2.08(1) O(3) V(1) O(2) 91.4(3) N(1) V(1) O(2) 90.1(4) N(1) V(1) O(2) 90.1(4) C(1) C(2) C(1) 105.7(17) O(1) V(1) 1.93(1) C(1) C(2) C(3) 127.1(9) O(1) V(1) 1.93(1) C(1) C(2) C(3) 127.1(9) O(3) V(1) 2.041(8) C(4) C(3) C(4) 115.7(17) V(1) N(1) 2.08(1) C(4) C(3) C(2) 122.1(8)

C(4) C(3) C(2) 122.1(8) V(1) O(2) 2.11(1) C(3) C(4) C(4) 122.1(8) V(1) N(1) 2.08(1) C(1) N(1) N(1) 106.1(7) C(2) C(3) 1.51(2) C(1) N(1) V(1) 136.0(9) N(1) N(1) V(1) 117.8(3) C(2) C(1) N(1) 111.0(13) O(3) C(5) O(3) 124.5(18) C(5) O(3) V(1) 133.1(11) V(1) O(1) V(1) 118.88(18) C(4) C(4) 1.41(2) V(1) O(1) V(1) 118.88(18) V(1) O(1) V(1) 118.88(18) N(1) N(1) 1.39(1) O(1) V(1) O(3) 91.1(4) O(1) V(1) O(3) 91.1(4) O(3) V(1) O(3) 88.3(5) O(1) V(1) N(1) 87.5(5) O(3) V(1) N(1) 176.7(4) C(4) C(4) 1.41(2) O(3) V(1) N(1) 88.7(3) O(1) V(1) N(1) 87.5(5) O(3) V(1) N(1) 88.7(3) C(2) C(3) 1.51(2) O(3) V(1) N(1) 176.7(4) N(1) V(1) N(1) 94.1(5) O(1) V(1) O(2) 176.5(6) O(3) V(1) O(2) 91.4(3) O(3) V(1) O(2) 91.4(3) N(1) V(1) O(2) 90.1(4) N(1) V(1) O(2) 90.1(4) N(1) N(1) 1.39(1) C(1) C(2) C(1) 105.7(17) N(1) V(1) 2.08(1) C(1) C(2) C(3) 127.1(9)

C(1) C(2) C(3) 127.1(9) C(4) C(3) C(4) 115.7(17) C(4) C(3) C(2) 122.1(8) N(1) V(1) 2.08(1) C(4) C(3) C(2) 122.1(8) C(3) C(4) C(4) 122.1(8) O(3) V(1) 2.041(8) C(1) N(1) N(1) 106.1(7) V(1) N(1) 2.08(1) C(1) N(1) V(1) 136.0(9) N(1) N(1) V(1) 117.8(3) V(1) O(2) 2.11(1) C(2) C(1) N(1) 111.0(13) C(2) C(3) 1.51(2) O(3) C(5) O(3) 124.5(18) C(5) O(3) V(1) 133.1(11) V(1) O(1) V(1) 118.88(18) V(1) O(1) V(1) 118.88(18) V(1) O(1) V(1) 118.88(18) O(1) V(1) O(3) 91.1(4) C(4) C(4) 1.41(2) O(1) V(1) O(3) 91.1(4) O(3) V(1) O(3) 88.3(5) N(1) N(1) 1.39(1) O(1) V(1) N(1) 87.5(5) O(3) V(1) N(1) 176.7(4) O(3) V(1) N(1) 88.7(3) O(1) V(1) N(1) 87.5(5) O(3) V(1) N(1) 88.7(3) C(4) C(4) 1.41(2) O(3) V(1) N(1) 176.7(4) N(1) V(1) N(1) 94.1(5) O(1) V(1) O(2) 176.5(6) C(2) C(3) 1.51(2) O(3) V(1) O(2) 91.4(3) O(3) V(1) O(2) 91.4(3) N(1) V(1) O(2) 90.1(4)

N(1) V(1) O(2) 90.1(4) C(1) C(2) C(1) 105.7(17) C(1) C(2) C(3) 127.1(9) C(1) C(2) C(3) 127.1(9) N(1) N(1) 1.39(1) C(4) C(3) C(4) 115.7(17) N(1) V(1) 2.08(1) C(4) C(3) C(2) 122.1(8) N(1) V(1) 2.08(1) V(1) N(1) 2.08(1) V(1) O(2) 2.11(1) V(1) N(1) 2.08(1) C(2) C(3) 1.51(2) C(4) C(4) 1.41(2) N(1) N(1) 1.39(1)

C(4) C(4) 1.41(2) C(2) C(3) 1.51(2) N(1) N(1) 1.39(1) N(1) V(1) 2.08(1) N(1) V(1) 2.08(1) O(3) V(1) 2.041(8) V(1) O(1) 1.93(1) V(1) O(2) 2.11(1) V(1) N(1) 2.08(1) O(1) V(1) 1.93(1) O(1) V(1) 1.93(1) O(3) V(1) 2.041(8)

V(1) O(1) 1.93(1) V(1) O(2) 2.11(1) V(1) N(1) 2.08(1) O(1) V(1) 1.93(1) O(1) V(1) 1.93(1) O(3) V(1) 2.041(8) V(1) N(1) 2.08(1) V(1) O(2) 2.11(1) C(2) C(3) 1.51(2) C(4) C(4) 1.41(2) N(1) N(1) 1.39(1) C(4) C(4) 1.41(2)

C(2) C(3) 1.51(2) N(1) N(1) 1.39(1) N(1) V(1) 2.08(1) V(1) O(2) 2.11(1) V(1) O(2) 2.11(1) V(1) N(1) 2.08(1) O(3) V(1) 2.041(8) V(1) O(2) 2.11(1) V(1) N(1) 2.08(1)

O(3) V(1) 2.041(8) V(1) O(2) 2.11(1) V(1) N(1) 2.08(1) C(2) C(3) 1.51(2) C(4) C(4) 1.41(2) N(1) N(1) 1.39(1) C(4) C(4) 1.41(2) C(2) C(3) 1.51(2)

N(1) N(1) 1.39(1) References 1 V. Lozan, P. Y. Solntsev, G. Leibeling, K. V. Domasevitch, B. Kersting, B. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem., 2007, 20, 3217.

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