Surname Centre Number Candidate Number Other Names 0 GCSE 4231/01 GEOGRAPHY (Specification A) FOUNDATION TIER UNIT 1: Core Geography S15-4231-01 P.M. TUESDAY, 19 May 2015 1 hour 45 minutes For s use Question Maximum Mark Mark Awarded 1. 15 2. 15 4231 010001 3. 15 4. 15 5. 15 6. 15 Total 90 INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Use black ink or black ball-point pen. Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page. Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet. Where the space is not sufficient for your answer, continue the answer at the back of the book, taking care to number the continuation correctly. INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES The number of marks is given in brackets at the end of each question or part-question. You are reminded that assessment will take into account the quality of written communication used in your answers that involve extended writing. VP*(S15-4231-01)
2 Answer all questions. Theme 1 Water 1. (a) Study the map below. Properties at risk of flooding in Greater London N KENSINGTON & CHELSEA CAMDEN BRENT REDBRIDGE WANDSWORTH KEY Number of properties at risk of flooding in each area 40,000 + 30,000-39,999 20,000-29,999 10,000-19,999 River Thames 0-9,999 0 5 km (i) (ii) Redbridge has around 16, 000 properties at risk of flooding. Use the key to apply the correct shading for Redbridge. [1] Complete the paragraph to describe the pattern of flood risk in Greater London. Choose your answers from the box below. [3] 30, 000 lower Wandsworth Camden 10, 000 20, 000 higher south north Brent west The map shows that the risk of flooding in Greater London is generally... the closer you are to the River Thames. Areas with the highest risk include... with more than 40, 000 homes at risk. However, some areas like Kensington and Chelsea are located close to the river and have fewer than... homes at risk from flooding.
3 (b) Study the photograph below. X (i) Underline the correct word below to identify one landform from the picture. [1] erosion deposition corrosion waterfall river cliff 4231 010003 (ii) Explain why the process of hydraulic action is taking place at X. [2] (iii) Describe one way in which landforms like the one in the photograph can benefit people who live near to them. [3] Turn over.
(c) A meander is a landform created by different river processes. 4 Describe the features of a meander and explain how a meander is formed. You must use a diagram to help your answer. [5]
5 Theme 2 Climate Change 2. (a) Study the map below. Glacier Retreat and Tourist Facilities 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 06 06 05 04 03 Position of glacier in 1870 Recession or melt-back of the glacier over the last 100 years Position of glacier today R i v e r 1870 1940 1950 1965 Sunwapta Lake (1,925m) 1977 Snocoach Ticket Office Parks Canada Information Centre Icefield Centre Columbia Icefield Chalet P P? P Gate Icefield Campground (tents ) 05 04 03 KEY Direction of camera Footpath Road Vegetation Ice 02 01 WARNING: Do not venture onto the glacier without an experienced guide A t h a b a s c a G l a c i e r Snocoach Route Snocoach Buses Only P Upper Parking Lot Little A Glacier 8400 Boundary Glacier 02 01 N 4231 010005 00 00 Hanging Glacier Mount Athabasca (3,493m) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 0 1000 m (i) Name the glacier in grid square 0401. [1]... (ii) Give two pieces of map evidence that suggest this area is popular with tourists. [2] I.... II.... (iii) Use the scale to work out how much the Athabasca Glacier has reduced in length since 1870. Underline the correct answer below. [1] 600 m 1 000 m 1 600 m 2 000 m 2 600 m Turn over.
(b) 6 Study the photographs below. They show changes in the Athabasca Glacier between 1919 and 2005. 1919 2005 (i) Explain why the Athabasca Glacier has retreated over time. [2] (ii) Suggest one way in which this change may cause problems for people who work in the area shown in the photographs. [2] (iii) Suggest one way in which climate change might be an advantage to people living in a different part of the world. [2]
7 (c) Describe how the greenhouse effect warms the Earth s atmosphere. You must add to the diagram below to help your answer. [5] SUN EARTH Atmosphere 4231 010007 Turn over.
8 Theme 3 Living in an Active Zone 3. (a) Study the map and photograph below. A tsunami is a powerful wave that can be triggered by an earthquake Pacific Ocean Tsunami, March 2011 N 0 5000 km Japan 3 hours Hawaii 6 hours 9 hours 15 hours 18 hours 21 hours Tsunami wave height - metres 11.65 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.10 0.05 0.01 0.00 epicentre progress of the tsunami wave (i) Use evidence from the photograph to give one impact of the tsunami. [1] (ii) On the map, draw and label the missing line to show the progress of the tsunami wave after 12 hours. [2] (iii) Use the map to work out how long the wave would have taken to reach Hawaii. [1]... (hours) (iv) Describe how the height of the tsunami wave changed as it moved away from Japan. [2]
N 9 (b) Study the map of Japan below. N Sapporo Sea of Japan A P J A Tokyo Earthquake epicentre Nagasaki Kyoto Nagoya Okayama Hiroshima Kobe Osaka Fukuoka Pacific Ocean 4231 010009 0 200 km This earthquake and tsunami killed over 20,000 people and destroyed 1.2 million buildings. (i) Use the map to suggest why most damage was caused on the east coast of Japan. [2] (ii) Suggest why many people continue to live in places at risk of powerful earthquakes. [2] Turn over.
(c) Tectonic plate movements create a variety of landforms. 10 Describe one landform caused by the movement of tectonic plates and explain how it is formed. You must draw a labelled diagram to help your answer. [5] Name of landform:...
11 Theme 4 Changing Populations 4. (a) Study the map below. It shows India, a country in South Asia. Population change in India (2001-2011) 30 N 70 E 80 E 90 E 100 E 30 N KEY: % Population change from 2001 to 2011 +20.1 and above +10.1 to +20 0 to +10 Loss No data I N D I A 20 N 20 N Mumbai 10 N 10 N Kerala 70 E 80 E 90 E 0 500 kilometres 1000 (i) Give the latitude and longitude of Mumbai by completing the box below. [2] Mumbai Latitude Longitude 19...... East (ii) Give the rate of population change in Kerala between 2001 and 2011. [1]... % (iii) Describe the distribution of India s regions with population growth of over 20% between 2001 and 2011. [2] Turn over.
12 (b) Study the graph below. 30 Population change in Kerala (1961-2011) Population growth rate (%) 25 20 15 10 5 0 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 Year (i) Put the letters A, B and C into the boxes below to make the correct statement. [1] A Death Rate B Population Growth Rate C Birth Rate equals minus (ii) Suggest how the following factors may have led to the fall in population growth in Kerala over the period shown in the graph. [4] I. Increasing wealth of the population in places such as Kerala. II. The changing status of women in places such as Kerala.
13 (c) Explain why some parts of the world are densely populated. [5] Use one or more examples to help your answer. Turn over.
14 Theme 5 Globalisation 5. (a) Study the information below about the electronics company, Apple. N CANADA USA 19 ASIA EUROPE UROP P 47 7 JAPAN 236 CHINA 4 Apple Inc. HQ AFRICA SOUTH AMERICA 10 19 AUSTRALASIA Number of Apple stores Apple main facilities Final assembly locations Component suppliers (companies who make parts for Apple products) (i) Choose from the list below to give the correct description of the electronics company Apple. Underline the correct answer. [1] Out of town store (ii) Trading Bloc Transnational Company Give the number of Apple stores in Europe. Aid Agency [1]... (iii) (iv) Give two pieces of evidence from the resource which suggest that Apple is an American company. [2] I.... II.... Describe the global distribution of factories that supply components for Apple products. [3]
15 (b) (i) Suggest one or more advantages to Apple of locating some of its factories in South Asian countries. [3] (ii) Explain how a global company like Apple can bring both advantages and disadvantages to countries in South Asia. [5] Turn over.
16 Theme 6 Development 6. (a) Study the graph below. HDI measures wealth, education and health. It is scored out of 1.0. Places with a higher score have a higher standard of living. 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 HDI in selected countries of Sub-Saharan Africa 1980 2010 HDI 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 Mauritius Gabon South Africa Ghana Congo Kenya Cameroon Senegal Lesotho Rwanda Mali Liberia Niger (i) Complete the paragraph by choosing your answers from the box below. [4] 0.29 Mali decreased increased 2.9 Mauritius Liberia South Africa 0.31 Kenya The graph shows that HDI in most Sub-Saharan countries has... since 1980 but there is still a big gap between the most and least developed. In 2010,... had the highest standard of living with HDI of 0.72 while the lowest was Niger with a HDI of.... In..., HDI has more than doubled since 1980 while in some countries such as..., people are actually worse off than they were in 1980.
17 (ii) Suggest two ways in which you would expect the graph opposite to be different if it showed HDI for countries in Western Europe. [2] I.... II.... (b) Study the scattergraph below. GDP per person (US$) is a measure of a country s wealth. The relationship between education and wealth 14 Norway Mean (average) number of years in school 12 10 8 6 4 2 Democratic Republic of Congo UK 0 0 10 000 20 000 30 000 40 000 50 000 GDP (wealth) per person (US$) (i) Add the following data to the graph. [1] Country GDP per person Mean number of years in school Namibia 6 000 6.1 (ii) Explain why improving education helps a country to develop. [3] Turn over.
18 (c) Describe how one or more Aid projects that you have studied have improved people s lives. [5] END OF PAPER
19 For continuation. Turn over.
20