OBJECTIVES 1. Ft Pressure EXAM #1 PHYSICAL SCIENCE 103 FALLF, 2017 Determine the surface area f an bject. Given the weight and surface area, calculate the pressure. 2. Measuring Vlume & Mass Prvided a graduated cylinder: recrd the vlume t crrect accuracy. cnvert units f milliliters and liters. Prvided a triple-beam balance: recrd the mass t crrect accuracy. cnvert unit f grams and kilgrams. Cnduct an experiment t: measure the mass and vlume f an bject. graph data, draw best-fit line, and determine the slpe. relate slpe with density. 3. Measuring Length & Vlume determine the vlume f a given mass. determine the mass f a given vlume. Prvided a ruler: recrd the length t crrect accuracy. cnvert units f mm, cm, m, and km. Apply the rules fr significant figures when perfrming calculatins. Apply the rules f scientific ntatin when perfrming calculatins. Calculate the vlume f a cylindrical and rectangular slid. Cnduct experiments t determine the number f bjects within a cntainer. 4. Speed & Acceleratin Prvided a graph (distance vs. time) and/r (speed vs. time) fr a mving bject, be able t determine the slpe f the line and describe the speed and acceleratin f the bject. Explain the cncept f terminal speed. Apply the units f speed (m/s) and units f acceleratin (m/s 2 ) when describing mtin. Calculate the speed and acceleratin f a mving bject n an inclined plane. Calculate the range f a falling bject frm an inclined plane.
Distance Speed 5. Newtn s Laws f Mtin Explain inertia in terms f mass. Explain the mathematical prprtinality f frce, mass and acceleratin. Perfrm calculatins with Newtn s Secnd Law Differentiate between mass and weight. Identify the actin / reactin pairs f frces. Apply Newtn s Laws t a variety f physical situatins. Practice Prblems 1. A car is traveling at a cnstant speed f 65 mph alng Rute 95 tward Bstn frm Prvidence. The car reaches a wrk zne and slws t 40 mph. After it passes thrugh the wrk zne it resumes its speed f 65 mph. Draw tw graphs, labeling the axes, that illustrate the speed and acceleratin f the car. Time Time 2 A sheet f paper measures 12.60 cm wide by 9.10 cm lng. What is the area f the sheet f paper? Recrd yur answer with the apprpriate number f significant figures and in scientific ntatin. What is the area in mm 2? m 2?
3 A student is determining the density f an unknwn piece f mineral. She partially fills a graduated cylinder with water. Use the graduated cylinder t the right t determine the vlume f water added t the graduated cylinder. 60 50 100 90 Next, the student placed a piece f mineral int the graduated cylinder. Recrd the vlume f the water and sample in the graduated cylinder. 40 30 80 70 Determine the vlume f the piece f mineral. The student then determined the mass f the piece f mineral. Recrd the mass frm the balance. Calculate the density f the sample f mineral. (Remember significant figures and prper units!) 4 A vial f beans has a diameter f 11.35 cm and a height f 19.50 cm. The dimensins f a typical bean is presented in the table belw. Apprximately hw many beans wuld fit int this cntainer? Length Height Width Bean 1.10 cm 0.90 cm 1.23 cm Determine the vlume f the bean expressing yur answer with the apprpriate number f significant figures. Determine the vlume f the vial expressing yur answer with the apprpriate number f significant figures. Determine the number f beans in the vial expressing yur answer with the apprpriate number f significant figures and in scientific ntatin 5. A skydiver has a mass f 100.0 kg. What is the dwnward frce f the skydiver? 6. An elephant s ft measures 17.5 inches in circumference and weighs 1500 lbs. What is the pressure n the bttm f the elephant s ft?
7. An inclined plane measures 2.50 m lng. It takes n average 4.10 secnds fr a ball t travel t the end f the ramp. The ball travels 18.0 cm. in the first secnd. What is the final speed at the bttm f the ramp? What is the average acceleratin alng the ramp? What is the acceleratin during the first secnd? Apprximately hw far wuld the ball rll after 2 secnds? 3 secnds? If the table the inclined plane is n is 95.0 cm high, hw far frm the table will the ball hit the flr? 8. Explain why a magician is able t pull a tableclth ut frm under a dining set cmplete with candle hlders. 9. When the same net frce is applied t tw blcks, the yellw ne has a larger acceleratin than the blue ne. Explain. 10. The fllwing data was btained by measuring the mass and vlume f 5 samples f a mineral. Calculate the ttal mass and ttal vlume fr the samples as yu did in the labratry. Draw a best-fit graph t determine the average density f the material. Sample 1 2 3 4 5 Mass (g) 46.75 37.34 59.10 61.94 47.82 Vlume (ml) 9.0 7.3 11.9 12.0 9.4 Ttal Mass (g) 46.75 Ttal Vlume (ml) 9.0 11. Using yur graph, if yu have a 100.00 g sample f the mineral, what vlume wuld it ccupy? If yu had a have a 40.0 ml sample f the mineral what is the mass f this sample? 12. Hw many pieces f rice that are 1.4 mm x 8.2 mm x 1.4 mm wuld fit int a cylinder that measures 28.54 cm high and has a diameter f 7.26 cm? Express yur answer in crrect significant figures and in scientific ntatin. 13. If a car is traveling at 110 km/hr and it travels fr 45 minutes hw far des it g? 14. If a truck travels 540 km in 6.5 hrs, what is its average speed? 15. Cnsider the fllwing scenari. A car (and driver) are traveling dwn Rt. 95 at 55 mph. The driver increases its speed t 70 mph t pass a truck. A plice car spts the car speeding, and pulls the car ver t the side f the rad t a cmplete stp. Cnstruct a graph illustrating the speed and acceleratin fr this car.
16. Tw students are cnducting an experiment t determine the height f a building. One student at the tp drps a rck. The secnd student times hw lng it takes the rck t fall t the grund. Ignring air resistance, hw high is the building if it takes 4.5 secnds fr the rck t fall frm the tp f the building. What is the speed f the rck when it hits the grund? 17. A car traveling at a cnstant speed f 65 mph has zer acceleratin. Explain hw this is s. 18. A skydiver has a mass f 100.0 kg. What is the dwnward frce f the skydiver? At the instant the skydiver exits the airplane, what is the dwnward acceleratin f the skydiver? As the skydiver falls thrugh the air, what changes ccur in the fllwing: (circle the crrect answers) The skydiver s dwnward frce: Increase Decrease N Change The skydiver s acceleratin: Increase Decrease N Change The upward air resistance: Increase Decrease N Change 19. A small child slides dwn a playgrund slide. The child s bigger brther is sitting at the bttm f the slide and the child crashes int his brther at the bttm. What can be said abut the frces acting n the child and the bigger brther? 20. Ggle Apll 15 Hammer and Feather. a. What did they d? b. What happened? c. What did it prve? 21. Perfrm the fllwing calculatins: 2.35 x 10 3 cm x 9.70 x 10 4 cm = 6.4 x 10-2 g 4.58 x 10-4 cm 3 = 22. Use all three f Newtn s Laws f Mtin t describe why a baby carriage is harder t mve with the baby inside than when empty. 23. Using Newtn s Laws describe hw a mtr bat mves thrugh the water. 24. Using Newtn s Laws describe why a snwflake falls gently t the grund. 25. Determine yur weight.