Surname Centre Number Other Names Candidate Number Leave blank Candidate Signature General Certificate of Education June 2005 Advanced Subsidiary Examination PHYSICS (SPECIFICATION A) Unit 2 Mechanics and Molecular Kinetic Theory PA02 Friday 10 June 2005 Morning Session In addition to this paper you will require:! a calculator;! a pencil and a ruler. Number 1 For Examiner s Use Mark Number Mark 2 Time allowed: 1 hour 3 4 Instructions! Use blue or black ink or ball-point pen.! Fill in the boxes at the top of this page.! Answer all questions in the spaces provided. All working must be shown.! Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want marked. 5 6 Information! The maximum mark for this paper is 50.! Mark allocations are shown in brackets.! The paper carries 30% of the total marks for Physics Advanced Subsidiary and carries 15% of the total marks for Physics Advanced.! A Data Sheet is provided on pages 3 and 4. You may wish to detach this perforated sheet at the start of the examination.! You are expected to use a calculator where appropriate.! In questions requiring description and explanation you will be assessed on your ability to use an appropriate form and style of writing, to organise relevant information clearly and coherently, and to use specialist vocabulary where appropriate. The degree of legibility of your handwriting and the level of accuracy of your spelling, punctuation and grammar will also be taken into account. Total (Column 1) Total (Column 2) TOTAL Examiner s Initials PA02
2 Data Sheet! A perforated Data Sheet is provided as pages 3 and 4 of this question paper.! This sheet may be useful for answering some of the questions in the examination.! You may wish to detach this sheet before you begin work.
Data Sheet 3
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5 TURN OVER FOR THE FIRST QUESTION Turn over!
6 Answer all questions. 1 The graph shows how the pressure of an ideal gas varies with its volume when the mass and temperature of the gas are constant. pressure volume (a) On the same axes, sketch two additional curves A and B, if the following changes are made. (i) (ii) The same mass of gas at a lower constant temperature (label this A). A greater mass of gas at the original constant temperature (label this B). (2 marks) (b) A cylinder of volume 0.20 m 3 contains an ideal gas at a pressure of 130 kpa and a temperature of 290 K. Calculate (i) the amount of gas, in moles, in the cylinder, (ii) the average kinetic energy of a molecule of gas in the cylinder,
7 (iii) the total kinetic energy of the molecules in the cylinder. (5 marks) 7 2 Figure 1 shows a uniform steel girder being held horizontally by a crane. Two cables are attached to the ends of the girder and the tension in each of these cables is T. T T 42 42 Figure 1 (a) If the tension, T, in each cable is 850 N, calculate (i) the horizontal component of the tension in each cable, (ii) the vertical component of the tension in each cable, (iii) the weight of the girder. (4 marks) (b) On Figure 1 draw an arrow to show the line of action of the weight of the girder. (1 mark) 5 Turn over!
8 3 (a) Explain why a raindrop falling vertically through still air reaches a constant velocity. You may be awarded marks for the quality of written communication in your answer. (4 marks) (b) A raindrop falls at a constant vertical velocity of 1.8 m s 1 in still air. The mass of the raindrop is 7.2 10 9 kg. Calculate (i) the kinetic energy of the raindrop, (ii) the work done on the raindrop as it falls through a vertical distance of 4.5 m. (4 marks)
9 (c) The raindrop in part (b) now falls through air in which a horizontal wind is blowing. If the velocity of the wind is 1.4 m s 1, use a scale diagram or calculation to determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant velocity of the raindrop. (3 marks) 11 TURN OVER FOR THE NEXT QUESTION Turn over!
10 4 Figure 2 shows a tube containing small particles of lead. When the tube is inverted the particles of lead fall freely through a vertical height equal to the length of the tube. 1.2 m lead Figure 2 (a) Describe the energy changes that take place in the lead particles during one inversion of the tube. You may be awarded marks for the quality of written communication in your answer. (3 marks)
11 (b) The tube is made from an insulating material and is used in an experiment to determine the specific heat capacity of lead. The following results are obtained. mass of lead: 0.025 kg number of inversions: 50 length of tube: 1.2 m change in temperature of the lead: 4.5 K Calculate (i) the change in potential energy of the lead as it falls after one inversion down the tube, (ii) the total change in potential energy after 50 inversions, (iii) the specific heat capacity of the lead. (4 marks) 7 TURN OVER FOR THE NEXT QUESTION Turn over!
12 5 The graph shows how the momentum of two colliding railway trucks varies with time. Truck A has a mass of 2.0 10 4 kg and truck B has a mass of 3.0 10 4 kg. The trucks are travelling in the same direction. momentum/10 3 kgms 1 60 50 40 30 20 B A 10 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 time/s (a) Calculate the change in momentum of (i) truck A, (ii) truck B. (4 marks) (b) Complete the following table. initial velocity/m s 1 final velocity/m s 1 initial kinetic energy/j final kinetic energy/j truck A truck B (4 marks)
13 (c) State and explain whether the collision of the two trucks is an example of an elastic collision. (3 marks) 11 TURN OVER FOR THE NEXT QUESTION Turn over!
14 6 A fairground ride ends with the car moving up a ramp at a slope of 30 to the horizontal as shown in Figure 3. ramp 30 Figure 3 (a) The car and its passengers have a total weight of 7.2 10 3 N. Show that the component of the weight parallel to the ramp is 3.6 10 3 N. (1 mark) (b) Calculate the deceleration of the car assuming the only force causing the car to decelerate is that calculated in part (a). (2 marks) (c) The car enters at the bottom of the ramp at 18 m s 1. Calculate the minimum length of the ramp for the car to stop before it reaches the end. The length of the car should be neglected. (2 marks) (d) Explain why the stopping distance is, in practice, shorter than the value calculated in part (c). (2 marks) 7 QUALITY OF WRITTEN COMMUNICATION (2 marks) END OF QUESTIONS 2
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