Chapter 5. Naming Compounds Writing Formulas

Similar documents
Chapter 6. Naming Compounds Writing Formulas

H 2 O. Chapter 9 Chemical Names and Formulas

Systematic Naming. Chapter 9. Two Types of Compounds. Two Types of Compounds 2 Ionic Compounds. Two Types of Compounds.

Naming and Formula Writing

Bonding and Nomenclature notes.notebook

Chemical Bonding. Comparison of Properties Ionic Compounds Covalent Compounds Metals

Ionic Compounds. And Acids

Ionic Compound Formulas.

Ionic and Metallic Bonding

Chemical Bonding and Naming Compounds. Ionic. Acid. Base. Oct 4 7:40 PM

Formula of a Compound

Chemical Nomenclature

World of Chemistry Notes for Students [Chapter 4, page 1] Chapter 4 Nomenclature

Why does an element want to bond?

1/28/13. Naming and Writing Formulas > for Ionic Compounds

CHEM 1105 S10 January 21, 2014

Chapter 3 Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Equations

Chemical Nomenclature

Note: Silver and Zn are transition elements but make only one charge Therefore they make Type 1 compounds

Naming Chemical Compounds

Inorganic Nomenclature

AP Chemistry (1 of 20) AP Chemistry (2 of 20) AP Chemistry (3 of 20) AP Chemistry (4 of 20) AP Chemistry (5 of 20) AP Chemistry (6 of 20)

Nomenclature of inorganic compounds. = naming non carbon (mostly) compounds. Some definitions:

Nomenclature (Naming Compounds) and Chemical Formulas

WRITING FORMULAS AND NAMING COMPOUNDS IONIC COMPOUNDS

Big Idea: Matter & Atoms

Inorganic Nomenclature

Chemical Nomenclature

Chapter 8 Nomenclature

Experiment #4. Chemical Nomenclature

Ch.2: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions

Chemical Formulas and Chemical Nomenclature. Mr. Matthew Totaro Legacy High School Honors Chemistry

Unit II: Atoms Molecules & Ions

Compound Names and Formulas Activity

Topic 5: The Language of Chemistry

CHEM 103 Naming Compounds

ELECTRONS. Construct your own electron dot diagram Choose one element & drag the correct number of VALENCE Br electrons around it.

Chemical Nomenclature

CHAPTER 7: LANGUAGE OF CHEMISTRY

Compounds Element = 1 type of atom Compound = more than 1 type of atom (over 8 million) Chemical Bond = glue that links atoms together in a compound

Naming Inorganic Compounds. common names systematic names

WARM UP. 1) Criss Cross these elements to create neutral compounds a) sulfur and sodium b) calcium and hydroxide

Nomenclature. Formula Writing. Formula Writing 12/10/14. Rules for Writing Formulas:

Chapter 5 Molecules and Compounds (Part 2)

CHAPTER 7: CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS. Chemistry 1-2 Enriched Mr. Chumbley

Chemical Names & Formulas. Water Ammonia Methane 1

CRHS Academic Chemistry Unit 6 - Nomenclature Practice Problems

Experiment #4. Elements and Compounds.

Chapter 5: Nomenclature

Nomenclature. HC 2 H 3 O 2 Acetic Acid C 2 H 3 O 2. acetate ion

Naming Compounds. Part One: Naming Ionic Compounds. Identifying Ionic Compounds

Chemical Bonds CH. 18: PG

Naming Chemical Compounds: A Review. I. Ionic Compounds II. Covalent Compounds

Ch2.0 Lesson.notebook. February 08, Bell Activity. How do you think chemicals get their name? Who gives them their name?

Naming and Counting Atoms and Molecules. Chemistry--Unit 2

Chapter 2. The Components of Matter

Nomenclature. Why, Learn it? History:

Unit 2. Chapter 4-Atoms and Elements, continued

The Structure of Matter:

Chemistry--Unit 2: Chemical Names and Formulas Test Review

4.0-Ionic Compounds Unit

Chemical Naming. Burlingame High School

9/19/07. Chemistry 6A Fall 2007 Dr. J. A. Mack. Molar Masses. Avagagro s s Number. Avogadro s Number and the Mole

Naming Simple Compounds

Naming Inorganic Compounds. common names systematic names

O ( ) are only used with polyatomic ions and only when there is more than one of any group. a. Examples: HNO 3. ) is incorrect; Al 2 ) 3 (SO 4

Name Date Period Ionic Bonding Puzzle Activity

Ionic Compounds and Metals

Chemical Names and Formulas

Nomenclature Report. GCC CHM 151LL: Nomenclature Report GCC, 2019 page 1 of 6

Naming and Formulas. Molecular Compounds. Molecular Compounds. Molecular Compounds

Chemistry 51 Chapter 5 OCTET RULE & IONS

Worksheet 5 Nomenclature 1 Ionic Compounds I. Naming compounds containing only two elements (binary compounds)

Chemical Nomenclature

- Some MOLECULES can gain or lose electrons to form CATIONS or ANIONS. These are called POLYATOMIC IONS

lost, gained or shared chemical bonds symbols subscripts NaCl, H O, CaCO, CO

AP Chemistry Unit 1 Review Guide: IUPAC Naming, Stoichiometry, Solution Chemistry

2. Match a formula in the right column with its appropriate name in the left column.

Chapter 5. Molecules and Compounds. Introductory Chemistry, 3 rd Edition Nivaldo Tro 2/21/2011

Chemistry Chapter 2. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Section Periodic Table Ions Chemical Bonds Nomenclature

Nomenclature. Symbols for Atoms, Molecules, and Ions. Ion Example: Ionic Bonding: Atoms:

Tustin HS AP Chemistry SUMMER ASSIGNMENT

CHEM 1305: Introductory Chemistry

Honors Chemistry - Unit 5 Chapter 7 - Nomenclature

CHEMICAL NAMES AND FORMULAS

Unit 1 Physical Science: Chemical Reactions

EIT Review S2007 Dr. J.A. Mack.

Chemical Nomenclature Chapter 2.5-8

Chapter 9 Study Guide

Chemical Nomenclature

Bonding, Moles & Unit 3. Stoichiometry

NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS

Unit 5: Covalent Bonding and Acids

CHEMICAL FORMULAS - NOMENCLATURE (The Language of Chemistry)

IGCSE Double Award Extended Coordinated Science

Honors Chemistry - Topic IV Part I Study Guide The Language of Chemistry

C. O -2, Se -2, I -1 D. Li +, Cl -1, C 2 O 4

NOTES PACKET COLLIER CHEMISTRY PRE-AP

» Composed of more than one type of atom chemically bonded.» A pure substance, meaning its properties are the same throughout the substance.

Covalent (Molecular) compounds and. Chapter 7 & 8. Bonding

Transcription:

Chapter 5 Naming Compounds Writing Formulas

Systematic Naming There are too many compounds to remember the names of them all. Compound is made of two or more elements. Put together atoms. Name should tell us how many and what type of atoms.

Periodic Table More than a list of elements. Put in columns because of similar properties. Each column is called a group.

1A 2A Representative elements The group A elements 3A 4A 5A 7A 0 6A

Metals

Metals Luster shiny. Ductile drawn into wires. Malleable hammered into sheets. Conductors of heat and electricity.

Transition metals The Group B elements

Dull Brittle Nonconductors - insulators Non-metals

Metalloids or Semimetals Properties of both Semiconductors

Atoms and ions Atoms are electrically neutral. Same number of protons and electrons. Ions are atoms, or groups of atoms, with a charge. Different numbers of protons and electrons. Only electrons can move. Gain or lose electrons.

A negative ion. Anion Has gained electrons. Non metals can gain electrons. Charge is written as a super script on the right. F -1 Has gained one electron O -2 Has gained two electrons

Cations Positive ions. Formed by losing electrons. More protons than electrons. Metals form cations. K +1 Has lost one electron Ca +2 Has lost two electrons

Compounds Follow the Law of Definite Proportion. Have a constant composition. Have to add the same number of atoms every time. Two types.

Two Types of Compounds Molecular compounds Made of molecules. Made by joining nonmetal atoms together into molecules.

Two Types of Compounds Ionic Compounds Made of cations and anions. Metals and nonmetals. The electrons lost by the cation are gained by the anion. The cation and anions surround each other. Smallest piece is a FORMULA UNIT.

Two Types of Compounds Smallest piece Types of elements State Melting Point Ionic Formula Unit Metal and Nonmetal solid High >300ºC Molecular Molecule Nonmetals Solid, liquid or gas Low <300ºC

Chemical Formulas Shows the kind and number of atoms in the smallest piece of a substance. Molecular formula- number and kinds of atoms in a molecule. CO 2 C 6 H 12 O 6

Formula Unit The smallest whole number ratio of atoms in an ionic compound. Ions surround each other so you can t say which is hooked to which. (pg 91)

Charges on ions For most of the Group A elements, the Periodic Table can tell what kind of ion they will form from their location. Elements in the same group have similar properties. Including the charge when they are ions.

+1 +2 +3-3 -2-1

What about the others? We have to figure those out some other way. More on this later.

Naming ions We will use the systematic way. Cation- if the charge is always the same (Group A) just write the name of the metal. Transition metals can have more than one type of charge. Indicate the charge with roman numerals in parenthesis.

Name these Na +1 Ca +2 Al +3 Fe +3 Fe +2 Pb +2 Li +1

Write Formulas for these Potassium ion Magnesium ion Copper (II) ion Chromium (VI) ion Barium ion Mercury (II) ion

Naming Anions Anions are always the same. Change the element ending to ide F -1 Fluorine

Naming Anions Anions are always the same. Change the element ending to ide F -1 Fluorin

Naming Anions Anions are always the same Change the element ending to ide F -1 Fluori

Naming Anions Anions are always the same Change the element ending to ide F -1 Fluor

Naming Anions Anions are always the same Change the element ending to ide F -1 Fluori

Naming Anions Anions are always the same Change the element ending to ide F -1 Fluoride

Naming Anions Anions are always the same Change the element ending to ide F -1 Fluoride

Name these Cl -1 N -3 Br -1 O -2 Ga +3

Sulfide ion iodide ion phosphide ion Strontium ion Write these

Polyatomic ions Groups of atoms that stay together and have a charge. You must memorize these. Acetate C 2 H 3 O 2-1 Nitrate NO 3-1 Nitrite NO 2-1 Hydroxide OH -1 Permanganate MnO 4-1 Cyanide CN -1

Polyatomic ions Sulfate SO 4-2 Sulfite SO 3-2 Carbonate CO 3-2 Chromate CrO 4-2 Dichromate Cr 2 O 7-2 Phosphate PO 4-3 Phosphite PO 3-3 Ammonium NH 4 +1

Ions in Ionic Compounds

Naming Binary Ionic Compounds Binary Compounds - 2 elements. Ionic - a cation and an anion. To write the names just name the two ions. Easy with Representative elements. Group A NaCl = Na + Cl - = sodium chloride MgBr 2 = Mg +2 Br - = magnesium bromide

Naming Binary Ionic Compounds The problem comes with the transition metals. Need to figure out their charges. The compound must be neutral. same number of + and charges. Use the anion to determine the charge on the positive ion.

Naming Binary Ionic Compounds Write the name of CuO Need the charge of Cu O is -2 copper must be +2 Copper (II) chloride Name CoCl 3 Cl is -1 and there are three of them = -3 Co must be +3 Cobalt (III) chloride

Naming Binary Ionic Compounds Write the name of Cu 2 S. Since S is -2, the Cu 2 must be +2, so each one is +1. copper (I) sulfide Fe 2 O 3 Each O is -2 3 x -2 = -6 3 Fe must = +6, so each is +2. iron (III) oxide

Naming Binary Ionic Compounds Write the names of the following KCl Na 3 N CrN Sc 3 P 2 PbO PbO 2 Na 2 Se

Ternary Ionic Compounds Will have polyatomic ions At least three elements name the ions NaNO 3 CaSO 4 CuSO 3 (NH 4 ) 2 O

Ternary Ionic Compounds LiCN Fe(OH) 3 (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 NiPO 4

Writing Formulas The charges have to add up to zero. Get charges on pieces. Cations from name of table. Anions from table or polyatomic. Balance the charges by adding subscripts. Put polyatomics in parenthesis.

Writing Formulas Write the formula for calcium chloride. Calcium is Ca +2 Chloride is Cl -1 Ca +2 Cl -1 would have a +1 charge. Need another Cl -1 Ca +2 Cl 2-1

Write the formulas for these Lithium sulfide tin (II) oxide tin (IV) oxide Magnesium fluoride Copper (II) sulfate Iron (III) phosphide gallium nitrate Iron (III) sulfide

Write the formulas for these Ammonium chloride ammonium sulfide barium nitrate

Things to look for If cations have (), the number is their charge. If anions end in -ide they are probably off the periodic table (Monoatomic) If anion ends in -ate or -ite it is polyatomic

Molecular Compounds Writing names and Formulas

Molecular compounds made of just nonmetals smallest piece is a molecule can t be held together because of opposite charges. can t use charges to figure out how many of each atom

Easier Ionic compounds use charges to determine how many of each. Have to figure out charges. Have to figure out numbers. Molecular compounds name tells you the number of atoms. Uses prefixes to tell you the number

Prefixes 1 mono- 2 di- 3 tri- 4 tetra- 5 penta- 6 hexa- 7 hepta- 8 octa-

Prefixes 9 nona- 10 deca- To write the name write two words

Prefixes 9 nona- 10 deca- To write the name write two words Prefix name Prefix name -ide

9 nona- Prefixes 10 deca- To write the name write two words Prefix name Prefix name -ide One exception is we don t write mono- if there is only one of the first element.

Prefixes 9 nona- 10 deca- To write the name write two words Prefix name Prefix name -ide One exception is we don t write mono- if there is only one of the first element. No double vowels when writing names (oa oo)

Name These N 2 O NO 2 Cl 2 O 7 CBr 4 CO 2 BaCl 2

Write formulas for these diphosphorus pentoxide tetraiodide nonoxide sulfur hexaflouride nitrogen trioxide Carbon tetrahydride phosphorus trifluoride aluminum chloride

Acids Writing names and Formulas

Acids Compounds that give off hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Must have H in them. will always be some H next to an anion. The anion determines the name.

Naming acids If the anion attached to hydrogen is ends in -ide, put the prefix hydro- and change -ide to -ic acid HCl - hydrogen ion and chloride ion hydrochloric acid H 2 S hydrogen ion and sulfide ion hydrosulfuric acid

Naming Acids If the anion has oxygen in it it ends in -ate of -ite change the suffix -ate to -ic acid HNO 3 Hydrogen and nitrate ions Nitric acid change the suffix -ite to -ous acid HNO 2 Hydrogen and nitrite ions Nitrous acid

Name these HF H 3 P H 2 SO 4 H 2 SO 3 HCN H 2 CrO 4

Writing Formulas Hydrogen will always be first name will tell you the anion make the charges cancel out. Starts with hydro- no oxygen, -ide no hydro, -ate comes from -ic, -ite comes from -ous

Write formulas for these hydroiodic acid acetic acid carbonic acid phosphorous acid hydrobromic acid