Perspectives in Mossbauer Spectroscopy

Perspectives in Mossbauer Spectroscopy

Perspectives in Mossbauer Spectroscopy Proceedings of the International Conference on Applications of the Mossbauer Effect, held at Ayeleth Hashahar, Israel, August 28-31, 1972 S. G.Cohen The Hebrew University Jerusalem and M. Pasternak Tel Aviv University and Soreq Nuclear Research Centre Yavne, Israel PLENUM PRESS NEW YORK-LONDON 1973

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 72-97398 ISBN-13: 978-1-4615-8689-0 e-isbn-13: 978-1-4615-8687-6 DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4615-8687-6 1973 Plenum Press, New York Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1973 A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation 227 West 17th Street, New York, N.Y. 10011 United Kingdom edition published by Plenum Press, London A Division of Plenum Publishing Company, Ltd. Davis House (4th Floor), 8 Scrubs Lane, Harlesden, NW10 6SE, London, England All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher

PREFACE This book is for the most part made up of the invited papers presented at the International Conference on Applications of the Kdssbauer effect, held at Aye1eth Hashahar, Israel, in August 1972. The purpose of the conference was to review perspectives in MHssbauer spectroscopy from the point of view of applications in various fields of science - mainly physics, chemistry, and biology. It was hoped that the bringing together of scientists who work in different disciplines but use a common tool would encourage interdisciplinary research and widen the horizon of the individual researcher. Both these features have been an important and unique characteristic of Kdssbauer research in the past decade. Accordingly, the main papers were presented in the following areas: magnetic properties of solids, applications to inorganic chemistry, biochemical studies, amorphous systems, metal alloys, advances in high-resolution studies, and the new techniques for studying recoil-free spectra from isolated atoms in inert materials. A special panel discussion was devoted to the subject of phase transitions. Recent years have witnessed a rapid growth in the use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for the study of the physics and chemistry of solids. A report on this area of research and its relation to Kdssbauer studies has been included. Over 90 contributed papers were submitted to the conference. Time permitted the actual presentation of only very few. However, a list of all the titles of the contributed papers is included in this book. This list, we believe, serves to demonstrate the ever-widening interest in the use of MHssbauer spectroscopy. The editors have intentionally retained the informal (and sometimes even racy) style of Hans Frauenfe1der in his concluding lecture, Mt:Sssbauer Effect - "Quo Vadis?" This v

vi PREFACE was a summing-up of the conference, but also contains much wisdom of general validity. We hope that this contribution will also convey something of the atmosphere at the meeting, which we believe was positively affected by the "spirit of the place" - Ayeleth Hashahar. This place, Ayeleth Hashahar ("morning star") has a very poetic name, and is also near a famous archaeological site, Hatzor, which we believe was the inspiration for Michener's book "The Source." We wish to take this opportunity to thank the following sponsoring organizations, without whose help and encouragement the organization of the conference would have been impossible: International Union of Pure and Applied Physics; The European Physical Society; The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities; Soreq Nuclear Research Center, Yavne; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Negev Nuclear Research Center - Beer Sheva; Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa. We would also like to thank the members of the organizing committee, U. Atzmoni, J. Danon, H. Frauenfelder, U. Gonser, R. H. Herber, G. M. Kalvius, 3. L. Ruby, H. Schechter, and H. DeWaard. S. G. Cohen The Hebrew University Jerusalem M. Pasternak Tel-Aviv University and Soreq Nuclear Research Center November 1972

CONTENTS Investigation of Magnetic Moments in Metals by the Mtlssbauer Effect S. HUfner and p. Steiner Spin Orientation Diagrams in Rare Earth Cubic Compounds U. Atzmony, M. P. Dariel, E. R. Bauminger, D. Lebenbaum, I. Nowik, and S. Ofer 57Fe and 99Ru ~ d s s bstudies a u e r of the Defect Structure and Magnetic Properties of Oxide Phases N. N. Greenwood X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Mtlssbauer Effect, Complementary Techniques for the Study of Solids G. K. ~ r i l i e ~ Consequences of Nuclear Transformations in Chemical Compounds Studied by the Mtlssbauer Method U. Zahn, W. Potzel, and F. E. Wagner 1 11 27 41 55 The Application of Mtlssbauer Spectroscopy to Biochemistry.' 79 C. E. Johnson Mtlssbauer Studies of an Enzyme System: Putidaredoxin and Cytochrome P450 89 P. G. Debrunner Interpretation of Mtlssbauer Isomer Shifts and Quadrupole Splittings of Ferrous Hemoglobins by Ligand Field and Molecular Orbital Theory A. Trautwein 101

viii CONTENTS The Study of Inert-Gas Matrix Isolated Atoms P. H. Barrett and H. Micklitz A Study of the Mtlssbauer Effect for Gold L. D. Roberts, J. F. Prince, and D. J. Erickson 117 127 Mtlssbauer Effect Studies of Phase Transitions 141 G. K. Shenoy The Study of Vibrations in Crystals Using the Rayleigh Scattering of Resonant Gannna Rays 41 D. A. 0' Connor Mtlssbauer Studies of Aqueous Liquids and Glasses S. L. Ruby High-Resolution Mtlssbauer Spectroscopy with Tantalum-18l G. Kaindl and D. Salomon Experiments with the Mtlssbauer Effect in 67Zn G. J. Perlow 171 181 195 221 Mtlssbauer Effect - "Quo Vadis?" 239 H. Frauenfelder List of Contributed Papers 247 Index.... 255