Chapter 32, 10 th edition Q1.Which characteristic below is shared by plants, fungi, and animals? ( Concept 32.1) A) They are multicellular eukaryotes. B) They are heterotrophs. C) Their cells are supported and connected to one another by structural proteins. D) They release enzymes to the outside of the body to aid in digestion. E) They have cell walls. Q2.Animals probably evolved from colonial protists. How do animals differ from these protist ancestors? ( Concept 32.1) The Answer is : E A) The protists were autotrophic. B) The protists were prokaryotic. C) Animals are able to reproduce. D) The protists were heterotrophic. E) Animals have more cells than their protist ancestors, and their cells show greater specialization. Q3.During the development of most animals, cleavage leads to. ( Concept 32.1) A) fertilization B) a multicellular blastula C) the formation of a gastrula D) the formation of a zygote E) metamorphosis Q4.Many young animals are, a sexually immature form that is morphologically distinct from the adult stage. These young animals undergo to become, which resemble adults but are not yet sexually mature. ( Concept 32.1) A) juvenile... metamorphosis... adults B) larvae... metamorphosis... juveniles C) larvae... gastrulation... juveniles D) larvae... metamorphosis... adults E) juvenile... gastrulation... adults
Q5.Which of the following correctly lists the embryonic stages in the order that they develop? ( Concept 32.1) The Answer is : E A) blastula, zygote, gastrula, larva B) zygote, gastrula, blastula, larva C) zygote, blastula, larva, gastrula D) zygote, larva, gastrula, blastula E) zygote, blastula, gastrula, larva Q6.Which of the following groups does NOT exhibit bilateral symmetry? ( Concept 32.3) A) annelids B) jellies C) chordates D) arthropods E) molluscs Q7.Which of the following features is associated with bilateral symmetry? ( Concept 32.3) The Answer is : C A) a sessile lifestyle B) sponges C) cephalization D) diploblastic body plan E) a lack of true tissues Q8."Cephalization" refers to having. ( Concept 32.3) A) a dorsal and a ventral surface B) a right and a left side C) ectoderm D) a head E) radial symmetry
Q9.Which of the following is a characteristic of cnidarians? ( Concept 32.3) A) ectoderm and endoderm B) a lack of true tissues C) mesoderm D) triploblastic bodies E) bilateral symmetry Q10.In the embryo of a shark, ectoderm gives rise to ; mesoderm gives rise to ; endoderm gives rise to. ( Concept 32.3) A) muscle... the outer covering of the animal... the lining of the digestive tube B) the central nervous system... muscle... the lining of the digestive tube C) the lining of the digestive tract... muscle... the outer covering of the animal D) muscle... the outer covering of the animal... the central nervous system E) the central nervous system... the outer covering of the animal... the lining of the digestive tube Q11.All animals with bilateral symmetry have germ layer(s). ( Concept 32.3) A) zero B) one C) two D) three E) four Q12.A true coelom is. ( Concept 32.3) A) a body cavity lined with mesoderm B) a thoracic body cavity C) a body cavity lined with tissues derived from the endoderm D) a body cavity lined with endoderm and mesoderm E) an abdominal body cavity
Q13.One of the primary developmental/anatomical characteristics distinguishing the major animal phyla is the condition of the body cavity. A pseudocoelomate animal is one in which the body cavity is. ( Concept 32.3) A) bounded completely by mesoderm B) filled by a solid mass of mesoderm C) bounded completely by endoderm D) lined on one side by mesoderm and on the other side by endoderm E) bounded partly by ectoderm Q14.The presence of a coelom is advantageous because. ( Concept 32.3) A) it allows for a third embryonic germ layer B) it is a requirement for a complete digestive tract C) it permits the development of an open circulatory system D) it allows room for the development and movement of internal organs E) All of the listed responses are correct. Q15.Indeterminate cleavage produces embryonic cells that. ( Concept 32.3) A) form ectoderm but not endoderm or mesoderm B) form eggs or sperm C) do not divide according to any recognizable pattern D) retain the capacity to develop into a complete embryo E) form mesoderm but not endoderm or ectoderm Q16.The zygotes of many protostomes undergo cleavage and cleavage. ( Concept 32.3) A) spiral... radial B) radial... indeterminate C) spiral... indeterminate D) spiral... determinate E) radial... determinate
Q17.An animal with a true coelom that has cleavage must be a(n). ( Concept 32.3) A) radial... deuterostome B) radial... protostome C) spiral... deuterostome D) spiral... endostome E) All of the listed responses are correct. Q18.Which of the following is a trait shared by protostomes and deuterostomes? ( Concept 32.3) A) they are diploblastic B) a body cavity C) spiral cleavage D) the anus develops from the blastopore E) indeterminate cleavage Q19.Which of the following is characteristic of protostomes? ( Concept 32.3) A) Ectoderm forms the muscles. B) Mesoderm forms appendages. C) The digestive tract is incomplete. D) Cell fate is determined early during embryonic development. E) The blastopore forms the anus. Q20.Unlike other animals, sponges. ( Concept 32.4) A) possess cell walls B) lack a coelom C) exhibit bilateral symmetry D) lack true tissues E) are unicellular
Q21.Which of the following is the defining characteristic of the clade Ecdysozoa for which this group is named? ( Concept 32.4) A) a horseshoe-shaped crown of ciliated tentacles B) the secretion of stiff external skeletons that must be shed to permit growth C) lack of true tissues D) segmented bodies E) a trochophore larva Q22.Among the characteristics unique to animals is A) gastrulation. B) multicellularity. C) flagellated sperm. D) sexual reproduction. Q23.The distinction between sponges and other animal phyla is based mainly on the absence versus the presence of : A) true tissues. B) a complete digestive tract. C) a body cavity. D) mesoderm. Q24.Which of the following was probably the least important factor in bringing about the Cambrian explosion? The Answer is : C A) an increase in the concentration of atmospheric oxygen B) the emergence of predator-prey relationships C) the movement of animals onto land D) the origin of Hox genes
Q25.Based on the tree in Figure 32.11, which statement is false? A) Bilaterians form a clade. B) Sponges are basal animals. C) The animal kingdom is monophyletic. D) Acoelomate flatworms are more closely related to echinoderms than to annelids.