WEATHER Chapter 24 Pages

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1 Name: Period: _ WEATHER Chapter 24 Pages Vocabulary What is this? What does it look like? (draw a picture or Word diagram) Air Mass Cold Front Warm Front Stationary Front Occluded Front Mid-Latitude Cyclone Thunderstorm Hurricane

2 Vocabulary What is this? What does it look like? (draw a picture or Word diagram) Tornado Thermometer Barometer Anemometer Windvane Radiosonde Radar Station Model

3 I Name Class Date.-- Assessment) th.~p~{ J-tf See. ( - p. (,01 - (P0'j Section: Air Masses MATCHING in the space provided, write the letter of the description that best matches the term or phrase. 1. continental polar 2. maritime tropical 1. maritime polar 4. continental tropical MULTIPLE CHOICE a. an air mass that originates in southern Atlantic and Pacific areas and brings warm, moist air b. an air mass that originates in North Atlantic and North Pacific areas and brings cold, moist air c. an air mass that originates in Canada and brings cold, dry air d. an air mass that originates in U.S. southwest and brings warm, dry air In the space provided, write the letter of the answer choice that best completes each statement or best answers each question. 5. As lower layers of air are warmed, a. the air rises. b. winds form, c. the air <hies. d. the air sinks. 6. What air masses generally move eastward, toward Europe? a. maritime tropical Pacific c. maritime polar Pacific b. maritime tropical Atlantic d. maritime polar Atlantic 7. A large body of air throughout which temperature and moisture con. tent are similar is a(n) a. storm. c. wind belt b. air mass. d. air pressure. 8. An air mass usually brings the weather of a. its destination. c. its path of movement b. its source region. d. an undetermined source. 9. Continental polar, maritime polar, continental tropical, and maritime tropical are types of a. air fronts, b. air systems. C. air masses. d. airflow Air masses responsible for cool, dry air in northern summers are a. cont.inental polar, c. maritime polar. b. maritime tropical. d. continental tropical. ~~~~:'I=: ~~;~:~ I1uICI1:ut. andwil~ooll. All rightsres;~ i~'d!;_ ,W:O-:-ea-:th;-e-' Name Assessment) en I Class ~L{ ~. ~ _ Date p! &bs: - (,,/0 Sedion: Fronts MAlCHlNG In the SJNIC8 provided. write the letter of the rlesaiption tenn or phrase. 1. cold front 2. tornado 1. hurricane 4. wann front 5. midlatitude cyclone 6. thunderstorm MULTIPLE CHOICE thet best matches the a. an area of low pressure, rotating wind that moves toward the rising air of the central low-pressure system b. a destructive, rotating, funnel-shaped column of air with high wind speeds c. the front edge of a moving mass of cold air that pushes beneath a warmer air mass like a wedge d. a brief. heavy stonn with rain, wind, lightning, and thunder e. a severe storm that develops over tropical oceans, whose strong winds spiral in toward the low-pressure storm center f. the front edge of advancing warm air mass that replaces colder air with wanner air In the spate provided. write the letter of the enower dloice that best completes each statement or best.nswers each question. 7. Which of the following is NOT a thunderstorm stage? a. mature c. dissipathlg b. cumulus d. fading B. What type of path does a tornado take if it touches down? a. haphazard c. straight b. extremely wide d. predictable 9. A weather event in which the air sinks and flows outward from a center of high pressure, and that brings dry weather is acn) a. heat storm. Co anticyclone. b. front. d. cyclone. 10. A hurricane begins when warm, moist air rises rapidly and the moisture condenses, releasing energy in the fonn of a. tropical heat. c. rising heat. b. latent heat. d. ionized heat. Copyright. C by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Hok Earth Science 32 _ Weather

4 Name SkillsWorksheet Direded Readin C1ass _ Date _ Name Class _ Date 'FC{_(1 e ~ II Cha_ptt'v ;2~ IDirected Reading continued 10. Why do scientists use barometers to help them predict the weather? _ Section: Weather Instruments 1. Name five measurements on which weather observations are based. 11. Explain how an anemometer works. 2. How do meteorologists use these measurements? MEASURING UPPER-ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS 12. Why do meteorologists study upper-atmospheric conditions? MEASURING LOWER ATMOSPHERIC CONDmONS In the space provided, write the letter of the definition or phrase. that best matches the term 13. What is a radiosonde? 3. thermometer 4. electrical thermometer 5. thermistor 6. barometer 7. anemometer 8. wind vane 9. Describe how an electrical thermometer works. a. an instrument that measures atmospheric pressure b. a thermal resistor that measures temperature and responds quickly to temperature changes c. an instrument that measures wind speed d. an instrument that measures and indicates temperature, often in the form of a sealed glass tube filled with mercury or alcohol e. an instrument that determines the direction of wind with an arrow shaped device that turns freely as the tail catches the wind f. an instrument that measures and indicates temperature using an electric current 14. Explain how a radiosonde works. 15. What is radar? 16. How does radar track a storm? Copyright@ by Holt, Rinehart and Wmston All rights reserved. Holt Earth Science 18 Cop,vright by Holt, Rinehart and Wmston All rights reserved. Weather Holt Earth Science 19 Weather

5 Nrume IDirected Reading continued Class Date _ 17. Explain what Doppler radar can tell meteorologists. 18. What important purpose do weather satellites serve? 19. How do weather satellites measure the direction and speed of the wind at the level of the clouds? 20. How do weather satellites monitor weather at night? 21. What types of marine conditions do weather satellites monitor? 22. Explain how meteorologists use supercomputers to forecast weather. Copyright by Ilolt, lllilehart and Winston. AU rignts reserved. Holt EarthScience 20 Weather

6 Section: Forecasting the Weather p, &/S- 6. How do computers use information supplied by Doppler radar and satellite images? 1. How did people of early civilizations meet the challenges of weather prediction? _ 2. Describe the origins of scientific weather forecasting. _ 7. Explain why meteorologists use more than one computer model to forecast weather. GLOBAL WEATHER MONITORING 3. List seven types of weather observations reported from weather stations around the world. 8. What types of weather information can be predicted most accurately? 9. What types of weather information are more difficult to predict accurately? 4. What are three services provided by the World Meteorological Organization? 10. Explain how meteorologists use computers to make more accurate forecasts. WEATHER FORECASTS 5. How do meteorologists forecast the weather?

7 Name SkillsWorksheet Graphing Skills 0355 _ Date _ Bar Graphs Bar graphs are useful tools for comparing data values. For example, you might compare wind speeds for tornadoes. The Fuiita scale, which is used to measure tornado intensity, considers wind speed as well as the amount of damage caused. Tornadoes are ranked from F-O to F-5, with each level having a minimum and maximum wind speed level. To create a bar graph comparing maximum tornado wind speeds as ranked on the Fujita scale, you would label six bar positions on the x-axis with the Fujita scale rankings (F-O through F-5). On the y-axis you would include a range of maximum wind speeds from 0 to 350 mph in equal increments. Then you would draw bars representing the top wind speeds for each ranking. Your bar graph would look like the sample below: :i: ICI..5. I ~r::: 3: E ::I.5 :E = PRACTICE Fujita Tomado Intensity Scale 350r F-O F-l F-2 F-3 Ranking Use the graph above to answer the following questions. 1_How much more wind speed can an F-4 tornado F-4 F-5 have than an F-2 tornado? Name _ Class Date _ IGraphing Skills continued 3. Why do you think there is no F-Granking? (This category was proposed for the original scale.) 4. TIle following table shows the six highest recorded temperatures in various regions around the world. Use this data to create a bar graph in the grid below. EXTREME HIGH GLOBAL TEMPERATURES Region Temperature ("F) EI Azizia, Libya 136 Death Valley, CA 134 Tirat Tsvi, Israel 129 Cloncurry, Queensland 128 Seville, Spain 122 Rivadavia, Argentina Which tornado ranking includes the most dangerous tornadoes? Copyright by Ilelt, Rinehart and \Ymston. AUrights reserved. Holt EarthScience 29 Weather Copyright~, by IIolt, Rinehart and Wm'Ston.All rights reserved. Ho~ Earth Science 30 Weather

8 Name Date. READING A A HURRICANE'S LIFE DIAGRAM Hurricanes are born over Africa. The giant, swirling storms are fueled by wet weather, winds and warm ocean waters. Read the diagram to learn how hurricanes form. Then use it to help you answer the questions below. After the storm Hurricanes weaken after they reach land. Some never hit land. Instead, they turn northeast and die out over the Atlantic Ocean. Other winds help build the storm Upper- and lowerlevel winds blowing nearby in the same direction help hurricanes gain strength. Winds blowing in different directions or at different speeds can tear the storm apart. ~.TlroDlical storms and hurricanes If the storm holds together, a column-shaped eye forms at its center. Winds spin around it, faster and faster. When winds reach 40 miles per hour, the system is called a tropical storm. When winds reach 74 miles per hour, it's a hurricane. Some storms remain small. But a few gather warm ocean moisture, speeding up as they travel west. When bands of these thunderstorms form a swirling pattern, the system is called a tropical depression. When hot, dry air from the Sahara desert meets cooler, moist air from the Sahel region to the south, small storms form. o :t :P ;u..,." o ;u j 3: '" -n o ;u ~ o tn m -< L o m N '"." -n 1. Hurricanes are born over which continent? _ 2. What do hurricanes need to form? _ :5. What is a tropical depression? _ 4. At which wind speed does a storm turn into a hurricane? _ 5. What happens to a hurricane's strength as it reaches land? _ 0, In which parts of the U.S. are people in great danger of being hit by hurricanes? Why? 2005 TIME FORKIDS, World Report Edition. This page may be photocopied for use with students.' Vol. 11, No.2' September 9,

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