CEOS Overview and JAXA Plans for Water Cycle Observation
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1 CEOS Overview and JAXA Plans for Water Cycle Observation Asian Water Cycle Symposium November 2-4, 2005 Tokyo, Japan Chu Ishida Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
2 Contents 1. CEOS overview 2. CEOS activites 3. JAXA s vision 4. JAXA EO program for water cycle observation 5. Summary 1
3 1. Overview 1.1 What is CEOS? CEOS = Committee on Earth Observation Satellites An international coordinating mechanism charged with coordinating international civil space-borne missions designed to observe and study planet Earth. Individual participating agencies make their best efforts to implement recommendations. Created in 1984 Recognizing the multidisciplinary nature of satellite EO and the value of coordination across all proposed missions. G7 of Industrialized Nations Working Group on Growth, Technology, and Employment s Panel of Experts on Satellite Remote Sensing 2
4 1.3 Structure IGOS Partnership [Chair: BNSC & UNEP] Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (Plenary) [Chair : BNSC (UK)] Strategic Implementation Team (SIT) [Chair : JAXA] Working Group on Information Systems and Services (WGISS) [Chair : USGS] EO data/information manage and supply Working Group on Calibration and Validation (WGCV) [Chair : NASA] EO data and products accuracy and quality Secretariat ESA, EUMETSAT MEXT/JAXA NASA, NOAA Working Group on Education Training and Capacity Building (WGEdu) [Chair : UNOOSA] CEOS activities in education and training Dotted line indicates need for close coordination 3
5 2. CEOS Activities Satellite mission coordination by SIT (Chair: Dr. Horikawa/JAXA) User requirement from IGOS Partners Satellite capabilities of CEOS agencies Gap analysis and gap filling TRMM mission extention to fill gap before GPM JAXA/NASA Scatterometer missions 4
6 Gap Analysis 5
7 2. CEOS Activities Technology harmonization by WGs WGISS Data format (CEOS format) CEOS Earth observation data portal Catalogue Interoperability Protocol (CIP) WGISS Test Facility WGCV Calibration and validation methods Global validation sites WGEdu Portal sites for education and training cources and materials Pilot project for data sharing for capacity building 6
8 2. CEOS Activities Three Data Exchange Principles enable provision of data at lowest possible cost : Data exchange principles to support global change research Data exchage principles to support operational use for public benefits Data exchange principles to support training and eduction 7
9 CEOS and GEO CEOS should offer: its services to GEO for coordination of space components of GEOSS required by the GEOSS Annual Workplan. the services of its working groups in support of GEOSS objectives. And it is suggested that SIT would need to be capable of monitoring the commitments of members to both IGOS-P Themes and to the social benefit areas in the GEOSS 10- Year Implementation Plan, and to encourage specific gaps to be filled. 8
10 3. JAXA Vision Develop launch vehicles and satellites with the highest reliability and world class capability, contributing to the realization of a secure and prosperous society. Promote top science in the field of space science while preparing for Japan s own human space activities and the utilization of the Moon. Conduct flight demonstration of a prototype hypersonic vehicle with the cruising speed at Mach 5. With all of the above activities, contribute to turning the aerospace industry into a key industry. 9
11 Information Gathering and Warning System for Disaster and Crisis Management Positioning Satellites Very large mobile communication satellite Ultra high-speed communication satellite Earth observation satellites Disaster monitoring Information delivering to personal terminals Data collection Information center Residents in disaster areas Providing services directly to personal terminals in disaster areas Ground observation network 10
12 Asian Pilot Project Sentinel-Asia A Satellite Information Distribution Network for Disaster Management of Asia - Pacific 11
13 Integrated global environmental observing system for environmental observations and predictions Satellite observation network Communication satellites Ground observation network Manned/unmanned aircraft Radiosondes LEO GEO Ships Buoys Process study and modelling on atomosphere, ocean, land, watercycles,and global warming by Earth observation data users Predictions using models for climate, hydrological cycle change, and carbon cycle Numerical climate models Super computer (Earth simulator) Direct data distribution to operational users and data archive Assessment of impact from human activities Tools for policy making 12
14 4. JAXA s EO Program Japanese Contribution Field Reduction and Prevention of Disasters Observation Parameter Land Change, Volcanic Ash Fall, Flood Area, etc. Crustal Movements Amount, Biomass, Flood Area, etc. 3D structure of Precipitation, Soil Moisture, etc. Terra /ASTER TRMM /PR ALOS / PRISM, AVNIR-2 ALOS / PALSAR Next Disaster Monitoring Mission GPM /DPR (Dual Frequency Precipitation Radar) Climate Change including Water Cycle Variation Global Warming and Carbon Cycle Change Precipitation, Water Vapor, Sea Surface Temperature, etc. Sea Surafec Wind Vector, etc. Cloud Optical Thickness, Aerosol Optical Thickness, Land Biomass, etc. 3D structure of Cloud and Aerosol, etc. Carbon Dioxide(CO 2 ), Methane(CH 4 ), etc. Aqua /AMSR-E ADEOS-II/AMSR ADEOS-II/SeaWinds ADEOS-II/GLI ADEOS-II/ILAS-II ADEOS-II Follow-on #1/AMSR Follow-on Sensor ADEOS-II Follow-on #1/Microwave Scatterometer ADEOS-II Follow-on #2/GLI Follow-on Sensor EarthCARE /CPR GOSAT / Greenhouse Gas Observation Sensor (GOS) Next Greenhouse Gas Observation Satellite 13
15 Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Japan-U.S. joint mission World's first space-borne precipitation radar (PR) with microwave radiometer and visibleinfrared sensor. Three-dimensional observation of rainfall by PR. Super Typhoon CHABA(19W) Observed at 07:35(UTC) 25 Aug.,
16 Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS (AMSR-E) Observing various geophysical parameters related to global water and energy cycle. Accomplished the scheduled threeyear mission and initiating long-term climate monitoring. El Nino monitoring by AMSR-E. EOS-Aqua (NASA) AMSR-E sea surface temperature (SST). Time series of SST anomaly (AMSR-E minus climate SST) in the box area of upper figure. 15
17 Joint Tropical Cyclone Database for TRMM, AMSR-E and AMSR Browse images, 3D movies and data of tropical cyclones are available. 16
18 Outline of Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Core Satellite Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar Microwave Radiometer Observation of rainfall with more accurate and higher resolution Adjustment of data from constellation satellites JAXA (Japan) Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar NASA(US) Satellite Bus, Micro-wave Radiometer Constellation Satellites 8 Satellites with Microwave Radiometers More frequent Observation Cooperation :NOAA(US), NASA(US), ESA(EU), CNES/ISRO(France/India) and others Global Observation every 3 hours 17
19 ADEOS-II Follow-on Mission (GCOM) JAXA will propose a series of satellites for establishing GEOSS mainly focused on observations of global warming, water cycle and disaster. The series of satellites, GCOM (Global Climate Observation Mission), consist of 2 satellite series: GCOM-W: Sea surface observation mission with AMSR F/O and scatterometer. GCOM-C: Atmospheric and terrestrial observation mission with GLI F/O. 18
20 Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Generate topographic data as Spatial Data Infrastructure at the global scale Support "sustainable development at local to regional scale through monitoring global environmental resources Monitor major disasters at the global scale Exploration of non-renewable resources Launch target: JFY
21 JAXA s Capacity Building at AIT JAXA and AIT are promoting the following three types of capacity building activates. (1) Caravan Training Programs; (2) Mini-Projects; and (3) Workshops 20
22 5. Summary CEOS has played a major role in coordination of satellite missions and harmonization in technology and policy among space agencies. CEOS intends to serve as a primary body for coordinating space-based observations of the GEOSS. JAXA is contributing water cycle observations. 21
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