Recent development of the National Hydro-Meteorological Service (NHMS) of Viet Nam for disaster risk reduction

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1 Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment National Hydro-Meteorological Service Recent development of the National Hydro-Meteorological Service (NHMS) of Viet Nam for disaster risk reduction Tran Van Sap NHMS of Viet Nam

2 Content I. Disasters in Vietnam II. Present Status and Strategic Orientations of Development of NHMS of Viet Nam

3 Vietnam is one of the most disaster prone countries 1. Population: 85 million (2007) 2. Total area: 329,560 sq. km 3. Complex terrain: Three quarters of Vietnam's territory: mountainous and hilly regions Coastline: 3444 km; narrowest area: 40km width 2500 rivers and streams 4. Tropical Monsoon Climate annual precipitation: mm; in central part of Vietnam: about 3000mm; more than 70% of annual rainfall occurs in wet season 5--7 typhoon per year

4 DISASTER IN VIET NAM: Prone to frequent disasters Strong wind Storm surge Heavy rain Tornado Thunder storm El Flash Nino flood Flood and inudation Drought

5 Combination of typhoon, storm surge, heavy rainfall and high tide level will cause extreme floods in large areas in Viet Nam

Example 1: Xangsane typhoon (26 September 2006) 1. Strongest wind in land: 12 level ( 130-150km/h in Da Nang province) 2.

6 Example 1: Xangsane typhoon (26 September 2006) 1. Strongest wind in land: 12 level ( km/h in Da Nang province) 2. Flood: warning III level (water is over bank of rivers). 3. Rainfall Total: maximum 616 mm 4. Loses: 69 death, 2 missing, 525 injury people houses are destroyed

Example 2: Extreme Flood in Mid-Central of Vietnam in

5 days: 2288mm; in A Luoi: 2283mm; in other stations

Losses: 373 deaths; 99 injury; 25,015 destroyed houses,

7 Example 2: Extreme Flood in Mid-Central of Vietnam in 1999 Total rainfall in Hue for 2 days (2-3/11): 1422mm; 5 days: 2288mm; in A Luoi: 2283mm; in other stations around Hue: mm. Losses: 373 deaths; 99 injury; 25,015 destroyed houses, 1027 collapsed schools. Estimation: 1761 bill VND Flash Flood in Hue City Flash flood in Tu Long

Example 3: Recent huge Inundation in Ha Noi

inundation caused by the cold front coming

Some features: Total rainfall per 3 days:

areas) Flood in all small rivers Many areas of

8 Example 3: Recent huge Inundation in Ha Noi (30 October 3 November 2008) This extreme inundation caused by the cold front coming from North. Some features: Total rainfall per 3 days: 560mmm (in Ha Noi); mm (in surrounding areas) Flood in all small rivers Many areas of Ha Noi are packed in high water level for a week 22 deaths; Total losses: 5,000 bill (300mill USD)

9 Disaster Damage Report Total losses 10- year average 2007 Losses of death and missing 750 people 424 people Injury 600 people 747 people Houses: washed away and damaged 570, ,153 houses Infrastructure (damage) Roads Bridge, cannel 346 km 162 item 433 km 333 item Total money (million VND) ( 1 USD=17,000 VND ) 5,171 11,520

together with the socio-economic development, floods cause great losses to every entity living in the

10 Tendency of Disaster Risk in Viet Nam Linda Typhoon, 1997 Big flood and inundation occur in central and southern part of Vietnam have the tendency bigger and more than in 20 century; In recent decades, together with the socio-economic development, floods cause great losses to every entity living in the Central Vietnam. Flood in Central Vietnam in 1999 Typhoon often begin lately and move the lower latitude in Vietnam

11 Every year, the drought happen every where and the tendency more seriously than some decades ago.

II. Present status and strategic orientations of development of NHMS 1. Meteorological Station Network On 29 January 2007, The Government of Viet Nam issued the Decree No.

12 II. Present status and strategic orientations of development of NHMS 1. Meteorological Station Network On 29 January 2007, The Government of Viet Nam issued the Decree No.16/2007 on Master Plan of national environmental and natural resources observation networks Category Present 2020 Surface Meteorologic al Stations Agro- Meteorologic al Stations Raingauge sites

13 2. Aero- Meteorological Observation network Viet Tri radar Category Present 2020 Radiosonde stations 3 11 Weather radars 6 15 Pilot 7 11 Ho Chi Minh city radar Ozone and UV Lightning detection

14 3. Hydrological and Marine Hydro-Meteorological Observation Network Category Present 2020 Hydrological Stations Marine Hydro-Meteorological Stations 17 35

15 4. Water and Air Quality Observation Network Category Present 2020 Air quality stations River water quality stations Sea water quality stations

16 Tele-communication system International Hanoi - Moscow: 100 bauds Hanoi - Beijing: 75 bauds Hanoi - Bangkok: 1200bps PCVSAT: Hanoi - Beijing: 9600bps Replacement by new system based on the Internet Domestic LAN WAN Met TV Internet Voice Using new telecommunication: satellite

17 Forecasting system Central Hydro-Mete. Center Regional Hydro-Met. Center : 9 Regional Hydro- Met. Center Central Hydro-Met. Forecasting Center Regional Hydro- Met. Center Provincial Hydro-Met. Center : 54 Regional Hydro- Met. Center Provincial Hydro-Met. Center Regional Hydro- Met. Center Provincial Hydro- Met. Center Provincial Hydro-Met. Center

Functions of each forecasting level Marine forecasts TV, VOV, Coast broadcast radio stations GTS Central Hydro- Met. Forecasting Center Background forecast Regional Hydro-Met.

18 Functions of each forecasting level Marine forecasts TV, VOV, Coast broadcast radio stations GTS Central Hydro- Met. Forecasting Center Background forecast Regional Hydro-Met. Center Typhoon analysis and forecast Daily, medium- and long-term weather forecasts. Flood forecast Forecasts of heavy rain, cold surge, hot and dry weather. Warnings of severe weather phenomena. Weather and hydrological shortand long-term forecasts for a region Forecasts Provincial Hydro- Met. Center Weather and hydrological shortand long-term forecasts for a province.

19 Development orientation Enrichment of data sources (quantity, quality, in time) for weather, hydrological forecasts and warnings Consolidating and upgrading observation network to meet requirement of storm and flood forecasting and warning activities; Updating observation technology; Upgrading the calibration facilities Strengthening hydro-met. survey capabilities

20 Development of hydro-meteorological forecasting system Modernizing telecommunication system Strengthening material-technical base for forecasting activities; Developing forecasting technologies; Improving forecast system Strengthening coordination mechanism among NHMS units and with other relevant agencies outside NHMS

21 Improvement of meteorological, hydrological, environment data collection, processing, archives and service system Improving the management system of meterological and hydrological data to meet increasing needs of socio-economic activities, sientific research, etc. Strengthening the material technical base for hydro-meteorological documentation. Strengthening partnership with relevant agencies

22 International cooperation Viet Nam is a member of WMO since 1955 and participates in Regional Association II (Asia). Multi-lateral cooperation: UNESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee (since 1979); ASEAN SCMG (since 1995); Mekong River Commission (since 1957) Bilateral cooperation: China (since 1993), US (since 2001), Australia (since 2002), Lao PDR, Cambodia Others: Germany; Japan; France; ADPC; APEC

23 Thank you!

Joint Meeting of RA II WIGOS Project and RA V TT-SU on 11 October 2018 BMKG Headquarter Jakarta, Indonesia. Mrs. Sinthaly CHANTHANA

Joint Meeting of RA II WIGOS Project and RA V TT-SU on 11 October 2018 BMKG Headquarter Jakarta, Indonesia Mrs. Sinthaly CHANTHANA Lao PDR Background Department of Meteorology and Hydrology ( DMH ) in