Temperature. Grade Level: 1-3

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1 Temperature Grade Level: 1-3 Teacher Guidelines pages 1 2 Instructional Pages pages 3 4 Activity Page pages 5-7 Practice Page page 8 Homework Page page 9 Answer Key page 10 11

2 Classroom Procedure: Approximate Grade Level: Ask: Tell about a time it was very hot or very cold. What was it like? 2. Allow for responses and discussion. Display 5-day forecast for local area. Ask students what the numbers mean. 3. Allow for responses and discussion. Introduce temperature. 4. Distribute Temperature content pages. Read and review the information with the students. Clearly distinguish between the Fahrenheit and Celsius scale. Save the final question for the lesson closing. Use the additional resources to enhance understanding. 5. Distribute Activity page 5. Students will use the thermometers and record the temperature in 5 to 10 different places in the school, which can include (if accessible/available): gym, cafeteria, library, art room, hallway, lobby, main office, outdoors in the shade, outdoors in the sun, classroom on a different floor or other part of school, etc. Remain in each area between 1 to 2 minutes, allowing a change with the thermometer. 6. Once completed visiting all available rooms, ask students to explain why some rooms in the building may be warmer or cooler than others, and what other things may affect the changes in temperatures, in the school, outdoors, or for other things or places. 7. Allow for responses and discussion. 8. Distribute Activity pages 6 and 7. Read and review the instructions. Distribute scissors, colored pencils, magazines, or other resources for images. Each temperature range may include 2 to 4 images or drawings. 9. Once completed, for each drawing or image, ask students to explain why they glued in or had drawn the pictures shown in each of the temperature ranges. 10. Distribute Practice page. Check and review the students responses. 11. Distribute the Homework page. The next day, check and review the students responses. 12. In closing, ask: What temperature would you like to live in all year long and why? 13. Allow for responses and discussion. Objectives: The students will be able to define temperature and thermometer, distinguish between Fahrenheit and Celsius, and identify common uses for measuring temperature. Common Core State Standards: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.1.4 CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.2.4 CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.3.4 Class Sessions (45 minutes): At least 2 class sessions. Teaching Materials/Worksheets: Temperature content page(s), Activity page, Practice page, Homework page Student Supplies: Thermometers, old magazines or other sources of pictures, colored pencils, scissors, glue, handouts Prepare Ahead of Time: Needed student supplies, five-day forecast for the school s town for lesson opening. Copy handouts. Options for Lesson: Students may work in pairs or alone for the activities. If thermometers are unavailable, use only the second activity. Students use the thermometers to record the temperature outdoors each day for one month. For older students, teach how to convert from Fahrenheit to Celsius, and back again. Prepare various bowls of water and other liquids or foods, students use a food thermometer to measure the temperatures of each. 1

3 Teacher Notes The lesson introduces temperature to students, both Fahrenheit and Celsius. Most students will understand a high temperature means warm or hot and a low temperature is cold or freezing, but not know the exact freezing and boiling temperatures. In addition, they will be made aware there is a difference between Fahrenheit and Celsius, plus identify various uses of measuring temperature each day. Additional Resources: Content: (Interactive thermometer) Worksheets: Videos: (6 min-and molecules) (2 min-song) (2 min-celsius only) (6 min) (9 min) 2

4 What is Temperature? When it s cold, you probably wear a jacket outside, and if it s hot you may go swimming. How do you know when you need to wear a jacket or if it s okay to go swimming? Before you leave your house, your mom or dad may have seen the temperature for the day. Temperature is a measurement of the coldness or hotness of an object or the air. It could be the air outside, milk in the refrigerator, or the heat inside a hamburger. Temperature is measured using a thermometer. A regular thermometer has a special substance in it that either sinks or rises depending on the amount of heat it is measuring. When the temperature rises, the liquid expands and rises in a tube. If the temperature drops, it does the opposite and drops inside the tube. Numbers on the side of the tube will tell you the temperature. You may know that a distance is measured in inches or feet, but temperature is measured in degrees ( ) Fahrenheit (F). The degree, the number, tells you how hot or how cold something is when it is measured. For example, when it is hot outside it might be 95 degrees Fahrenheit, which you may see written as 95 F. When it is cold outside the temperature might be 25 F. In most other parts of the world, temperature is not measured in Fahrenheit, but measured in degrees Celsius (C). For those countries, if it is hot outside it may be 35 degrees Celsius or 35 C. When it is cold outside it might be -3 C. Usually, the United States only uses Fahrenheit to measure temperature. Sample Temperatures A thermometer is used to take the temperature of your body. Normal is usually 98.6 F. If the temperature is higher, you will have a fever and your head will feel warm. Certain food items may need to be cooked at specific temperatures, like a hamburger: 160 F Freezing temperature, when water turns to ice is 32 F. It needs to be this temperature outside for snow to fall. Your freezer at home is usually much lower than this temperature. The water used to boil an egg or other kinds foods must have a temperature of 212 F. This is a very hot and dangerous temperature. The boiling temperature for Celsius is 100 and freezing is 0 C. Remember, Celsius is used in other countries and rarely in the United States. The part of a refrigerator where the milk, juice, cheese, vegetables, and other foods may be located, the temperature should be about 40 F. 3

5 In some places, during the summer, the temperature may reach over 100 F, and in the winter, the temperature may fall to below 0 F. Both temperatures can become dangerous to people and pets. Hot bath water is often about 100 F and anything hotter can be dangerous. Have you ever been to the beach? The water temperature of the Atlantic Ocean during the summer is usually in the mid-80s, but in the winter it might be in the mid-50s. Hottest temperature ever recorded in the U.S: 134 F Death Valley in Coldest temperature ever recorded in the U.S.: -79 F Alaska in 1971, which is 79 degrees below zero. Why Measure Temperature? It is important to measure temperatures because it gives everyone more information about people, places, or things. For example, knowing the temperature outside helps you to know how to dress. You probably will not wear shorts and a T-shirt if it is 15 F, or wear a heavy coat if it is 90 F. You can find out a prediction of the temperature each day by watching a weather person on television. Before eating certain foods, like the hamburger in the example above, it must be cooked to a specific temperature. If foods are not cooked correctly, they may be dangerous to eat and cause a person to become sick. Even though some foods may seem to be well-cooked, if it does not reach a safe temperature it can cause problems. You may have had a fever once, which may have been discovered when your parent, a nurse, or a doctor took your temperature using a thermometer. The information helped your mom, dad, or a doctor decide on what kind of medicine you may need to help you feel better. Have you ever owned fish? The water in a fish tank must be a precise temperature for many fish or they might die. For example, the temperature of water for goldfish should stay between 68 F and 72 F. Meteorologists, people who study the weather, also learn about temperature to help predict weather. Using a thermometer, reading temperatures, and understanding how hot or how cold things must be, are important to know and help when people plan things, cook, or simply take a bath or play in the ocean. What temperature would you like to live in all year long and why? 4

6 Activity Name Date Record the temperature in each room or outdoor area the class visits. Date Area or Room Use words to describe hotness or coolness of the room F C if available 5

7 Activity Name Date Draw or glue images of people, places, or things related to the given temperatures: 0 F to 32 F 33 F to 50 F 51 F to 65 F 6

8 Activity Name Date 66 F to 80 F 81 F to 99 F 100 F or more 7

9 Practice Name Date Below each thermometer, write the measured temperature. Shade in each thermometer using the given temperatures. 8

10 Homework Name Date Use the word bank to identify the term for each definition. Celsius thermometer Fahrenheit meteorologist temperature 1. A person who predicts and studies the weather and temperature changes. 2. The coldness or hotness of the air or an object or a place. 3. The degree scale of temperature used in the United States. 4. An object with a special substance in it used to tell how hot or cold it is 5.. The degree scale of temperature used in other countries outside the U.S. Answer each question. 1. What is most often the normal body temperature for a person? 2. What is the Fahrenheit temperature for freezing? 3. What is the Celsius temperature for freezing? 4. What is the Fahrenheit temperature for boiling? 5. What is the Celsius temperature for boiling? 6. Circle the best temperature you can use to keep milk cold: 30 F 90 F 65 F 39 F 7. Circle the best temperature for going to the beach and swimming in the ocean: 50 F 0 F 90 F 8. What can happen if hot foods are not cooked properly? 9. Why is it important to measure temperatures? 10. True or False: The temperature in the ocean may be 80 F in the winter, and 50 F in the summer. 9

11 Practice Name Answer Key Date Below each thermometer, write the measured temperature F F F F F F F F 52 F 82 F 48 F 96 F 8 F 69 F 83 F 28 F Shade in each thermometer using the given temperatures F 50 F 22 F 75 F 5 F 90 F 63 F 99 F 10

12 Homework Name Answer Key Date Use the word bank to identify the term for each definition. Celsius thermometer Fahrenheit meteorologist temperature 1. Meteorologist A person who predicts and studies the weather and temperature changes. 2. Temperature The coldness or hotness of the air or an object or a place. 3. Fahrenheit The degree scale of temperature used in the United States. 4. Thermometer An object with a special substance in it used to tell how hot or cold it is. 5. Celsius The degree scale of temperature used in other countries outside the U.S. Answer each question. 1. What is most often the normal body temperature for a person? 98.6 F 2. What is the Fahrenheit temperature for freezing? 32 F 3. What is the Celsius temperature for freezing? 0 C 4. What is the Fahrenheit temperature for boiling? 212 F 5. What is the Celsius temperature for boiling? 100 C 6. Circle the best temperature you can use to keep milk cold: 30 F 90 F 65 F 39 F 7. Circle the best temperature for going to the beach and swimming in the ocean: 50 F 0 F 90 F 8. What can happen if hot foods are not cooked properly? A person can get sick and it can cause problems. 9. Why is it important to measure temperatures? Gives more information about people places or things. 10. True or False: The temperature in the ocean may be 80 F in the winter, and 50 F in the summer. 11

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