Oceanography Quiz 2. Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

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1 Oceanography Quiz 2 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The highest and lowest tides are known as the spring tides. When do these occur? a. During the new moon and full moon c. During the new moon and crescent moon b. Between the half moon and full moon d. Between the full moon and crescent moon 2. The moon has a stronger influence on Earth s tides than the sun because the moona. is denser than the sun c. is much closer to Earth b. has more mass than the sun d. moves much faster relative to Earth 3. Which natural process is the main cause of the ocean currents shown? a. convection c. evaporation b. orbit of Earth d. drift of continents 4. A scientist is studying energy transfer that occurs in the oceans, atmosphere, and Earth s interior. Which of these is the scientist most likely studying? a. Pressure c. Gravity b. Density d. Convection 5. Which of the following causes gyres to form? a. deep currents c. the Equatorial Countercurrent b. Coriolis effect d. West Wind drift 6. The swift, warm current that flows northward along the east coast of the United States is called the a. West Wind Drift c. Gulf Stream b. North Atlantic Current d. North Equatorial Current 7. Deep currents are caused by

2 a. continental barriers c. the Coriolis effect b. differences in density of ocean water d. global wind belts 8. The major cause of tides is the a. tidal bulge of Earth c. Earth s rotation b. Earth s revolution around the sun d. gravitational pull of the moon on Earth and its waters 9. Which of the following factors does NOT control the movement of surface currents? a. location of the continents c. winds b. Earth s rotation d. salinity 10. Which natural event temporarily slows or reverses surface ocean currents in the equatorial region of the Pacific Ocean, cuasing a disruption of normal weather patterns? a. monsoons c. volcanic eruptions b. El Niño d. deforestation 11. Sediments from rivers spread over the deep-ocean basins by means of a. icebergs c. wind b. chemical reactions d. turbidity currents 12. The mixing of cold Arctic Ocean water with warm surface Atlantic currents off the northwestern coast of Europe causes which effect? a. sinking of water as it circulates southwest c. rise in water salinity and upwelling of affected currents b. reversal of current direction back toward the European coast d. rapid evaporation and acceleration of currents toward the pole 13. Solar radiation provides more heat near the equator than near the poles on Earth. The greatest amount of heat is moved away from the equator by a. ocean currents c. surface winds b. aquatic plants d. tectonic plates 14. The Coriolis Effect deflects wind direction. How does this process impact ocean surface currents? a. The wind deflects the currents to the right c. The wind deflects the currents to the left in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in both hemispheres. in the Southern Hemisphere. b. The wind deflects the currents to the left in the Northern Hemisphere and to the right in the Southern Hemisphere. d. The wind deflects the currents to the right in both hemispheres. 15. Ocean currents distribute heat energy over the surface of Earth. The map illustrates a major pattern of water circulation in the oceans.

3 Which point on the map has a colder climate because of the proximity to an ocean current? a. 1 c. 3 b. 2 d Which statement about the relationship between the ocean and atmosphere is most accurate? a. Ocean currents do not affect the c. The ocean can hold heat more efficiently atmosphere. than the air. b. The atmosphere stores more heat than the d. Ocean currents can move faster than air or ocean. wind currents. 17. What is the primary energy source driving circulation of ocean currents on Earth? a. geothermal heating c. solar heating b. planetary rotation d. lunar tidal forces 18. Calling a tsunami a tidal wave is misleading because a. a tsunami is not really a wave. b. a tsunami is not caused by tides. c. a tsunami does not occur in the ocean. d. a tsunami only occurs during ebb tides. 19. Which of the following occurs when the gravity of the sun and moon work against each other to create a small daily tidal range? a. spring tides c. ebb tides b. neap tides d. flood tides 20. A tsunami has a tremendous amount of energy because of its a. long wave period. c. long wavelength. b. high speed. d. great wave height. 21. What are the effects of el nino in the southern states?

4 a. increased precipitation and a milder winter c. increased precipitation and a colder winter b. decreased precipitation and a milder d. decreased precipitation and a colder winter winter 22. What does the term ENSO refer to? a. el nino c. el nino special operation b. el nino southern oscillation d. el nino southern operation 23. What are is the effect of el nino on both Pacific and Atlantic hurricanes? a. More Atlantic hurricanes; less Pacific c. Less Atlantic and Pacific hurrianes hurricanes b. More Atlantic and Pacific hurricanes d. Less Atlantic hurricanes; more Pacific hurricanes

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