PARTICIPANT SECTION CITY OF OSHKOSH

Transcription

1 PARTICIPANT SECTION CITY OF OSHKOSH North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January 2016 North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

2 INTRODUCTION The 2016 North Platte Natural Resources District (NP NRD) Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP) is an update to the plan that was adopted by the North Platte NRD and the city of Oshkosh in March This HMP includes two primary sections: the Regional Hazard Mitigation Plan and the Community (i.e. NRD, County, Municipal, and School District) Profiles. Participant Sections include similar information that s also provided in the Regional section, but rather is specific information for the Oshkosh of Oshkosh, including the following elements: Participation Location /Geography Climate Demographics Transportation Future Development Trends Parcel Improvements and Valuations Critical Infrastructure and Key Resources Historical Hazard Events Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Governance Capability Assessment Plan Integration Mitigation Actions PARTICIPATION Local Planning Team Table XX.1 provides the list of participating community members that comprised the Oshkosh Local Planning Team. Members of the planning team attended Round 1 and Round 2 meetings and provided important information including but not limited to: confirming demographic information, critical facilities, structural inventory, future development trends, hazard history and impacts, identifying hazards of greatest concern for the community, and prioritization of mitigation actions that address the hazards at risk to the community. Table XX.1: The City of Oshkosh Local Planning Team Name Title Department / Organization William Campbell Administrator City of Oshkosh Scott Smith Water Operator City of Oshkosh Public Participation The Local Planning Team made efforts to notify the public of this planning effort and how they could participate in the development of the plan update. The following table identifies the dates and types of public outreach notifications. Table XX.2: Public Notification Efforts Date Notification Location Project Website Link to Project Website Post Project Flyer Participant Section available for public comment and review North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

3 LOCATION AND GEOGRAPHY The City of Oshkosh is located in the south central portion of Garden County and covers an area of 430 acres. The major waterway in the area is the North Platte River. Figure XX.1: Map of the City of Oshkosh CLIMATE For Oshkosh, the normal high temperature for the month of July is 88.2 degrees Fahrenheit and the normal low temperature for the month of January is 10.5 degrees Fahrenheit. On average, Oshkosh gets inches of rain and 28.9 inches of snowfall per year. The following table compares these climate indicators with those of the entire state. Climate data are helpful in determining if certain events are higher or lower than normal. For example, if the high temperatures in the month of July are running well into the 90s, then this indicates extreme heat events, which could impact vulnerable populations such as the very young and the elderly if cooling areas are not provided. Table XX.13: Climate Data for the Oshkosh Oshkosh State of Nebraska July Normal High Temp 88.2 F 88.0 F January Normal Low Temp 10.5 F 12.0 F Annual Normal Precipitation* inches 30.3 inches Annual Normal Snowfall 28.9 inches 25.9 inches Source: NCDC Climate Data Online, Climate Normals *Precipitation includes all rain and melted snow and ice. North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

4 Population Section Seven: City of Oshkosh Participant Section TRANSPORTATION There are two major highways that pass through Oshkosh: US HWY 26 and NE HWY 27. According to the Nebraska Department of Roads the average daily traffic count for US HWY 26 is 2,165 vehicles, 370 of which are heavy trucks to the east of the city and 2,130 vehicles of which 445 of those heavy trucks to the west of the city. NE HWY 27 has an average traffic county of 715 vehicle with 75 of them heavy trucks to the south of the city, the highway ends when it reaches the city. There is one railroad which goes through the center of the city. DEMOGRAPHICS The following figure displays the historical population trend from 1930 to This figure indicates that the population of Oshkosh has been decreasing since Often, with a decreasing population, vacant properties can become a problem for a community. Vacant properties can become an issue when considering natural hazards, because they are not maintained as well as occupied properties. Figure XX.2: Population ,200 1, ,124 1,025 1,067 1, Source: U.S. Census Bureau The following table indicates that Oshkosh has a similar age distribution to that of the county. However, it is important to note that this age distribution is much older than that of the state, with the median age at 52. Older populations tend to be more vulnerable during hazard events like winter storm or extreme heat, which may limit the ability for older populations to access resources. For a more elaborate discussion of this vulnerability, please see Section Four: Risk Assessment. Table XX.4: Population by Age Age Oshkosh State of Nebraska <5 4.7% 7.2% % 79.2% North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

5 Age Oshkosh State of Nebraska > % 13.6% Median Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Year American Community Survey, Table S0101 The following table indicates that Oshkosh s median household income approximately $5,000 lower than Garden County as a whole. Oshkosh has a home value substantially lower than that of the county as a whole.. These economic indicators are relevant to hazard mitigation because they indicate the relative economic strength compared to the county and state as a whole. Economic indicators may also influence a community s resiliency to hazardous events. Table XX.5: Housing and Income Oshkosh Garden County State of Nebraska Median Household Income $34,792 $39,400 $51,672 Per Capita Income $20,197 $26,715 $26,899 Median Home Value $49,200 $61,800 $128,000 Median Rent $532 $545 $706 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Surveys 5-year Estimates, Table DP03 and DP04 The following figure indicates that the majority of the housing in Oshkosh was built prior to According to ACS 5-year estimates, the community has 470 housing units with 82.1 percent of those units occupied. There are approximately 14 mobile homes in the community and 37.5 percent of the community s housing was built before The initial Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) was developed in January Housing built prior to 1990 may not be constructed to include the base-flood elevation requirements and may be at risk to flooding. IBC standards were brought to the state of Nebraska in Homes built before 1990 may not be as resilient as those built after Furthermore, housing age can serve as an indicator of risk as structures built prior to state building codes being developed may be at greater risk, and unoccupied housing may suggest that future development may be less likely to occur. Finally, communities with a substantial number of mobile homes may be more vulnerable to the impacts of high winds, tornados, and severe winter storms. North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

6 Number of Structures Section Seven: City of Oshkosh Participant Section Figure XX.3: Housing Units by Year Built Built Built Before Built Built Built Year Built 23 Built Built Built Built After 2010 Source: Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Surveys 5-year Estimates, Table DP04 Table XX.6: Housing Units Jurisdiction Total Housing Units Occupied Housing Units Occupied Vacant Owner Renter Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Oshkosh % % % % Garden County % % % % Source: Selected Housing Characteristics, ACS 5-year estimate Major Employers The major industries for the City of Oshkosh are educational services and health care (27.3%), agriculture, and forestry (19.7%), and Transportation and warehousing (15.2%). North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

7 DEVELOPMENT TRENDS Figure XX.4: Current Land Use Map North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

8 Figure XX.5: Future Land Use Map North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

9 STRUCTURAL INVENTORY AND VALUATION The planning team requested GIS parcel data from the County Assessor. This data allowed the planning team to analyze the location, number, and value of property improvements at the parcel level. The data did not contain the number of structures on each parcel. A summary of the results of this analysis is provided in the following table. Table XX.7: Structural Inventory/Parcel Improvements Number of Improvements Total Improvement Value Mean Value of Improvements Per Parcel Number of Improvements in Floodplain Value of Improvements in Floodplain 308 $1,254,007 $4, $270,320 Source: Nebraska Department of Revenue, Property Assessment Division North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

10 CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE/KEY RESOURCES Chemical Storage Fixed Sites According to the Tier II System reports submitted to the Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality, there is one chemical storage site in Oshkosh, which houses materials that are categorized as hazardous. The following table lists facilities that house hazardous materials only. Table XX. 8: Chemical Storage Fixed Sites Facility Address Hazardous Material Westsco Highway 26, Oshkosh Anhydrous Ammonia Source: Nebraska Department of Environmental Quality Historic Sites According to the National Register of Historic Places for Nebraska, there is one historic site in Oshkosh. Additional analysis will be completed prior to the Round 2 meeting to complete this table. Table XX. 9: National Historic Registry Site Name Date Listed In Floodplain? Source: Nebraska State Historical Society Garden County Courthouse 1/10/1990 No North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

11 Critical Facilities Each participating jurisdiction identified critical facilities vital for disaster response, providing shelter to the public, and essential for returning the jurisdiction s functions to normal during and after a disaster. Critical facilities were identified during the original planning process and updated by the local planning team as a part of this plan update. The following table and figure provide a summary of the critical facilities for the jurisdiction. North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

12 Table XX.10: List of Critical Facilities in Oshkosh Number Critical Facility 1 Pool & Park 2 Eagles Club 3 Fire 4 City Shop 5 Church Of Christ 6 City Building 7 United Methodist 8 St Elizabeth Catholic Church 9 Garden County High 10 Football Field 11 St George Episcopal 12 Oshkosh Auditorium 13 Elementary School 14 Well 15 Garden County Health Services 16 Ambulance Barn 17 Water Tower & Well 18 NPPD 19 Court House 20 Substation 21 Assembly Of God 22 St Mark s Lutheran 23 Well 24 Ballfields HISTORICAL OCCURRENCES The events recorded by NCDC are broken down by two types: county-based and zone-based events. The county-based records are events that affect the jurisdictions within the county while the zone-based records are those affecting the zone (or a large area) that include the county as part of the affected zone. For zonebased events, there are 127 recorded events from January 1996 to December 2014, but due to the large number of records, only those that resulted in property damages, fatalities, or injuries are demonstrated in the following table. For community-based events, which were reported for City of Oshkosh, there are 127 reported severe weather events from 1996 to Refer to the table below for detailed information of each severe weather event for the City of Oshkosh including date, magnitude, and property damage. Table XX.12: NCDC Severe Weather Events for the City of Oshkosh Date Hazard Magnitude Deaths Injuries Property Damage 7/13/1997 Flash Flood 0 0 $50,000 8/28/2002 Flash Flood 0 0 $12,000 9/4/1997 Hail 0.75 in 0 0 $1,000 5/19/1998 Hail 1.75 in. 0 0 $2,000 5/19/1998 Hail 1.75 in. 0 0 $1,000 6/16/1998 Hail 0.75in 0 0 $5,000 6/21/1998 Hail 2 in. 0 0 $100,000 6/21/1998 Hail 1.75 in 0 0 $50,000 8/11/1998 Hail 1.75 in. 0 0 $10,000 6/24/1999 Hail 2 in 0 0 $8,000 6/27/1999 Hail 1.75 in 0 0 $60,000 7/19/1999 Hail 1.75 in. 0 0 $4,000 7/15/2001 Hail 1 in 0 0 $6,000 8/20/2001 Hail 1.5 in 0 0 $20,000 8/26/2002 Hail 1 in. 0 0 $8,000 6/12/2003 Hail 1 in. 0 0 $1,000 5/21/2004 Hail 1 in. 0 0 $7,000 5/21/2004 Hail 1 in. 0 0 $1,000 North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

13 Date Hazard Magnitude Deaths Injuries Property Damage 9/14 Hail 1.75 in. 0 0 $3,000 4/19/2005 Hail 1.75 in. 0 0 $1,000 3/28/2007 Hail 1.75 in. 0 0 $5,000 6/11/2007 Hail 2 in. 0 0 $5,000 7/18/2007 Hail 1.75 in. 0 0 $5,000 8/14/2007 Hail 1.75 in. 0 0 $13,000 6/8/2012 Hail 2.5 in. 0 0 $8,000 7/2/1998 Thunderstorm Wind 0 0 $10,000 4/29/2000 Thunderstorm Wind 78 kts./ 90 mph 0 0 $2,000 5/17/2000 Thunderstorm Wind 57 kts./ 66 mph 0 0 $500 7/29/2004 Thunderstorm Wind 62 kts./ 71 mph 0 0 $15,000 8/10/2005 Thunderstorm Wind 43 kts./ 49 mph 0 0 $150,000 7/4/2006 Thunderstorm Wind 52 kts./ 60 mph 0 0 $150,000 5/21/2008 Thunderstorm Wind 61 kts./ 70 mph 0 0 $6,000 Source: National Climatic Data Center in. = inches; kts = knots; EG = Estimated Gust It should be noted that property and crop damage from the NCDC Storm Events Database should be considered as broad estimates only. The National Weather Service makes a best guess on these amounts at the time of the publication from a variety of sources. Sources include but are not limited to emergency management, local law enforcement, skywarn spotters, NWS damage surveys, newspaper clipping services, insurance industry, and the general public. The USDA Risk Management Agency provides data for crop insurance claims due to hazardous events but at the county level only. The following table provides claim information for Garden County due to hazards from January 2000 through December North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

14 RISK ASSESSMENT Hazard Identification The following table is a localized risk assessment of hazards identified specifically for Oshkosh. Refer to Section Four: Risk Assessment for an explanation of this methodology. Table XX.13: Risk Assessment HAZARD TYPE PREVIOUS OCCURRENCE /No LOCAL LOSSES SPECIFIC CONCERNS IDENTIFIED Agricultural Animal Disease No - - Agricultural Plant Disease No - - Chemical Spills (Fixed Site) No - - Chemical Spills (Transportation) No - - Civil Disorder No - - Dam Failure No - - Drought 15 years with less than typical Economic concerns precipitation Earthquakes No - - Extreme Heat No - - Flooding No - - Grass/Wildfires Minor fire events, spread from prescribed burn areas Hail Vehicle damages, roof damages High Winds Tree damages Controlled burns overshooting perimeters Future damages to vehicles, roofs mph winds occur 3 or 4 times per year Landslides No - - Levee Failure No - - Radiological Incident (Fixed Site) No - - Radiological Incident (Transportation) No - - Severe Thunderstorms Severe Winter Storms 4-5 storms per season 2-3 storms per season Hail damages, flooding, high winds Extreme temperatures, drifts on roadways, treacherous road conditions Terrorism No - - Tornados No - - Urban Fire Lost 3 homes and 2 businesses in 15 years Burned homes, burned businesses North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

15 For more information regarding these area wide hazards, please see Section Four: Risk Assessment. The following provides community specific information, reported in Oshkosh s Risk Assessment Summary, that is relevant to each hazard. When presented with a list of the hazards in the State of Nebraska Hazard Mitigation Plan, Oshkosh identified drought, tornados, severe winter storm, hail, and severe thunderstorms as the top concerns. Hail The Local Planning Team listed hail as a top concern for the community. Hail is very common for the planning area as a whole, the recent local events included a hail storm in 1997, many homes needed to reroof after that event. After the 1997 event, between 5 and 10% of residents began putting in metal roofs. A few characteristics of Oshkosh make the community less prone to lasting impacts from hail events. Most of the city s critical facilities are built with hail resistant materials. The city does not distribute any sort of materials on hail mitigation, which can result in the public s oversight on potential hail mitigation actions. Drought The Local Planning Team listed drought as a top concern for the community. Drought is very common in the planning area as a whole, and Oshkosh has been experiencing drought effects since The community has worked to mitigate the potential effects of drought, by passing an ordinance on water restrictions and daily well monitoring. Oshkosh has struggled with a clean municipal water supply in the past, due to arsenic and uranium concentrations. The community is currently digging new wells to service the city, six miles north of the community. Seven wells are to be completed by 2017, each with a backup generator in case of a power outage. The community will also be installing a new water tower, with a capacity of 250,000. Flood The Local Planning Team listed flooding as a top concern for the community. The Local Planning Team indicated that six or seven inches of flooding will result in flooding in Oshkosh. Generally Oshkosh has struggled with floodplain issues in the past. In 1987, after a request for a letter of map amendment, Oshkosh was taken out of the floodplain, but in 2000, the community was again included in the floodplain. The village seldom sees much flooding, as the most recent event occurred in Oshkosh has good drainage which helps the community get rid of water rapidly. The community is a part of the National Flood Insurance Program, but have relatively few participants, due to the program being cost prohibitive for many of the citizens in Oshkosh. Severe Winter Storm The Local Planning Team identified severe winter storms as a top concern for the community. The most significant recent event occurred in the winter of 2014/2015. The community has a number of characteristics which make the community more vulnerable to lasting impacts due to a severe winter storm. The community has a median age of 52.0, much higher than the state s median of Elderly individuals often have trouble navigating snow and ice, and the community as a whole may be more vulnerable to winter storms as a result of these demographics. The community has developed a snow route plan to prioritize main transportation routes through the city: Main Street, West 2 nd Street, and areas around the school and hospital are the top priorities of Oshkosh. Additionally, Oshkosh sets out snow fences on the northern side of town, to prevent snow drifts from forming on the roadways. In case of a power outage, Oshkosh has supplied generators to the hospital, courthouse and sheriff s offices, to protect these locations from hampering daily functions. Severe Thunderstorms North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

16 The Local Planning Team identified severe thunderstorms as a top concern for the community. Severe thunderstorms are extremely common in the planning area, especially in the late spring and early summer. In Oshkosh, about 50% of homes have basements to seek refuge in the case of a severe thunderstorm, for those homes which do not have basements, the Local Planning Team indicated that these residents would likely go to a neighbor s home, or perhaps the school. To protect against lasting impacts from a severe thunderstorm, the city backs up all of it s digital municipal records. A weather siren has been installed on the water tower to inform citizens of hazardous weather in the area. Oshkosh has also worked to place weather radios at the school and city hall to inform individuals about local severe weather, who may not hear the siren. In previous years, the community has worked to educate citizens about the dangers of severe thunderstorms by hosting a storm spotter training course at the fire department. Generally, to prevent flooding in Oshkosh, the primary concern of the community is to clean ditches and culverts. North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

17 GOVERNANCE A community s governance indicates the number of boards or offices that may be available to help implement hazard mitigation actions. Oshkosh has a number of offices or departments that may be involved in implementing hazard mitigation initiatives. The Oshkosh board has a 4 member city council and a mayor. Mayor: Jim Levick City Council Number of Members: 4 Clerk/Treasurer Fire Chief Administrator & Director of Economic Development North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

18 CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT The capability assessment consisted of two main components: a Capability Assessment Survey completed by the jurisdiction and a review of local existing policies, regulations, plans, and the programs. The survey is used to gather information regarding the jurisdiction s planning and regulatory capability; administrative and technical capability; fiscal capability; and educational and outreach capability. Table XX.17: Capability Assessment Survey Components/Subcomponents Existing (/No) Planning and Regulatory Capability Administrative and Technical Capability Fiscal Capability Education and Outreach Capability Comprehensive Plan Capital Improvements Plan Hazard Mitigation Plan Economic Development Plan Emergency Operational Plan Natural Resources Protection Plan N/A Open Space Preservation Plan No Floodplain Management Plan Storm Water Management Plan Zoning Ordinance Subdivision Regulation/Ordinance Floodplain Ordinance Building Codes National Flood Insurance Program N/A Community Rating System No Other (if any) - Planning Commission Hazard Mitigation Planning Commission Floodplain Administration Emergency Manager GIS Coordinator No Chief Building Official Civil Engineering Staff Who Can Assess Community s Vulnerability to Hazards Grant Manager Other (if any) - Capital Improvement Project Funding Community Development Block Grant Authority to Levy Taxes for Specific Purposes Gas/Electric Service Fees /Contract Storm Water Service Fees No Water/Sewer Service Fees Development Impact Fees General Obligation Revenue or Special Tax Bonds Other (if any) - Local citizen groups or non-profit organizations focused on environmental protection, emergency preparedness, access and functional needs populations, etc. Ongoing public education or information program (e.g., responsible water use, fire safety, household preparedness, environmental education) North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

19 Survey Components/Subcomponents Existing (/No) Natural Disaster or Safety related school programs StormReady Certification Firewise Communities Certification No Public-private partnership initiatives addressing disasterrelated issues Other (if any) - PLAN INTEGRATION Building safe and smart communities can be accomplished through effective Plan integration. Integrating hazard mitigation principles into other local planning mechanisms, such as plans addressing land use, transportation, climate change, sustainability, natural and cultural resource protection, watershed management, economic development and others can greatly increase an area s level of resiliency. While this HMP planning process involved interdepartmental coordination at the local level, this planning process also sought to analyze how existing planning mechanisms were presently integrated and make suggestions for further integration. The plans listed in the preceding table were analyzed using guidance from FEMA s 2014 Plan Integration Guide. The following paragraph presents a summary of the findings of this analysis. Summary MITIGATION STRATEGY Completed Mitigation Actions Description Goal/ Objective Hazard(s) Addressed Estimated Cost Status Purchased in 2012 Locations Backup Generators Provide a portable or stationary source of backup power to redundant power supplies, municipal wells and other critical facilities and shelters Tornados, high winds, severe winter storms, severe thunderstorms Ongoing and New Mitigation Actions New Municipal Well Description Communities can evaluate the need to install a new well to provide a safe backup water supply for the community, replace existing wells affected by drought, and additional water for fire protection. Goal/ Objective Hazard(s) Addressed Drought Estimated Cost $350,000-$450,000 Funding Water Rates Status Currently, village has purchased land, test wells have been drilled, and water quality is excellent. The community is still looking for funding assistance. Timeline 2-5 years Priority High Lead Agency City Water & Utilities Department North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

20 Locations Description Goal/ Objective Hazard(s) Addressed Estimated Cost Funding Status Timeline Priority Lead Agency Locations 6 miles north of Oshkosh Storm Shelters/ Safe Rooms Assess, design and construct fully supplied safe rooms in highly vulnerable urban and rural areas such as mobile home parks, campgrounds, schools, and other such areas throughout the planning area. Assess the adequacy of current public buildings to be used as safe rooms. Construct safe rooms in areas of greatest need, either as new construction or retrofitting. Tornados and high winds $200-$300/sq ft stand alone; $150-$200/ sq ft addition/retrofit Grant applications Presently cost prohibitive 1 year Medium City Hospital/Nursing home, Schools, General public as a result of a lack of basements Maintain good standing in the National Flood Insurance Program Description Maintain good standing with the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) including floodplain management practices/ requirements and regulation enforcements and updates. Goal/ Objective Goal 2, Objective 2.3 Hazard(s) Addressed Flooding Estimated Cost N/A Timeline Ongoing Lead Agency Utilities Department Floodplain Management Description Continue or improve floodplain management practices such as adoption and enforcement of floodplain management requirements (regulation of construction in SFHAs), floodplain identification and mapping (local requests for map updates), description of community assistance and monitoring activities, explanation for failure to participate in the NFIP, Community Rating System (CRS), and participation in FEMA s Cooperating Technical Partners Program (CTP) to increase local involvement in the flood mapping process. Goal/ Objective Goal 2, Objective 2.3 Hazard(s) Addressed Flooding Estimated Cost Funding Sewer budget Status Not yet started Timeline Priority Low Lead Agency Storm sewer Locations Existing floodplain areas Removed Mitigation Actions Stormwater System and Drainage Improvements North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January

21 Description Reason for Removal Description Reason for Removal Description Reason for Removal Description Reason for Removal Larger communities generally utilize underground stormwater systems compromising of pipes and inlets to convey runoff. Untersized systems can contribute to localized flooding. Stormwater system improvements may include pipe upsizing and additional inlets. Smaller communities may utilize stormwater systems comprising of ditches, culverts, or drainage ponds to convey runoff. Currently have adequate storm water drainage Stream Bank Stabilization/ Grade Control Structures/ Channel Improvements Stream bank/ bank degradation can occur along many rivers and creeks. Stabilization improvements including rock rip rap, vegetative cover, j-hooks, boulder vanes, etc. can be implemented reestablish the channel banks. Grade control structures including sheet-pile weirs, rock weirs, ponds, road dams, etc. can be implemented and improved to maintain the channel bed. This has never been a significant concern in Oshkosh. Drainage Study/ Stormwater Master Plan Preliminary drainage studies and assessments can be conducted to identify and prioritize design improvements to address site specific localized flooding/drainage issues to reduce and/or alleviate flooding The city has adequate drainage for stormwater Public Awareness/ Education Through activities such as outreach projects, distribution of maps and environmental education increase public awareness of natural hazards to both public and private property owners, renters, businesses, and local officials about hazards and ways to protect people and property from these hazards. In addition, educate citizens on erosion control and water conservation methods. No longer a priority North Platte NRD Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan Update January