Meteorology. Circle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer

Transcription

1 Chapter 3 Worksheet 1 Meteorology Name: Circle the letter that corresponds to the correct answer 1) If the maximum temperature for a particular day is 26 C and the minimum temperature is 14 C, the daily mean would be: a) 20 C. b) 13 C. c) 12 C. d) 40 C. e) The daily mean cannot be determined with the data provided. 2) If the maximum temperature on a particular day is 30 F and the minimum temperature is 21 F, then the daily temperature range is: a) 25.5 F b) 9 F c) 51 F d) the daily temperature range cannot be determined with the data provided. 3) How is the annual mean temperature calculated? a) It is the average of the warmest and the coldest temperatures recorded during that year. b) It is the average of the warmest and the coldest monthly mean temperatures. c) It is the average of all 12 monthly mean temperatures. d) It is the average of all the daily mean temperatures for the year. 4) The annual range of temperature may be described as: a) the difference between the average temperatures of the warmest and coldest months. b) the sum of the average temperatures for each month of the year. c) the difference between maximum and minimum temperatures during the period of one month. d) the difference between maximum and minimum temperatures over a period of one year. MONTH January February March April May June July August September October November December MONTHLY MEAN TEMP F 29.9 F 36.9 F 42.9 F 46.8 F 58.2 F 66.1 F 65.2 F 57.6 F 49.1 F 32.5 F 27.5 F 5) Refer to the chart above of 2010 monthly mean temperatures for the state of Idaho. Based on this data, what was the average annual temperature for Idaho in 2010? a) F b) 45.1 F c) 46.8 F d) 38.6 F 6) Refer to the chart above of 2010 monthly mean temperatures for the state of Idaho. Based on this data, what was the annual temperature range for Idaho in 2010? a) 38.6 F b) 45.1 F c) 47.3 F

2 7) An isotherm on a map: a. connects points of equal temperature. b. represents the coldest place on the map. c. represents the warmest place on the map. d. identifies all places that have the same annual mean temperature. 8) A primary reason for drawing isotherms on a map of temperature values is to allow: a. recognition of temperature patterns. b. determination of temperature ranges. c. calculation of mean values. d. elimination of extreme values. 9) The is defined as the amount of temperature change per unit of distance. a. range in temperature b. temperature gradient c. degree dissipation d. isotherm 10) Consider the isotherm map of the United States shown above. Which of the following statements best describes the area between Las Vegas, NV, and Palm Springs, CA? a) This area exhibits one of the greatest temperature gradients on the map. b) This area exhibits one of the lowest temperature gradients on the map. c) One would expect to encounter a temperature of 40 F if driving from Las Vegas to Palm Springs. d) The average temperature in this area is below freezing.

3 11) Consider the isotherm map of the United States shown above. Which of the following is the best realistic estimate of the current temperature at the spot marked by an X? a. 70 F b. 75 F c. 80 F d. 85 F 12) Which of the following associations is CORRECT? a. high latitude low annual temperature range b. land distributes heat through convection c. water high specific heat d. evaporation raises the temperature of air 13) All of the following explain the difference between land and water temperature patterns EXCEPT: a. Land has a higher specific heat than water. b. Radiation does not penetrate as deeply in land as it does in water. c. Convective mixing helps distribute heat energy throughout a water body. d. Evaporative cooling is more common over water than over land. 14) Over a one year period, how thick a layer in the oceans is subject to heating and cooling as the seasons change? a. 6 meters b. over 200 meters c. 15 meters d. 10 centimeters e. 1 meter 15) The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 C is called: a. latent heat. b. specific heat. c. kinetic heat. d. conductive heat. 16) The highest accepted temperature record for the United States is 57 C (134 F) and was set at: a. Death Valley, California. b. Dodge City, Kansas. c. Salt Lake City, Utah. d. Houston, Texas. e. Key West, Florida. 17) The specific heat of water is high; what does this mean? a. Water will always be warmer than other materials for the same energy gain or loss. b. Water has a high density. c. Water must gain or lose large amounts of energy when its temperature changes. d. Water absorbs a higher percentage of solar energy than land does.

4 18) A primary reason why land areas warm up more rapidly than water areas is that: a. land is a better emitter of energy. b. evaporation is usually greater on land. c. on land, all solar energy is absorbed in a shallow layer. d. heat from Earth's interior warms the land. e. land absorbs more solar energy. 19) Which American state ties Alaska for the lowest recorded high temperature? a. North Dakota b. Hawaii c. Maine d. Vermont e. Minnesota 20) Two cities are located at the same latitude (40 degrees). City A is in the Southern Hemisphere and City B is in the Northern Hemisphere. Assume the two cities reflect the general characteristics of the hemispheres where they are located. Which city should have the warmer winter temperatures? a. City A b. City B c. Both cities should have nearly identical winter temperatures. 21) How does the phase change of water from liquid to vapor generally influence the air temperature experienced in locations near water? a) They have higher maximum temperatures. b) Water phase change has no specific influence. c) Air temperatures are generally warmer. d) Air temperatures are generally cooler. 22) Which of the following factors would have the net effect of making a place warmer in the summer? a. in the middle of a landmass b. at a high elevation c. at a high latitude d. near an ocean 23) The annual temperature range at most latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere is much smaller than that in the Northern Hemisphere. The reason for this is that: a) less area is covered by desert in the Southern Hemisphere. b) there is a greater percentage of water surface in the Southern Hemisphere. c) a greater proportion of the land surface is mountainous in the Southern Hemisphere. d) rainfall and cloudiness are greater in the Southern Hemisphere. e) the earth is closest to the Sun during the Southern Hemisphere summer. Circle T if the statement is true or F if the statement is false T F 24) Isotherm lines do not always pass directly through observing station locations. T F 25) There are two ways to measure the daily mean temperature, and they could give two different results. T F 26) Locations that have the same Sun angle always have very similar temperatures.

5 T F 27) Surface air temperatures rise and fall more slowly over land areas. T F 28) Typically, daily temperature changes in land surfaces are greater than those for water surfaces. T F 29) The warmest temperature ever recorded in the United States occurred in Death Valley, CA T F 30) The hottest surface temperature ever recorded in the United States was 134 F T F 31) Land cools more slowly than water during autumn because the land has a smaller specific heat value. T F 32) The influence of large lakes or oceans generally reduces the annual temperature range. T F 33) Evaporation of water from lakes and moist soil increases their temperatures. T F 34) The Southern Hemisphere is also referred to as the water hemisphere. T F 35) Ocean currents owe their existence primarily to the rapid rotation of the earth about its axis. Answer the following questions 36. The calculations of growing degree days, heating degree days and cooling degree days all require to be known. 37. List three factors that contribute to the differential heating of land and water. 38. Two inland cities are located at the same latitude and within 50 km of each other. City A has an annual mean that is 12 C lower than City B. What control is the most likely cause for the much lower annual mean at City A? Why?