Science Review 2 1. SURFER

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1 Science Review 2 Name: ate: 1. SURFER surfer paddles out from shore in search of the perfect wave. The surfer has a weight of 500 N and the surfboard weighs 100 N. When the surfer is on a surfboard floating on calm water, what is the buoyant force pushing up on the board?. 100 Newtons. 400 Newtons. 500 Newtons. 600 Newtons 2. Leshawna used the same force in the same way to push on three boxes. The boxes weighed 3 kg, 5 kg, and 10 kg. Which box moved most quickly, and which moved most slowly?. The 10 kg box moved most quickly; the 3 kg. The 5 kg box moved most quickly; the 10 kg. The 10 kg box moved most quickly; the 5 kg. The 3 kg box moved most quickly; the 10 kg 3. When you are driving a car, why is braking less effective on a wet road than on a dry road?. The water reduces friction.. Kinetic energy is increased by water.. Friction increases when the brakes are wet.. Reaction time is reduced during a rainstorm. 5. Your teacher asks you to list the characteristics of copper, glass, plaslic, and wood. Under which material would you list conductor of electricity.. copper. glass. plastic. wood 6. The roof of a house gets very hot in the summer. Light-colored roofs reflect heat. ark-colored roofs absorb heat. The table below shows the summer temperatures of roofs on four different houses. Temperatures of Roofs in the Summer Roof Temperature Which roof is most likely lightest in color?. Roof 1. Roof 2. Roof 3. Roof 4 7. Which best describes the physical change of an aluminum soda can after it is crushed?. There is a change in the mass of the can.. There is a change in the weight of the can.. There is a change in the volume of the can.. There is a change in the specific heat of the can. 4. Which of these is an example of chemical energy being converted into thermal energy?. water boiling. butter melting. candles burning. steam condensing page 1

2 8. Which situation is an example of an animal behavior that is not passed on genetically to the offspring of the animal? 11.. a salmon swimming upstream to spawn. a squirrel moving toward a person to get food. a bird migrating to a warmer climate for winter. a baby turtle moving toward water after hatching 9. child has blue eyes, but both of her parents have brown eyes. What can best be concluded from this statement? 10.. Eye color is not an inherited trait.. The child has other biological relatives with blue eyes.. The eyes of the child changed from brown to blue. What most likely would happen if the frog population decreased in the area?. The grass would grow taller.. The heron would have more fish to eat.. The fish population would increase.. The grasshopper population would increase. 12. Which best summarizes the order of energy flow in a food chain?. sun to decomposers to producers to consumers. sun to consumers to decomposers to producers. sun to producers to consumers to decomposers. sun to producers to decomposers to consumers 13. food web is shown below. The food web shown above represents the flow of energy to all participants in an ecosystem. Which participant, if eliminated, would destroy the entire food web?. rabbit. grass In this food web, the trophic level with the least energy includes which of the following organisms?. grasses. mice. snakes. hawks. hawk. grasshopper page 2 Science Review 2

3 Use the information to answer the following question(s). Water ycle ynamics The total amount of water on Earth is nearly constant, although the location and forms of water are continuously changing. These changes, which are part of the overall process called the water cycle, require an input of energy and are affected by the locations of bodies of water and landmasses. The relative amounts of water in the three physical states also change slowly on a geologic time scale. These changes have recently been affected by human activities. Water content in the gaseous state in the atmosphere is usually reported as relative humidity. This is a measure of the amount of water present compared to the maximum possible amount of water the atmosphere can hold at a given temperature. Relative humidity is expressed as a percentage. page 3 Science Review 2

4 14. Which statement best describes how heat is transferred by convection currents in the atmosphere?. Higher-energy air particles rise and lower-energy air particles sink.. Energy is transferred from particle to particle as they collide.. hanges of state in the atmosphere absorb and release energy.. Energy is transferred as long-wavelength electromagnetic radiation. 15. The reason that sea and land breezes form is. the land heats and cools more slowly than the water.. the land heats and cools more quickly than the water.. air moves more easily over water than over land.. air moves more easily over land than over water. 17. Which statement describes the general movement of air masses?. They move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.. They move from areas of high altitude to areas of low altitude.. They move from areas of low humidity to areas of high humidity.. They move from areas of low temperature to areas of high temperature. 18. Which occurs within a high-pressure system?. the formation of tornadoes. the formation of hurricanes. large clouds, as air rises. calm weather, as air sinks 19. weather map is shown below. 16. Which most likely occurs when a fast-moving cold air mass moves into a region of warmer, moist air?. It causes light precipitation for a long period of time.. It causes light precipitation for a short period of time.. It causes heavy precipitation for a long period of time.. It causes heavy precipitation for a short period of time. What region of the United States is experiencing the hottest weather?. Northeast. Southeast. Southwest. Northwest page 4 Science Review 2

5 20. Which best describes the Gulf Stream?. a warm air mass that brings strong thunderstorms. a warm ocean current that influences weather along the east coast of the United States. a body of cold water in the tlantic Ocean 21. Which path shows how humans might get energy from the sun.. sun cow human. sun cow grass human. sun grass cow human. sun grass sheep cow human 22. meteorologist records the amount of sunshine, rain, snow, and other meteorological events of a region over a long period of time. Which of the following is he most likely observing?. atmospheric pressure. climate. precipitation. weather 23. Why can frogs and snakes live in the same garden? 24. What prevents plant growth beneath the trees in thick forests?. The trees limit the amount of sunlight that is able to reach the ground.. The roots of the trees make it difficult for plants to grow.. Little water reaches the ground under the trees.. The temperature of the soil under the trees does not allow plants to grow. 25. Which is the best example of habitat reduction caused by humans?. irds and animals flee a forest fire caused by lightning.. irds become sick from eating insects new to their area.. Fish swimming to breeding grounds are blocked by dams.. new species of fish migrates up a river, competing with native fish for food. 26. What do meteorologists depend on to forecast an approaching storm?. air pressure. temperature. humidity. wind speed. oth keep weeds out of the garden.. oth help different plants to grow.. oth occupy different niches.. oth compete for water. 27. Most warm and cold air masses that enter North arolina are moved by global winds. Which global winds are responsible for most of the local weather in North arolina?. northeast trade. southeast trade. polar easterlies. prevailing westerlies page 5 Science Review 2

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