Estimation of Solar Radiation using Daily Low and High Temperature

Transcription

1 한국관개배수논문집제 20 권제 1 호 KCID J. Vol. 20 No. 1 ( ) pp. 90~101 Estimation of Solar Radiation using Daily Low and High Temperature 오시영 * 박진기 ** 박종화 *** Oh Siyoung Park Jinki Park Jonghwa Abstract Solar radiation is the primary energy source for many field, including water and heat balance, evaporation, photosynthesis, and crop growth. Unfortunately, solar radiation is measured at very few meteorological stations it is often estimated from the sunshine duration or cloudiness. In the absence of both these variables, solar radiation can be estimated by differences of air temperature. In this paper, a model to estimate daily solar radiation from air temperature measurements is presented. The result evaluated the accuracy of Bristow-Campbell (B&C) model for estimating daily mean solar radiation across South Korea. In the model, station parameters are derived from measured solar radiation, so neither historical climatic records nor calibration parameters are required for the calculations. The model was tested for 22 meteorological stations which taken from Korea Meteorological Association (KMA) by comparing estimated and measured solar radiation data. Measured and estimated air transmittance were separately used as model input parameters and model results were compared. The model using air temperature was the moderate model for either estimated solar radiation for the site where coefficients of the model were developed at the site or imported from other sites. Correlation coefficients (R 2 ) between estimated solar radiation and measured solar radiation and root mean squared error (RMSE) associated with the estimates were calculated. This comparison showed that when measured solar radiation is substituted. Also, it can extend the effectiveness of these applications to inland and coastal areas where solar radiation is not or is only rarely measured by meteorological networks. * 충북대학교대학원 (bolkillme@naver.com) 키워드 : solar radiation, meteorological data, ** 충북대학교대학원 (krfamily@nate.com) sunshine duration, air temperature, *** 충북대학교지역건설공학과교수 ( 교신저자 : jhpak7@cbnu.ac.kr) mean bias error(mbe), root mean square error(rmse)

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3 Ⅱ. Table 1. Geographic Characteristics of the Measurement Stations Fig. 1. Location of the Solar Radiation Measurement Stations in South Korea Station Latitude (, ') (N) Longitude (, ') (E) Elevation (m) Chuncheon Gangneung Daekwanryung Seoul Incheon Wonju Suwon Seosan Cheongju Andong Daejeon Chupungryong Pohang Daegu Jeonju Gwangju Jinju Busan Mokpo

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6 Table 2. Variation of the Model Parameters, R-square and RMSE for the 22 Meteorological Stations Using Daily Mean Solar Radiation Data Station a c R 2 (MJ/ m2 RMSE month) Chuncheon Gangneung Daekwanryung Seoul Incheon Wonju Suwon Seosan Cheongju Andong Daejeon Chupungryong Pohang Daegu Jeonju Gwangju Jinju Busan Mokpo Average

7 (a) Cheongju a=0.702 c=2.29 y=0.674x R²=0.404 (b) Daegu a=0.776 c=2.25 y=0.675x R²=0.429 (c) Seoul a=0.721 c=2.26 y=0.713x R²=0.403 (d) Wonju a=0.701 c=2.33 y=0.742x R²=0.471 Fig. 2. Regression Plots of Model Estimated Versus Observed Air Transmittance Across 4 Locations in Inland (a) Cheongju (b) Daegu (c) Seoul (d) Wonju (a) Mokpo a=0.738 c=2.22 y=0.528x R²=0.214 (b) Incheon a=0.713 c=2.27 y=0.582x R²=0.289 (c) Busan a=0.738 c=2.22 y=0.827x R²=0.469 (d) Pohang a=0.768 c=2.18 y=0.685x R²=0.417 Fig. 3. Regression Plots of Model Estimated Versus Observed Air Transmittance Across 4 Locations in Coastal Areas (a) Mokpo (b) Incheon (c) Busan (d) Pohang

8 Table 3. R-squares and RMSE Computed in the Comparison Between Observed and Estimated Daily Solar Radiation for Parameters (a=0.74, c=2.24) Station R² RMSE (MJ/ m2 month) Chuncheon Gangneung Daekwanryung Seoul Incheon Wonju Suwon Seosan Cheongju Andong Daejeon Chupungryong Pohang Daegu Jeonju Gwangju Jinju Busan Mokpo Average

9 (a) Cheongju a=0.74 c=2.24 y=0.673x R²=0.401 (b) Daegu a=0.74 c=2.24 y=0.664x R²=0.428 (c) Seoul a=0.74 c=2.24 y=0.700x R²=0.402 (d) Wonju a=0.74 c=2.24 y=0.705x R²=0.467 Fig. 4. Regression Plots of Model Estimated Versus Observed Air Transmittance Across 4 Locations in Inland Using Model Parameters a=0.74 and c=2.24 (a) Cheongju (b) Daegu (c) Seoul (d) Wonju (a) Mokpo a=0.74 c=2.24 y=0.523x R²=0.216 (b) Incheon a=0.74 c=2.24 y=0.566x R²=0.285 (c) Busan a=0.74 c=2.24 y=0.822x R²=0.470 (d) Pohang a=0.74 c=2.24 y=0.700x R²=0.425 Fig. 5. Regression Plots of Model Estimated Versus Observed Air Transmittance Across 4 Locations in Coastal Areas Using Model Parameters a=0.74 and c=2.24 (a) Mokpo (b) Incheon (c) Busan (d) Pohang

10 Fig. 6. Relationship Between Measuring Station Distance and RMSEd

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