Arctic Marine Operations Challenges & Recommendations Volume 2 Gap Analysis Study Matrix

Transcription

1 Arctic Marine Operations Challenges & Recommendations Volume 2 Gap Analysis Study Matrix Final report of the Arctic Operations Handbook Joint Industry Project Version Report no MAR11908-E/1133-RP02 1 Joint Industry Project - Arctic Operations Handbook

2 Arctic Guide Report Volume 2 Gap Analysis Study Matrix Version 15-Dec-2013 Front sheet picture: Reflections on the Arctic Sea 2008 Ville Miettinen Report no MAR11908-E/1133-RP02 2 Joint Industry Project - Arctic Operations Handbook

3 Arctic Guide Report Volume 2 Gap Analysis Study Matrix Version 15-Dec-2013 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Arctic Operations Handbook Joint Industry Project (JIP) was launched in February of 2012 supported by a number of companies and knowledge institutes. The JIP was initiated by a number of Dutch companies in the framework of the Maritime Innovation Program (MIP) and was awarded a subsidy from the Dutch Ministry of EL&I (Economic affairs, Agriculture & Innovation). With it the JIP participants committed to issue an open source document to ensure that the work from the JIP is offered to the international arctic offshore community and the general public for further use. The participating companies have the ambition to execute projects in arctic areas, such as installation and operations of oil and gas production facilities. The term arctic as used here refers to areas where ice, permafrost and low temperatures may influence offshore operations, field development and decommissioning. Currently, there is no specific standard for companies operating in arctic offshore areas. To support this industry and to ensure services can be provided in a safe manner with minimum environmental impact, it was proposed to prepare guidance/standards for such operations. This project has taken an important step in gathering existing rules & regulations, identifying the areas which require additional guidance, and has taken some steps in defining guidance. The focus is on the operational activities for installation of fixed, floating and subsea units, dredging, trenching, pipe laying and floating oil/gas production. Detailed design of facilities & equipment was not covered in this JIP as it is already supported through ISO for Arctic Offshore Structures. The development of guidelines and regulations in modern industry are expected to be functional, goal based, as much as possible relying on procedures and technology already in general use and, in this case, focused on arctic operations. As part of the work scope the JIP has taken the initiative to liaise with Class Societies, Arctic Governmental Authorities and international standards organizations such as ISO. A diversified group of Dutch operators and knowledge centers have assessed deficiencies in existing standards and it is therefore considered useful and beneficial for the ISO TC67 SC 8 and SC 7 to use this report when preparing their new ISO norms. This Arctic Marine Operations Challenges & Recommendations Report presents existing rules & regulations, identifies the areas which require additional guidance, and in those cases where possible defines recommendations for arctic operations. The index used in this report is based on ISO ; Petroleum and natural gas industries Specific requirements for offshore structures Part 6: Marine operations. The index has been adjusted and complemented with aspects specific for arctic operations. Report no MAR11908-E/1133-RP02 3 Joint Industry Project - Arctic Operations Handbook

4 Arctic Guide Report Volume 2 Gap Analysis Study Matrix Version 15-Dec-2013 The following key observations/guidance have been gathered within the scope of this Joint Industry Project; It was noted from the gap analysis that there was limited (ISO) guidance for pipe lay, trenching and dredging operations, let alone for the arctic areas. It was therefore chosen to provide a number of best practices for these operations, considering the arctic environment. The efforts concentrated on the aspects that would be new in the arctic when comparing with open water operations in non-arctic areas. Site specific operations should be considered when planning and carrying out operations. Considerable effort was performed to align the knowledge on weather conditions and in particular on the requirements for monitoring and forecasting as well as the requirements for decision based tools. For the transportation & logistic aspects input relied heavily on the existing guidance for arctic shipping which is further developed and was evaluated and transferred to recommendations for the specific services of this guide. This report provides guidance as required specifically for contractors expecting to work in arctic areas on the aspects of health, safety, training and also stakeholder mapping. A frame work is provided to perform environmental impact assessments both in early as well as detailed stages of design in order to ensure that impacts can be managed and mitigated. Specific attention was given to the evaluation of the loads on and the operation of disconnectable floating production units. The other volumes of this report contain results of the gap analysis performed in the project as well as relevant results of the pilot projects of the Arctic Operations Handbook (AOH) JIP; The IceStream Pilot project, described in volume 3, has shown that the egg code (which is a method to describe characteristics of ice fields), when used as a basis to establish a visualization of the ice field, can serve as input to numerical models with which ice loads can be predicted on floating structures. More field data is required to support development of new analytical models. The Environmental Impact Pilot project, described in volume 4, has developed an enhanced approach (interaction of linked sensitivities) for understanding the environmental impact of operations in an early project stage in a semi-quantitative manner. Application of such an approach is recommended to assess, evaluate and reduce the environmental impact of operations in arctic areas. A state of the art review for marine icing on vessels has been performed and has been documented in volume 5, Marine icing on arctic offshore operations Pilot project. It highlights that although there are many approaches, there is no common approach and no industry standard for marine icing calculations. It strongly recommends more field observations and improved prediction models to determine sea spray formation and icing accretion. Report no MAR11908-E/1133-RP02 4 Joint Industry Project - Arctic Operations Handbook

5 Arctic Guide Report Volume 2 Gap Analysis Study Matrix Version 15-Dec-2013 Key recommendations from the Arctic Operations Handbook JIP are: Prepare more detailed operational standards including waiting on weather and ice, uptime and risk and hazard management. Develop equipment standards especially for the niche operations in this report. Prepare ice management guidelines, in concert where possible with the ISO TC67 SC 8 Work group 4, ice management. Guidance text for marine operations in arctic conditions has been prepared in this report. It is recommended that this can be incorporation into ISO , or other ISO documentation. Implementation of an operational ice level into the ISO documentation for defining the ice action at which the (vessel) position may no longer be retained, due to structural or station keeping capability. List of participants The following companies have participated in the Arctic Operations Handbook JIP; Allseas Engineering B.V. American Bureau of Shipping Bluewater Energy Services B.V. Canatec Associates International Ltd. Delft University of Technology Deltares GustoMSC B.V. Heerema Marine Contractors B.V. [Project Coordinator] Huisman Equipment B.V. Imares, Institute within Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek IntecSea The Netherlands MARIN IHC Merwede Royal Boskalis Westminster N.V. Shell Global Solutions International B.V. TNO Report no MAR11908-E/1133-RP02 5 Joint Industry Project - Arctic Operations Handbook

6 Arctic Guide Report Volume 2 Gap Analysis Study Matrix Version 15-Dec-2013 INDEX TO VOLUMES Volume Title Doc. No. Volume 1 Main Report MAR11908-E/1133-RP01 Volume 2 Gap Analysis Study Matrix MAR11908-E/1133-RP02 Volume 3 IceStream - Pilot Project MAR11908-E/1133-RP03 Volume 4 Environmental Impact - Pilot Project MAR11908-E/1133-RP04 Volume 5 Marine Icing on Arctic Offshore Operations - Pilot Project MAR11908-E/1133-RP05 Report no MAR11908-E/1133-RP02 6 Joint Industry Project - Arctic Operations Handbook

7 Arctic Guide Report Volume 2 Gap Analysis Study Matrix Version 15-Dec-2013 SECTION 1 ARCTIC GAP ANALYSIS VOLUME 2A Report no MAR11908-E/1133-RP02 7 Joint Industry Project - Arctic Operations Handbook

8 1.0 ARCTIC GAP ANALYSIS VOLUME 2A 1.1 Chapter 5 General considerations 1.2 Chapter 6 Organization, documentation and planning 1.3 Chapter 8 Weight control 1.4 Chapter 9 Stability 1.5 Chapter 10 Ballasting operations 1.6 Chapter 11 Load out 1.7 Chapter 12 Transportation 1.8 Chapter 13 Temporary mooring and station keeping for marine operations 1.9 Chapter 14 Construction and outfitting afloat 1.10 Chapter 15 Float-over topsides installation 1.11 Chapter 16 Pre-laid mooring including foundation 1.12 Chapter 17 Offshore installation operations 1.13 Chapter 18 Lifting operations 1.14 Chapter 19 Decommissioning and removal 1.15 Chapter 20 Logistics and Transport 1.16 Chapter 21 Vessel Operation 1.17 Chapter 22 General equipment preparation 1.18 Chapter Health Safety, Environment and Training 1.19 Chapter 27 Dredging 1.20 Chapter 29 Floating Oil & Gas Production Report no MAR11908-E/1133-RP02 8 Joint Industry Project - Arctic Operations Handbook

9 Arctic Guide Report Volume 2 Gap Analysis Study Matrix Version 15-Dec-2013 SECTION 2 WG2 GAP VOLUME 2B Report no MAR11908-E/1133-RP02 9 Joint Industry Project - Arctic Operations Handbook

10 Arctic Guide Report Volume 2 Gap Analysis Study Matrix Version 15-Dec WG2 GAP VOLUME 2B 2.1 Staff selection and training 2.2 Safety Management 2.3 Emergency Response 2.4 Escape, Evacuation and Rescue 2.5 Waste Management 2.6 3D Metocean & Environment Report no MAR11908-E/1133-RP02 10 Joint Industry Project - Arctic Operations Handbook

11 Chapter Section Paragraph Arctic Guide Scope list Template V1 - First issue V2 - Second issue V3 - Final issue for Volume 2 from Index item (chapter) [Index item is derived from ISO as a basis with additional chapters defined from workshop input. New or changed chapters are indicated in red] Clarification [What is the scope of the index item] Relevant other codes /guides Section Title [Title of the relevant other code / guide] Comments [Comments on this index item in relation to other codes / guides or in general. Comments on the existance of GAP's] Recommendations for new or additional guidance: Priority: a) That a piece of guidance text will be drafted, or b) That further study / work / assessment should be performed, or c) That no further action is required. Introduction 1 1 Scope Review relevant Fabrication guidelines 2 2 Normative references 3 3 Terms and definitions Adapt for consistency Symbols and abbreviated terms Adapt for consistency General considerations Arctic Factory Acceptance Testing FAT as seen important specific for Arctic applications Requires additional review - not picked up at this stage Further study work; JIP; assessment Organization, documentation and planning Environmental Impact Statement From WG6 point of view, clear guidance should be written on the use of EIA in performing operations. 7 7 Metocean and earthquake requirements Introduction a setof limiting MO criteria shall be established (function of type and duration of operation) add to AOH and add significant ice parameters; relevant in WG3 Design Weather-restricted/weather-unrestricted operations operation that can be completed within the limits of a favorable weather forecast to design codes; consider in WP2; Add ice forecasts add ice forecasts Metocean conditions (to include Meteorology & Oceanography) Metocean conditions (to include Meteorology & Oceanography) Lists definitions and what should be included as significant weather conditions. to design codes; several codes exist for open water conditions which could be adapted to include ice; remains a design item WG3 Design Wind and current monitoring was not highlighted as key parameters influencing operations in harsh areas Add a Section specifically pertaining to the needs to measure and forecast winds, temp and current for people, workability and safety as well as station keeping and thus not only for Ice Management add ice conditions, see Severity Table, icing, visibility, polar low, ice conditions and more assessment needed; check sea states for arctic conditions Metocean conditions (to include Meteorology & Oceanography) Metocean conditions (to include Meteorology & Oceanography) Barents2020 Only some remarks on visibility wrt rescue / man over board Check and add other references? Needs to be added Arctic Operations Manual Poor visibility Whiteouts are a phenomenon in the Arctic that can affect operations any time of the year. Ice crystals in the air eliminate definition of the horizon. This can pose a serious hazard to pilots, who can lose depth perception. On the ground, you can lose a sense of direction. When whiteout conditions exist or are approaching, remain in camp and wait it out; even attempting to travel a fewmetres can result in disorientation. Exercise similar caution in foggy conditions Metocean criteria Defines criteria and return periods ice to be added, see ISO 19906; review Metocean criteria Add details for Arctic conditions: Add Severity Table Weather windows Defines operations, design impact and weather margins review ; describe principles and ADD arctic conditions; Move to WG3 Design; Weather windows Defines operations, design impact and weather margins Guidance should be included / updated on the use of metocean restrictions, which can be delayed due to occurance of ice Operational duration Defines time schedule and point of no return Review ; describe principles and ADD Arctic conditions; Operational duration Defines time schedule and point of no return Guidance should be included / updated on the use of metocean restrictions, which can be delayed due to occurance of ice Monitoring & forecasting Guidance should be included on the use and availability of now- and forecasting for ice & metocean Weather monitoring wi, wa, cu, speed, direction; meteorology temp, wind, chill, precipitation, accretion, visibility, polar lows, check for operations; add ice impact on operations and stations; buoys; ships; tide; monitoring requirements pressure; RH; precip; fog; cloud; visibility; EO; satellite imagery; radar, etc Weather monitoring metocean requirements see also ISO on MO information check if needed low Weather monitoring ,1,1 determine normal conditions, long term distributions, extreme conditions regional oscillations no specific mention of the effects of ice on operations but low this is included in the general requirements; design issue Weather monitoring oceanography depth, waves, currents, other low prior low Weather monitoring ice, icebergs wmo nomenclature, statistics, types, morphology, movement, properties, monitoring check and read for operations, should suffice check with IICWG documents Weather monitoring ,5,6 ice monitoring Ice conditions shall be considered as part of the environmental data monitoring program. Real time information on ice conditions can be used, for example, to operate ice management systems, and escape, evacuation and rescue (EER) procedures for the consider in WP2 installation. Coupled with a facility management plan for shutdown and possible removal, during the operational phase of the structures, ice monitoring can help reduce the ice criteria used for structural design Weather monitoring ISO SB2.4.2 Ice conditions When planning a marine operation in the areas described in B.2.2, the ice conditions being considered shall be in accordance with the duration of the operation as indicated in Table B.1. Check if Operations relevance; design issue; WG3; It Weather monitoring Table B.1 General guidance for ice conditions Weather monitoring Duration of the operation Ice conditions Weather monitoring Fewer than 3 days Based on specific weather window Weather monitoring 3 days to 1 week 1 year environmental condition (seasonal) Weather monitoring 1 week to 1 month 10 year environmental condition (seasonal) Weather monitoring 1 month to 1 year Extreme level environmental action (seasonal) Weather monitoring Greater than 1 year Extreme level environmental action add to AOH does have operational relevance, as it indicates the databases that should be assembled, and which data to include

12 Chapter Section Paragraph Index item (chapter) [Index item is derived from ISO as a basis with additional chapters defined from workshop input. New or changed chapters are indicated in red] Clarification [What is the scope of the index item] Relevant other codes /guides Section Title [Title of the relevant other code / guide] Comments [Comments on this index item in relation to other codes / guides or in general. Comments on the existance of GAP's] Recommendations for new or additional guidance: Priority: a) That a piece of guidance text will be drafted, or b) That further study / work / assessment should be performed, or c) That no further action is required. Further study work; JIP; assessment Weather monitoring ISO SB2.4.3 Ice management plan Where sea ice or icebergs are present or forecast, an ice management plan shall be developed, describing the actions it is necessary to take in response to such ice conditions. This plan shall specify when it is necessary to suspend operations and the method or order of suspension. This plan should also make provision for unexpected or unusually severe ice conditions. WG Weather monitoring ISO SB2.4.4 Ice forecast lead Operations that it is necessary to suspend or structures that it is necessary to move in the event of sea ice or icebergs should have forecast durations adequate to safely suspend operations or disconnect and move from location Use and enhance Weather monitoring ISO SB2.4.5 Contingency plans Contingency plans should address ice conditions that exceed forecasts and operational WG 3? Could serve as a support for " visibility" limits. Operations under limited visibility should be given due consideration. Capabilities to issues (ice detection during reduced visibility) detect icebergs and sea ice by survey vessels and advance scouting in case of reduced visibility should be provided where appropriate Weather monitoring Communications equipment should be compatible with that of the ice patrol or See Row 258 reconnaissance aircraft. Due account should be taken of replacement supplies for all types of essential equipment Weather monitoring ISO S7.7.3 On site monitoring Where operations are sensitive to local (near-site or on-site) environmental conditions or to This is the main support for this Section IMO monitoring to be enhanced changes in these, real-time measurement, as well as regular forecast, both prior to start and during operations, shall be considered Weather monitoring ISO S7.1 Introduction Metocean parameters limiting environmental conditions shall comply with ISO Check for ice / operations; see Priority listing With regards to marine operations, reference shall be made specifically to ISO :2005, 5.9, which deals with metocean parameters for short-term activities Weather monitoring ISO S7.1 Introduction A set of limiting metocean criteria that is dependent on the type and duration of the?? Should be in WG 3 or under Equipment operation shall be established. Such criteria shall include, but not be limited to, Weather monitoring - wind magnitude and direction, Weather monitoring - wave height and period, Weather monitoring - current magnitude and direction, Weather monitoring - swell magnitude and direction. add visibility and temperature, see priority Weather monitoring ISO S7.2.1 Weather-restricted operations A weather-restricted operation is a marine operation that can be completed within the limits This is the main support for this Section IMO monitoring to be enhanced; to of a favourable weather forecast. The reliability of weather forecasts is such that weatherrestricted include detection, operations should generally be completed within 72 h. monitoring, recording and forecasting Weather monitoring S7.2.2 Weather-unrestricted operations Weather-unrestricted operations can safely take place in any weather condition that can be Not for AOH, except for The weather condition's shall reflect encountered during a season. The weather condition's shall reflect the statistical extremes for the area and season concerned. the statistical extremes for the area and season concerned Weather monitoring ISO S7.3.1 Wind Wind conditions shall be considered in the planning and engineering of marine operations. For the description of the wind parameters, reference is made to ISO Design item, delete Weather monitoring ISO S7.3.2 Wave and swell conditions Wave conditions shall be considered in the planning and engineering of marine operations. For the description of the wave and swell parameters, reference is made to ISO Design item, delete Weather monitoring ISO S7.3.2 Wave and swell conditions If swell has a noticeable effect on the operation, the response of the vessel to combined Check for the effects of waves and ice; spray ice wind-driven seas and swell should be evaluated. In shallow water, lateral surge motions due to shoaling swell and second order wave drift actions should be considered Weather monitoring ISO S7.3.2 Wave and swell conditions For operations involving phases that are sensitive to large or extreme wave heights, such as temporary on bottom Weather monitoring ISO S7.3.2 Wave and swell conditions For precise operations that are sensitive to small fluctuations of the sea level, even under calm sea state conditions, the occurrence of long period, small amplitude swell on the site should be checked Weather monitoring ISO S7.3.2 Wave and swell conditions Attention should also be paid to particular site conditions that are prone to current acting against the waves, which can amplify wave steepness Weather monitoring ISO S Current Current conditions shall be considered in the planning and engineering of marine operations. For the description of the current parameters, reference is made to ISO Weather monitoring ISO S Current For marine operations, data and forecasts should be provided for current speed and direction including, as appropriate, current profiles from the surface to the sea floor Weather monitoring ISO S Current for sites where tidal current dominates, measurement during at least one complete lunar cycle during the same season of the year as the actual planned operation; Weather monitoring ISO S Current for sites where the complexity of the bathymetry (topographical current) can generate unstable flow, real-time current measurements with devices that record the current velocity and direction, with readouts at various depths; an example is the shedding of current stream around land obstacles that can introduce macro vortices in the main current flow. Not relevant for AOH Not different for arctic operations, delete for AOH Delete from AOH? Check ice and currents Design issue. Delete from AOH Standing requirement for WP2 Helps in monitoring ice drift patters\ Helps in monitoring ice drift patters\ Weather monitoring ISO S7.3.4 Other metocean factors Other factors and combinations of factors that can be critical and shall be considered include : Check parameters individually and in combinations Weather monitoring S combinations of wind, wave and current; wind and current focus (ice drift; seasons) Weather monitoring ISO S7.3.6 water level, including tide and surge; not key, same as o.w Weather monitoring ISO S7.3.7 restricted visibility; second level priority Weather monitoring S sea ice, icebergs, snow and ice accretion on topsides and structure, exceptionally low est priority check impact of temperatures; combined effects Weather monitoring ISO S7.3.9 tropical cyclones, dust storms and wind squalls; n.a Weather monitoring ISO S water density and salinity; n.a Weather monitoring ISO S precipitation; Weather monitoring S air temperature; key importance on personnel, WG Weather monitoring S water temperature. impact on freezing of water and ice growth; end of summer season Weather monitoring ISO S7.3.5 Temperature The occurrence of extreme high and low environmental temperatures shall be considered for their effect on equipment, operations and personnel. See WG Weather monitoring ISO S7.4.1 Design and operational criteria For each specific phase of a marine operation, the design and operational metocean criteria check for ice impacts; most is WG 3 and rest in Design shall be defined as follows : aspects

13 Chapter Section Paragraph Index item (chapter) [Index item is derived from ISO as a basis with additional chapters defined from workshop input. New or changed chapters are indicated in red] Clarification [What is the scope of the index item] Relevant other codes /guides Section Title [Title of the relevant other code / guide] Comments [Comments on this index item in relation to other codes / guides or in general. Comments on the existance of GAP's] Recommendations for new or additional guidance: Priority: a) That a piece of guidance text will be drafted, or b) That further study / work / assessment should be performed, or c) That no further action is required. Further study work; JIP; assessment Weather monitoring The design criteria are that set of values for the metocean parameters (wind, wave, current, water level, visibility, water density, water salinity, water temperature, marine growth and icing), for which design, calculations are carried out, and against which the structure and/or operation is checked Weather monitoring For the design metocean parameters, the directionality of waves, wind and current shall be considered Weather monitoring For weather-unrestricted operations, the operational metocean criteria are the same as the design criteria, although lower values can be set for practical reasons Weather monitoring For weather-restricted operations, the operational metocean criteria are that set of values for the metocean parameters (wind, wave, current, water level, visibility, water density, water salinity, water temperature, marine growth and icing), which are not exceeded at the start of the operation and which are forecast not to be exceeded for the duration of the operation, allowing for contingencies Weather monitoring ISO S7.4.2 Return periods Metocean criteria for marine operations depend on the planned duration of the operation including contingency. Generally, operations with a planned duration of up to three days may be considered as weather-restricted operations for which a specific weather window may be defined, while operations with a planned duration of more than three days should be considered as weather-unrestricted operations. Return periods of the metocean parameters for weather-unrestricted operations may be estimated as a multiple of the operational duration; a minimum 10 times the duration of the operation may be used. In areas with consistent weather patterns, the duration of a weather-restricted operation may be extended beyond three days, if such an extension can be justified by appropriate documentation. The choice of return periods should be based on the consequence of failure of the operation. The regional hazard curve of the sea state should also be considered. As general guidance, the periods in Table 2, which are based on North Sea weather conditions, may be applied. Return periods can depend on location. Table 2 General guidance for return periods of metocean parameters for weather-unrestricted operations (based on North Sea conditions) Duration of the operation Return periods of metocean parameters Up to 3 days Specific weather window to be defined 3 days to 1 week 1 year, seasonal 1 week to 1 month 10 year, seasonal 1 month to 1 year 100 year, seasonal Design items, not for WG2 and not for AOH Weather monitoring ,5,1 Sea ice - General Statistics shall be compiled in a form useful for probabilistic analysis. Data can be obtained Is this also FEED / Design and not oper's from direct observations at a location, interpretation of satellite imagery, historical information at the geographic region of the installation, and interpretation of historical information from a nearby site or from a similar geographical region Weather monitoring Arctic O. O&G S 4.1 Environmental monitoring Priority monitoring of extreme weather and ice events adopt, add ice more work required Weather monitoring ASPPR S6.3 Vessel navigation No ship shall be permiited entry. Unless the master has taken into account the weather Extend to ice conditions Weather monitoring ASPPR D 6.3 Vessel navigation A vessel may enter a zone outside its zone date system if the master has taken into effect Adopt the probability of change in ice conditions during the intended transit and the probable effect of the change Weather monitoring ASPPR S Vessel navigation, post trip If a vessel sailed outside the zone, then the master must send in 30 d after the transit Adopt Zone/Date System (Z/DS) in Can details of the vessel, trip and weather conditions and visibility as well as ice conditions Weather monitoring ASPPR All Zone date system Provides allowable entry dates, in principle for Canadian waters Can be used as reference for AOH; Discuss Zone/Date System Map and Dat Weather monitoring ASPPR S 6.3 Zone date system No vessel carrying > 453 m3 of oil may navigate in any zone outside the zone date system, unless, the ice numeral =>zero and the master has taken several aspects into account Adopt Weather monitoring IMO Polar Ice routing equipment All ships should be provided with eq't if receiving ice and weather charts and displaying ice Adopt, see also WG 3 Design, see also IT and WG 3 Design imagery. Comm Weather monitoring IMO Polar 13,4,2 Evacuation Crew members to be given special instructions for the use of lifesaving apliances in severe see also WG 4 HSE weather and severe sea conditions and ice Weather monitoring IMO Polar 14,1,2 Ice navigators All officers and crew should be made familiar with cold weather survival training ; ships crew see also WG 4 HSE should be trained in ship operations in ice covered waters Weather monitoring IMO Polar 1.2 Ice navigators Continuous monitoring of ice conditions by an Ice navigator should be available Adopt, see also WG 4 HSE further work needed Weather monitoring ONS Risk management i practice Weather conditions in Arctic are not well understood and long term developments are Add ice and ice island monitoring (CAD Arctic) further work needed; uncertain; special design considerations lead to more severe conditions build long term criteria Weather monitoring ONS Risk management i practice Arctic is a more vulanarable environment; introduce more safety barriers; adopt narrow operational windows and seasonal operations; check increased consequence of incidents Weather monitoring pre, post surveys ISO S7.4.4 Probability distributions of sea state parameters Forecasting ice and weather, structure and systems, ice management In order to understand the relationship of sea state parameters, such as the significant wave height and peak period, the unit- and bi-variable distributions should be examined. This includes the joint frequency distributions of significant wave height and period, and wind speed, wave height and current speed versus direction. For those parameters that dictate operability, weather windows should be computed. adopt with added ice and weather monitoring; use and expand in WG4 HSE. And in WG3 Design and planning A Similar approach is possible for ice conditions. Develop joint probabilities and Add ice (during monitoring). Part of weather monitoring and build database Ice management - general IM may include detection and forecasting. check and expand more work required Forecasting ,2,3 IM performance The expected performance of ice detection, tracking and forecasting capabilities and the associated uncertainties shall be documented, and should reflect the actual performance of the types of systems or devices that will be used in the context of expected metocean conditions, visibility and offshore operations. use, operations aspects

14 Chapter Section Paragraph Index item (chapter) [Index item is derived from ISO as a basis with additional chapters defined from workshop input. New or changed chapters are indicated in red] Clarification [What is the scope of the index item] Relevant other codes /guides Section Title [Title of the relevant other code / guide] Comments [Comments on this index item in relation to other codes / guides or in general. Comments on the existance of GAP's] Recommendations for new or additional guidance: Priority: a) That a piece of guidance text will be drafted, or b) That further study / work / assessment should be performed, or c) That no further action is required. Further study work; JIP; assessment Forecasting ,3,1 IM capabilities - requirements ice detection incl tracking and forecasting basic need for this WG more work required, see above to support IM, incl detection, recording, monitoring and forecasting Forecasting Weather forecast EE ISO S Weather forecast The transportation shall not start unless the forecast is for stable weather, predicting add ice and other operational priorities favourable environmental Forecasting conditions for a period of 48 h as recommended in Clause 7. The forecast should be made by a competent adjust by equipment capabilities, operations specific Forecasting forecaster who has the necessary data at his disposal to make a highly specific add to AOH, ice observer needs recommendation for the particular tow Forecasting The forecast should show the operational weather conditions, taking into account the add ice and other operational priorities margin defined in Forecasting If the transportation is a weather-unrestricted operation, departure should still take place on a favourable forecast in order to allow time to obtain adequate sea room Forecasting ISO S7.7.1 Metocean forecast - General Forecasts shall be obtained before and during marine operations. The forecast shall be issued at suitable regular intervals dependent on the operation, with the intervals not exceeding 12 h. yes; enhance due to its importance in all operations Forecasting ISO S7.7.1 Metocean forecast - General For complex and/or long weather-restricted operations, forecaster's) with local experience add ice requirements and local and global monitoring shall preferably be present on-site to check the local situation and provide regular weather briefing based on forecasts from two independent sources. This applies to major marine operations such as these examples needs; add ice forecasts; use ISO text since it is applicable Forecasting - float-over topsides; Forecasting - float-out; Forecasting - GBS tow out; Forecasting - offshore installation and lifting; add dredging etc and add floaters Forecasting - sensitive barge towing Forecasting ISO S7.7.2 Forecast parameters The forecast should cover short- and medium-term and outlook periods, and should include revise and adjust for in ice operations and priorities from all further work needed : WG's Forecasting - synopsis, barometric pressure, temperature; Forecasting - wind direction and speed, where the speed should be given for 10 m and 50 m heights above sea level; Forecasting - the wind speed should indicate 1 min and 1 h means and also indicate wind gusts; Forecasting - waves and swell, including significant and maximum height, direction and period; Forecasting - loop currents and wind squalls; Forecasting - visibility, rain, snow, sleet, icing and sea ice; Forecasting - confidence level of the forecast. adopt; ice specific is function of operations; add some further work needed scenarios (best and worst cases) Forecasting Barents Data on ice and icebergs Less reliable weather forecasts combined with small scale, very local atmospheric phenomena, such as polar lows, increase the probability of failing or disrupted operations. add ; polar lows are important to operations; why do they occur, how to forecast and fill in the GAP Forecasting Barents Ice management Improve weather-, ice- and iceberg forecasts by improved observational network for add ; important operation develop weather forecasting and meteorological databases for Barents Sea Forecasting Barents Ice management It may be anticipated that the icebreakers conducting the ice management operation will reference; add to WG3 on equipment and IM have problems operating during the heavy ice conditions that drive the design. A lack in the ISO rules is the including of IM in the design Forecasting Arctic O. O&G S 3.5 Environmental Impact Assessment EIA The EIA shall be based on the forecasting methods used to assess the effects on the environment and any limitation Add weather, ice aspects See WG HSE Forecasting Arctic O. O&G S 7.2 Response (oil spill) The Ice management plan should include details regarding ice detection, ice surveillance, data collection, forecasting and reporting of encroachment, hazards and loading Good section, adopt; See also S 7.7,3 IT and comm.; All users must have access to the same data and systems must be in place to send such data back and forth; Consider in WG3 design since it is equipment related Forecasting If appropriote the IM plan to include forecasting of oil in ice drift. Good section, adopt same Forecasting IMO Polar 14.2 Navigator qualifications ice navigator should be trained including the use of ice forecasts and other interrelated Adopt, see also WG 4 HSE to WG4 HSE aspects Forecasting IT Information and communication techn communication, data storage, handling, data management, remote sites This section should be also show under WG 3 Equipment and Operations and be included in Monitoring IT Information and communication techn ,1,3,2, 1 Topsides - Communication At least two independent communication system technologies shall be provided on the facility to ensure redundant communication to shore-based facilities under adverse Arctic environmental events IT Information and communication techn ,1,1 MO - MO requirements These requirements could include a minimum period of site specific data (according to country regulations), the type of data to be collected, and a definition of extreme design criteria IT Information and communication techn Barents2020 App.1 Telecommunication A reference is given to the Russian code (GOST ) where common requirements and test methods are provided. GOST is about global navigating satellite system and global system of positioning IT Information and communication techn Barents2020 App.1 Database of metocean elements Although available measured data and results from numerical models do not show worse metocean design criteria related to wind, waves and currents in the Barents Sea than further south on the Norwegian shelf (the North Sea, mid-norway), less knowledge about the physical environment in the Barents Sea introduces larger uncertainties into the estimates of values with annual recurrences of 10-2 and add ice and remoteness and ice worthiness' of ops. Check Oper impact on Comm. Add a note that all Contractors and Companies should work together iin Feed stage and in Operations Phase with the sharing of data, maximize bandwidth, exchange data gathered Seems FEED work, not in AOH? Operations or Equipment? More measurements are needed? Is this FEED and EIS related? Larger uncertainties -> more requirements to monitoring system? further work needed further work required for high arctic comm systems

15 Chapter Section Paragraph Index item (chapter) [Index item is derived from ISO as a basis with additional chapters defined from workshop input. New or changed chapters are indicated in red] Clarification [What is the scope of the index item] Relevant other codes /guides Section Title [Title of the relevant other code / guide] Comments [Comments on this index item in relation to other codes / guides or in general. Comments on the existance of GAP's] Recommendations for new or additional guidance: Priority: a) That a piece of guidance text will be drafted, or b) That further study / work / assessment should be performed, or c) That no further action is required IT Information and communication techn Database of metocean elements This is an important requirement for future operations / monitoring. All offshore operations must be monitored such that all users have access to key information and the most reliable access and use; exchange of data is key to safe operation; certain data must be exchanged other my be exchanged. Systems should be in place to monitor data received, allow system to be sorted anf filed, alow all data to be exchanged effectively and can be sent around; data formats to be checked and standardized Further study work; JIP; assessment Earthquake ISO S7.8 Earthquake Possible effects of earthquakes (not metocean effects as tsunamis) on structures during marine operations, if applicable, should be taken into account. use for set down and Oper of systems (anchors, GBS's) WG 6 Set down Sea Ice and icebergs no specific references to ice bergs Add section on monitoring of icebergs, requirements, criteria and further work needed operational limits and impact; sea ice monitoring pretty specifically on well covered by Manice and others hazardous ice conditions, icebergs and others Environment & Eco-system monitoring mammals; noise, vegetation, impacts pollution, seabed disturbance and turbidity Barents2020 App.1, sec 7 Ground motions Only earthquake-induced ground motions addressed in detail in ISO ; other geologically-induced hazards only mentioned and briefly discussed; probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) Check standards of local Governments, i.e. BMP Environment & Eco-system monitoring Barents Underwater noise Underwater noise is posing negative risk on marine mammals and posing negative risk on marine mammals and fish. The issue is generally addressed by the IFC/World Bank Standard, but not at the very detailed level Environment & Eco-system monitoring BMP (SEIA for the Greenland part of the Baffin Bay area) Noise assessment, noise from seismic surveys Seismic sounds in the marine environment are neither completely without consequences nor are they certain to result in serious and irreversible harm to the environment (DFO 2004). Short-term behavioural changes are known and in some cases well documented, but longer-term changes are debated and studies are lacking. Check standards of local Governments, i.e. BMP - (SvBB: specific guidelines for u.w. noise by seismic surveying exist, but no guidelines for drilling noise for instance. The BMP SEIA does state that displacement due to drilling noise for certain species and certain times/location are to be expected, and mitigation by avoiding sensitive areas/times is proposed (see BMP below) seismic specific, relevant to our scope? Currently outside the scope WG4 action: more work pertaining to the effects of noise and disturbances on wildlife in Arctic conditions; Environment & Eco-system monitoring BMP (SEIA for the Greenland part of the Baffin Bay area) 1 Environmental impact assessment A SEIA forms part of the basis for relevant authorities decisions, and may identify general restrictive or mitigative measures and monitoring requirements that must be dealt with by the companies applying for oil licences. It is important to stress that an SEIA does not replace the need for sitespecifi c Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs). adopt, but rephrase? No severe impacts are expected if adequate mitigative measures are applied, activities in Is this part of monitoring, or more related to EIS in WG4? sensitive areas are avoided in the most sensitive periods and no accidents such as oil spills occur Environment & Eco-system monitoring BMP (SEIA for the Greenland part of the Baffin Bay area) Assessment of exploration Environment & Eco-system monitoring BMP (SEIA for the Assessment of development and Noise from drilling platforms has displaced migration routes of bowhead whales in Alaska. Greenland part of production Depending on the location of installations, displacement of migrating and Depending on the the Baffin Bay location of installations, displacement of migrating and staging whales and walrus must be area) expected Environment & Eco-system monitoring BMP (SEIA for the Assessment of development and Careful planning in combination with thorough environmental background studies, BEP, Greenland part of production BAT and application of the Precautionary Principle can do much to limit and mitigate the Baffin Bay impacts from development and production, e.g. by avoiding the most sensitive areas and area) avoiding activities in the most sensitve periods Environment & Eco-system monitoring BMP (SEIA for the Assessment of noise Mitigation measures generally recommend a soft start or ramp up of the airgun array each Greenland part of time a new line is initiated. Secondly it is recommended to bring skilled marine mammal the Baffin Bay observers onboard the seismic ships. area) Environment & Eco-system monitoring OSPAR Monitoring programme Monitoring programmes should comprise both baseline surveys prior to any petroleum development and follow-up surveys during exploration, production and decommissioning. Is this part of monitoring, or more related to EIS in WG4?; USE EXISTING STANDARDS Is this part of monitoring, or more related to EIS in WG4? USE EXISTING STANDARDS seismic specific, relevant to our scope? Not at present USE EXISTING STANDARDS adopt Environment & Eco-system monitoring OSPAR Field specific monitoring Field specific monitoring should be based on a baseline survey and should address spatial and temporal trends in contamination and effects within the impact zone of an offshore petroleum field or installation. The focus should be on the verification of predicted impacts at individual fields. These monitoring programmes should start shortly after drilling activities have started. Consecutive field specific monitoring should be integrated into wider area (regional) monitoring programmes where these are in place. adopt Environment & Eco-system monitoring OSPAR Coordinated wider-area (regional) surveying In order to put offshore industry installation impacts into a more holistic context, coordinated wider area (regional) surveys should be conducted. Such monitoring should responsibility it is to coordinate (government?). not sure whether we need to add this. Not sure whose describe general environmental background levels in addition to data from the field specific monitoring in the region and will provide information on large-scale environmental patterns and enable the added effects of adjacent installations in areas of intense offshore activity to be assessed. not sure whether we need to add this. Not sure whose installations and the integrated impact of offshore activities in a wider area. responsibility it is to coordinate (government?) Environment & Eco-system monitoring OSPAR Regional monitoring The regional monitoring should describe general environmental levels distant from the Environment & Eco-system monitoring OSPAR Comparability of monitoring surveys To facilitate inter-annual comparison, fieldwork for baseline and monitoring surveys should be carried out in the same season each year. Sediment surveys should preferably be carried out in spring in order to avoid problems related to newly settled juveniles of benthic fauna Environment & Eco-system monitoring OSPAR Monitoring station planning The orientation and extent of the station pattern should be based on the predicted area of influence as determined by dispersion modelling, discharge scenarios and local environmental conditions. adopt adopt