Nicholas County Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan

Transcription

1 Nicholas County Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan Prepared by Bluegrass Area Development District 2005

2 Nicholas County Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan Table of Contents I. Identifying Hazards...2 II. III. IV. Natural Hazard Assessment (Goals & Objectives & Mitigation, Actions, and/or Projects) Floods...4 Earthquakes...7 Tornadoes/Severe Thunderstorms...10 Severe Winter Storms...14 Landslides...17 Sinkholes...19 Dam Failure...21 Drought...23 Wildfires...25 Implementation of Mitigation Measures...27 Multi-Jurisdictional Mitigation Strategy...27 V. Plan Maintenance Procedures...27 VI. Monitoring, Evaluating, and Updating the Plan...27 VII. Implementation Through Existing Programs...28 VIII. Continued Public Involvement...28 IX. Appendix A-County Critical & Essential Facilities Map...29 X. Appendix B-County Floodplain Map...30 XI. XII. XIII. Appendix C-County Tornado Touchdown Map...31 Appendix D-Landslide Susceptibility & Incidence in Kentucky as well as in Bluegrass Area Development District...32 Appendix E-Earthquake Maps; New Madrid Hypothetical Magnitudes, Seismic Hazards of Kentucky, & Peak Ground Acceleration/Faults/Historic Earthquakes

3 Nicholas County/City of Carlisle Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan Identifying Hazards The Nicholas County area is vulnerable to a wide variety of natural hazards that threaten life and property. These natural hazards include: Earthquakes Flooding / Flash Flooding Karst/Sinkholes Landslides Severe Thunderstorms/Lightning/Wind/Hail Tornadoes Severe Winter Storms Dam Failures Wildfires The Nicholas County Hazard Mitigation Plan Development Team identified these Hazards based on the historical evidence gathered from the Kentucky State Climatology Center, the National Climatic Data Center, FEMA s Hazard Mapping website, and the Kentucky Geological Survey. The appendices contain maps utilized by the county/city HMPDT in identifying and profiling potential hazards for the planning area. Mitigation Strategy The Nicholas County Hazard Mitigation Plan Development Team was formed to develop a hazard mitigation plan for the county and its jurisdictions. Committee members included elected officials of the county government and each city government (or their designee), disaster and emergency service managers, floodplain managers, disaster relief coordinator city and county fire and police chiefs, health department officials, city engineers, building inspectors, public schools superintendents, community action organizations, senior citizens, non-profit organizations, local business, and others. The committee looked at data regarding each individual hazard gathered and provided by staff of the Bluegrass Area Development District (BGADD). BGADD staff also developed a risk assessment for each individual hazard. Utilizing background hazard information and best available hazard historical data, the committee responded with overall goals and objectives that are needed to reduce or eliminate the potential loss of life and/or property caused by each hazard. Once these goals/objectives are identified, the committee looked at specific measures aimed at fulfilling the goals and objectives. Various methods may be used to identify desirable

4 hazard mitigation projects such as success stories, consultation with mitigation experts, and suggestions from ADD staff. Ultimately, objectives put into the plan will reflect the needs of each jurisdiction. After inclusion of projects in the plan, review and approval of the overall plan will be required at the local, regional, and state levels in addition to review and acceptance by FEMA. Implementation of any mitigation projects will be dealt with when the necessity arises.

5 Floods

6 Flooding/Flash Flooding Mitigation Goals & Objectives The Nicholas County Hazard Mitigation Development Team identifies the following goals and objectives for Nicholas County as a whole and the City of Carlisle based upon the risk assessment for the flooding hazard. Goal 1: Reduce the amount of property damage due to flooding in the City of Carlisle and throughout Nicolas County. Objective A: Work to ensure necessary infrastructure is protected throughout the jurisdiction. Objective B: Work to ensure that transportation routes are passable in the event of a flooding incident. Objective C: Ensure that city and county residents do not construct homes and/or places of business in flood prone areas. Goal 2: Reduce the amount of flood related fatalities and injuries due to flooding. Objective A: Ensure that city and county residents do not construct homes and/or places of business in flood prone areas. Objective B: Make sure that low-lying roadways are clearly marked. Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Measures The Nicholas County Hazard Mitigation Plan Development Team, based on the risk assessment for the following hazards and in line with the stated goals and objectives for each hazard, proposes the following projects for said hazard to eliminate loss of life and property: Flood Hazard Proposed/Possible Mitigation Measures, Actions, and/or Projects City of Carlisle: Establish a storm water management program for the city to ensure that in the event of heavy periods of rain, proper drainage will occur on the city streets and other roadways throughout the city. Continue to monitor conditions in order to ensure that culverts throughout the city are free of debris or other restrictions that restrict flow.

7 Identify low-lying bridges in the city and actively pursue a project to change their elevation by raising them above the water crest level in the event of a flood. Establish a vegetative management program in non-vegetative areas along waterways. Nicholas County: Monitor erosion problems along and actively pursue a project to maintain the creek banks. Ensure that there are a sufficient number of severe weather warning sirens throughout the county and that they are in proper working order. Continue working with the US Corps of Engineers and the Governor s Office for Local Government with respect to the clean up of the Licking River bridge pileup (wooded debris) near Blue Licks State Park.

8 Earthquakes

9 Earthquakes Mitigation Goals & Objectives The Nicholas County Hazard Mitigation Development Team identifies the following goals and objectives for Nicholas County as a whole and the City of Carlisle, based upon the risk assessment for the earthquake hazard. Goal 1: To lessen the number of injuries and deaths in the event Nicholas County experiences an earthquake. Objective A: Encourage people to not be in close proximity to weak structures that would be in danger of collapsing and/or falling in the event of an earthquake. Goal 2: Educate the general public about earthquakes. Objective A: Educate local residents, through an information campaign, about the risks and dangers earthquakes in the Bluegrass Area. Objective B: Ensure that Nicholas County Emergency Response personnel, local Fire Departments and Law Enforcement officials have all the necessary resources (employees and equipment) available to them in the event Nicholas County experiences an earthquake. Goal 3: To lessen the future fiscal costs upon units of government as well as lessen the amount of property damage in the event Nicholas County experiences an earthquake. Objective A: Encourage builders to reinforce structures during the construction phase in the event of an earthquake. Objective B: Look at the possibility of demolishing structures that would fall or collapse in the event of an earthquake, to lessen the financial burden for clean up on local government in the aftermath of an earthquake. Objective C: Ensure that local infrastructure (water, sewer, gas, electrical, and telecommunications) is protected as much as possible and that all underground lines can be easily identified in the event of an earthquake. Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Measures The Nicholas County Hazard Mitigation Plan Development Team, based on the risk assessment for the following hazards and in line with the stated goals and objectives for each hazard, proposes the following projects for said hazard to eliminate loss of life and property:

10 Earthquake Hazard Proposed/Possible Mitigation Measures, Actions, and/or Projects Continue the practices that are in place (such as the distribution and/or printing of brochures, pamphlets, or booklets) to educate the public about earthquakes in Nicholas County, that inform them of the dangers and risks associated with earthquakes. Continue the educational initiatives in the schools to inform students about the risks and dangers of earthquakes (and other natural hazards) and what they should do in the event of an earthquake.

11 Tornadoes/ Severe Thunderstorms

12 Tornadoes/Severe Thunderstorms etc. Mitigation Goals & Objectives The Nicholas County Hazard Mitigation Development Team identifies the following goals and objectives for Nicholas County as a whole and the City of Carlisle based upon the risk assessment for the tornado or severe thunderstorm hazard. Goal 1: To lessen the number of deaths and injuries in a tornado or other significant weather event. Objective A: Continue to ensure that Nicholas County and its municipalities have an adequate number of weather warning sirens, which are in proper working order, for the purpose of warning the public and potentially saving lives in the event of a deadly storm. Objective B: Continue to educate the public about the dangers of tornadoes and what to do in the event of a tornado and other potentially deadly storms. Objective C: Educate and inform children about the dangers of tornadoes and other potentially dangerous storms. Objective D: Continue to seek funding for mitigation projects such as safe rooms in hospitals and nursing homes, for instance, in order to lessen the impact a storm would have on these facilities. Goal 2: Ensure that emergency responders, (law enforcement, fire, EMS, and emergency management) have the resources at their disposal to properly respond and assist the public in the event of a tornado or other potentially life threatening storm. Objective A: Continue to supply emergency services with the equipment necessary to perform their duties in a significant weather event. Objective B: Continue to ensure that emergency services has an adequate number of trained personnel necessary to carry out their duties in the event of a tornado or other dangerous storm. Goal 3: To lessen the amount of property damage and the impact upon critical infrastructure such as roads, electricity, water supply, telecommunications, and sewer service in the event of a tornado or other destructive weather event. Objective A: Encourage builders to reinforce structures during their construction phase to lessen the amount of potentially deadly debris in the event of a tornado.

13 Objective B: Ensure that local infrastructure (water, sewer, gas, electrical, and telecommunications) is protected (i.e. underground) as much as possible in the event of a tornado or other storm. Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Measures The Nicholas County Hazard Mitigation Plan Development Team, based on the risk assessment for the following hazards and in line with the stated goals and objectives for each hazard, proposes the following projects for said hazard to eliminate loss of life and property: Tornado and Severe Thunderstorm Hazard Proposed/Possible Mitigation Measures, Actions, and/or Projects Continue the educational practices currently in place that inform the public about what to do in the event of a tornado (e.g. go to the lowest level or center room in your home, leave all mobile homes, etc.) Continue to publish/distribute brochures and/or pamphlets about what to do in the event of a tornado or other storm event in order to further educate the public. (Note: this could be an aspect of the information campaign). Seek a solution to the problem lack of radio signal(s) throughout the county in order to ensure that emergency response and recovery personnel are able to communicate with each other in the event in a tornado or other severe storm. Encourage city and county residents to purchase weather radios. Conduct a comprehensive evaluation of Nicholas County tornado shelters and otherwise designated storm shelter locations. Advertise the availability, proximity, and routes to tornado shelters throughout the county. Evaluate the number of shelters currently in place and look at establishing more throughout the county. Ensure that shelters will be open to the public when needed. Evaluate the number of designated recovery shelters throughout the county in order to serve the public in the aftermath of a tornado or severe storm. Evaluate the storm siren plan for Nicholas County and ensure all are in proper working order. Continue the progress of the early warning notification system such as SkyWarn, Reverse 911, or other telecommunications system in order to give residents an even earlier warning of approaching dangerous storms.

14 Encourage builders to utilize truss straps and other construction techniques that would presumably lessen the amount of destruction and flying debris in the event of a tornado or high winds. Work with FEMA officials to continue prompt and effective lines of communication in the event of a significant storm in the city or county.

15 Severe Winter Storms

16 Severe Winter Storms Mitigation Goals & Objectives The Nicholas County Hazard Mitigation Development Team identifies the following goals and objectives for Nicholas County as a whole and the City of Carlisle based upon the risk assessment for the winter storms hazard. Goal 1: To lessen the number of injuries and deaths in the event of a severe winter storm event. Objective A: Ensure that Nicholas County Emergency Response personnel, local Fire Departments and Law Enforcement officials have all the necessary resources (employees and equipment) available to them in the event Nicholas County experiences a severe winter storm. Objective B: Ensure that electrical utilities companies are capable of maintaining service in the event of a severe winter storm. Goal 2: Educate the general public about the dangers of severe winter storms. Objective A: Educate local residents, through an information campaign, about the risks and dangers of winter storms. Objective B: Ensure that Nicholas County Emergency Response personnel, local Fire Departments and Law Enforcement officials have all the necessary resources (employees and equipment) available to them in the event Nicholas County experiences a severe winter storm. Goal 3: To lessen the future fiscal costs upon units of government as well as lessen the amount of property damage in the event Nicholas County experiences a severe winter storm. Objective A: Encourage the practice of burying utility services in the construction of new subdivisions and business parks. Objective B: Encourage homeowners to trim trees on their property in the event of a severe winter storm event. Objective C: Ensure that local infrastructure (water, sewer, gas, electrical, and telecommunications) is protected as much as possible the event of a severe winter storm.

17 Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Measures The Nicholas County and the City of Carlisle Hazard Mitigation Plan Development Team, based on the risk assessment for the following hazards and in line with the stated goals and objectives for each hazard, proposes the following projects for said hazard to eliminate loss of life and property: Winter Storm Hazard Proposed/Possible Mitigation Measures, Actions, and/or Projects Continue the practices that are in place (such as the distribution and/or printing of brochures, pamphlets, or booklets) to educate the public about winter storms in Nicholas County, that inform them of the dangers and risks associated with winter storms. Continue the educational initiatives in the schools to inform students about the risks and dangers of winter storms (and other natural hazards) and what they should do in the event of a winter storm. Encourage the burying residential utility service(s).

18 Landslides

19 Landslides Landslides Hazard Proposed/Possible Mitigation Measures, Actions, and/or Projects Ensure that county roadwork crews have the necessary personnel and equipment to respond to county landslides on roadways. Educate the public through an information campaign about the dangers of unstable land and constructing homes and businesses on landslide-prone areas.

20 Sinkholes/ Karst Geology

21 Sinkholes/Karst Sinkhole/Karst Hazard Proposed/Possible Mitigation Measures, Actions, and/or Projects Educate the public about the dangers of sinkholes and the problems associated with constructing homes and businesses on unstable land and sinkhole-prone areas. Continue the cooperative effort between the Bluegrass ADD GIS Department and the Kentucky Geological Society in order to adequately map all the sinkholeprone areas in the county. Establish a sinkhole ordinance in the city and county to restrict construction in sinkhole-prone areas. Continue to Educate public of the dangers of Karst and the problems associated with construction on Karst-laden areas.

22 Dam & Levee Failure

23 Dam Failure Dam Failure Hazard Proposed/Possible Mitigation Measures, Actions, and/or Projects Continue to work with state officials to encourage the regular inspection of local dams. Encourage the proper signage near and on dams to inform residents about the dam. Continue to work with state officials with respect to maintenance of older dams in order to ensure their safety and help prevent their failure.

24 Severe Drought

25 Drought Drought Hazard Proposed/Possible Mitigation Measures, Actions, and/or Projects Ensure the county and its municipalities have in place, a necessary backup water supply in the event of a moderate to severe drought. Ensure water pumps stations are in place and are in proper working order at the county and city s water supply points. Also encourage the installation of backup pump stations in the jurisdiction.

26 Wildfires

27 Wildfires Wildfires Hazard Proposed/Possible Mitigation Measures, Actions, and/or Projects Encourage that city and county fire departments have the necessary personnel and resources available to them in order to respond to grass and other wildfires throughout the county. Establish better lines of communication between and among state officials with respect to wildfires. Encourage more cooperation from the state as well as a quicker and a more adequate response in the event of a wildfire in the county. Also, encourage more funding from the state for the purposes of fighting grass and other wildfires. Continue to encourage local government officials to establish a No Burn ordinance. Continue to educate the public about the dangers of forest fires and grass fires and the proper maintenance of forested lands where residential structures are constructed. Encourage applying for the Kentucky Firewise Mitigation Grant, which enables local units of government and their agencies to obtain funds to study the problem of wildfires and carry out projects that mitigate against wildfires. The Nicholas County Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee believes these projects to be in line with our stated goals and objectives with consideration given to costeffectiveness, feasibility, acceptability, and environmental soundness.

28 Implementation of Mitigation Measures Prioritization will be based on the following: 1.) Critical need, 2.) Availability of funds, and/or 3.) Schedule of project (e.g. 0-2 years, 3-10 years, or years). Projects should be, but are not limited to being prioritized based on a cost benefit review, environmental soundness, and/or technical feasibility. Implementation will be done through the cooperation of agencies both within the City of Carlisle and those that represent Nicholas County at large. Funds should be continuously sought out from various sources and resources (human, technical, and logistical) will be used for implementation of these projects, given the decision is made to follow through with construction or implementation. With respect to implementation, projects should be administered by the agency that has applied for the funds needed to complete the desired mitigation task or project. However, Nicholas County and City of Carlisle officials have the authority to establish administration guidelines, timetables, and funding allocations with respect to mitigation project implementation. Implementation efforts are based on project/action plans drafted by the Bluegrass ADD derived from the input of subcommittees and the Carlisle-Nicholas County Regional Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee. Multi-Jurisdictional Mitigation Strategy Currently there is no delineation of hazard mitigation projects between Nicholas County and its incorporated municipality of Carlisle. Both bodies believe in a cooperative effort in setting realistic goals, objectives, and mitigation actions that would lessen the future cost(s) to property and human life in the event of a natural disaster. Every effort will be made to ensure that end. Please refer to the Identification and Analysis of Mitigation Measures section (above) for the some proposed projects Nicholas County, the City of Carlisle, or their respective agencies could develop and implement if the decision is made to do so. Plan Maintenance Procedures The hazard mitigation plan requires a plan maintenance process. The following sections address how the Nicholas County Mitigation Plan will be updated and maintained when necessary. Monitoring, Evaluating, and Updating the Plan In order to provide monitoring, evaluation, and updates to the mitigation plan every five years, it has been decided by the Nicholas County Hazard Mitigation Development Team that Nicholas County-Judge s Office and the City of Carlisle Mayor s Office will administer these tasks. Implementation Through Existing Programs

29 Nicholas County and the City of Carlisle should incorporate mitigation plan goals and objectives, as well as mitigation actions/projects into program currently used (i.e. comprehensive plans, transportation plans, emergency response plans, etc.) programs. This ensures a cooperative venture, with respect to planning, when and if the decision is made to construct or implement a particular mitigation project at a later date. Funding for the aforementioned hazard mitigation projects can be sought through the, but not limited to, federal programs such as Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) and/or Predisaster Mitigation Grant Program (PDM). Other funding opportunities will also be considered with respect to implementing hazard mitigation projects in Nicholas County. Continued Public Involvement The Nicholas County and Bluegrass Regional Hazard Mitigation Planning Committee have set out the following procedures for inclusion of public participation in the mitigation plan maintenance process. When updates are required, whether by five-year cycle or extenuating circumstances, public input will be solicited primarily via a public notice. A committee (to be chosen at a later date) will review public input once it is received by a set deadline. Upon review by the committee, which will include a vote to determine relevance of public comments, public input will be considered on a case-bycase basis.

30 Nicholas County Critical and Essential Facilities N Morning Glory Barefoot Ellisville(/ 68 O 911 DISPATCH ô "Á AMBULANCE < EOC ñ FIRE GOVERNMENT BUILDING A MOBILE HOME CONCENTRATION a POLICE ROAD MAINTENANCE P k SCHOOL e AIRPORT ÆP HOSPITAL SAFE PLACE % FEMA FLOODPLAIN 1298 Hooktown k 648 (/ Barterville Headquarters A A PA ÆP kñ%ao $y < ñô<"á P CARLISLE Myers Weston Moorefield East Union Pleasant Valley Milltown 57 Sprout Upper Blue Licks Approximate Scale: 1 : 168,000 or 1" equals 14,000' m:/fema/mitigation/maps/nicholas/8x11maps.apr

31 Nicholas County FEMA Floodplains and Repetitive Loss Data N Morning Glory Barefoot Ellisville(/ Hooktown 32 Barterville Headquarters Myers Pleasant Valley (/ #S#S CARLISLE Milltown 57 Upper Blue Licks #S#S Weston Moorefield Sprout 57 #S#S #S #S #S#S#S #S#S #S m:/fema/mitigation/maps/nicholas/8x11maps.apr #S #S East Union #S #S FEMA Flooplain Locally Identified Flood Hazard Area Repetitive Loss Site Other BGADD Repetitive Loss Sites Approximate Scale: 1 : 168,000 or 1" equals 14,000'

32 Nicholas County Tornado Paths and Sites #S NCNIC1 N Barefoot Morning Glory 1244 Ellisville(/ 68 NCSCO Hooktown 32 Barterville Headquarters Myers Pleasant Valley (/ CARLISLE Milltown 57 Upper Blue Licks Weston Moorefield Sprout 57 East Union #S m:/fema/mitigation/maps/nicholas/8x11maps.apr #S Tornado Path Tornado Site (no path data available) Approximate Scale: 1 : 168,000 or 1" equals 14,000'

33 Landslide Susceptibility & Incidence in Kentucky The USGS has categorized areas of the conterminous U.S. based on two factors: probability of future landslide based on geology, and recorded occurrence of landslide in the past. These two studies have been synthesized into one spatial data layer which assigns areas different values based on both susceptibility and incidence. High Combo-Hi Sus-High Mod Sus-Mod Low N High 15% of landslide the area incidence is involved (more in landsliding). than High and moderate susceptibility incidence. to landsliding High and low susceptibility incidence. to landsliding Moderate of the area landslide is involved incidence in landsliding). (1.5-15% Moderate landsliding susceptibility and low incidence. to Low of the landslide area is involved incidence in (less landsliding). than 1.5 % BOONE KENTON Ohio CAMPBELL Missouri BALLARD CARLISLE HICKMAN FULTON Illinois MCCRACKEN GRAVES GALLATIN PENDLETON BRACKEN GRANT MASON Indiana TRIMBLE CARROLL LEWIS GREENUP OWEN ROBERTSON HENRY HARRISON FLEMING BOYD OLDHAM NICHOLAS CARTER SCOTT SHELBY FRANKLIN BOURBON ROWAN JEFFERSON BATH ELLIOTT LAWRENCE WOODFORD FAYETTE MONTGOMERY SPENCER ANDERSON MEADE BULLITT CLARK MENIFEE MORGAN JESSAMINE JOHNSON HANCOCK NELSON MERCER POWELL HENDERSON BRECKINRIDGE HARDIN MADISON WOLFE WASHINGTON MAGOFFIN DAVIESS ESTILL UNION BOYLE GARRARD LEE FLOYD LARUE MARION BREATHITT WEBSTER MCLEAN OHIO GRAYSON LINCOLN JACKSON OWSLEY KNOTT CRITTENDEN TAYLOR ROCKCASTLE HOPKINS HART CASEY PERRY LIVINGSTON BUTLER GREEN MUHLENBERG EDMONSON CLAY CALDWELL PULASKI LAUREL LESLIE LETCHER ADAIR LYON RUSSELL WARREN MARSHALL BARREN METCALFE CHRISTIAN KNOX TRIGG TODD LOGAN HARLAN CUMBERLAND ALLEN WAYNE WHITLEY MCCREARY BELL SIMPSON MONROE CLINTON CALLOWAY Data represented here is from USGS Tennessee Landslide Incidence and Susceptibility in the Conterminous United States, Miles The purpose of this data set is to give the user a general indication of areas that may be susceptible to landsliding. It is not suitable for m:/fema/mitigation/maps/landslide.apr local planning or site selection. GIS data from USGS site ( Map prepared by Bluegrass Area Development District (2004) for FEMA-HAZUS Mitigation Planning MARTIN PIKE Virginia West Virginia

34 Bluegrass Area Development District Landslide Susceptibility & Incidence (/ 25 (/ 27 HARRISON (/ 62 N.-, 75 SCOTT (/ (/ FRANKLIN 421 (/ (/ 27 BOURBON (/ 68 NICHOLAS.-, 64 (/ 460 (/ (/ FAYETTE WOODFORD.-, 75 (/ 27 ANDERSON (/ 60.-, 64 (/ 68 CLARK (/ 62 MERCER (/ 150 BOYLE (/ 127 (/ Miles LIMITATION OF LIABILITY: The Bluegrass Area Development District has no reason to believe that there are any inaccuracies or defects in information incorporated in this work, but BGADD makes no representations of any kind, including, but not limited to, the warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular use, nor any such warranties to be implied, with respect to the information or data furnished herein. JESSAMINE GARRARD (/ 27 (/ 127 LINCOLN (/ 27 (/ 27 (/ 150 Data represented here is from USGS Landslide Incidence and Susceptibility in the Conterminous United States, The purpose of this data set is to give the user a general indication of areas that may be susceptible to landsliding. It is not suitable for local planning or site selection. MADISON POWELL.-, 75 m:/fema/mitigation/maps/add-wide/landslide.apr (/ 25 (/ 25 (/ 421 (/ 60 High Combo-Hi Sus-High Mod Sus-Mod Low ESTILL Road City Limits County Line High 15% of landslide the area incidence is involved (more in landsliding). than High and moderate susceptibility incidence. to landsliding High and low susceptibility incidence. to landsliding Moderate of the area landslide is involved incidence in landsliding). (1.5-15% Moderate landsliding susceptibility and low incidence. to Low of the landslide area is involved incidence in (less landsliding). than 1.5 %

35 New Madrid Hypothetical Magnitudes This map is a hypothetical representation of the effect of a magnitude 8.0 (Richter Scale) earthquake in the New Madrid area. The following is an abbreviated description of the 12 levels of Modified Mercalli intensity scale. IV. Felt indoors by many, outdoors by few during the day. At night, some awakened. Dishes, windows, doors disturbed; walls make cracking sound. Sensation like heavy truck striking building. Standing motor cars rocked noticeably. V. Felt by nearly everyone; many awakened. Some dishes, windows broken. Unstable objects overturned. Pendulum clocks may stop. VI. Felt by all, many frightened. Some heavy furniture moved; a few instances of fallen plaster. Damage slight. VII. Damage negligible in buildings of good design and construction; slight to moderate in well-built ordinary structures; considerable damage in poorly built or badly designed structures; some chimneys broken. VIII. Damage slight in specially designed structures; considerable damage in ordinary substantial buildings with partial collapse. Damage great in poorly built structures. Fall of chimneys, factory stacks, columns, monuments, walls. Heavy furniture overturned. VIII BALLARD CARLISLE HICKMAN FULTON Perceived Magnitudes VIII VII VI V IV no data miles V BOONE KENTON CAMPBELL GALLATIN PENDLETON BRACKEN V GRANT TRIMBLE CARROLL MASON LEWIS GREENUP OWEN ROBERTSON HENRY HARRISON FLEMING BOYD OLDHAM NICHOLAS CARTER SCOTT SHELBY ROWAN JEFFERSON FRANKLIN BOURBON VI BATH ELLIOTT LAWRENCE WOODFORD FAYETTE MONTGOMERY SPENCER ANDERSON MEADE BULLITT CLARK MENIFEE MORGAN JESSAMINE JOHNSON HANCOCK NELSON MERCER POWELL HENDERSON BRECKINRIDGE HARDIN MADISON WOLFE MAGOFFIN VII WASHINGTON DAVIESS ESTILL UNION BOYLE GARRARD LEE FLOYD LARUE MARION BREATHITT WEBSTER MCLEAN OHIO GRAYSON LINCOLN JACKSON OWSLEY KNOTT CRITTENDEN TAYLOR ROCKCASTLE HOPKINS HART CASEY PERRY LIVINGSTON BUTLER GREEN MUHLENBERG EDMONSON CLAY CALDWELL ADAIR PULASKI LAUREL LESLIE LETCHER MCCRACKEN LYON RUSSELL WARREN MARSHALL BARREN METCALFE CHRISTIAN KNOX TRIGG TODD LOGAN HARLAN CUMBERLAND ALLEN WAYNE WHITLEY GRAVES MCCREARY BELL SIMPSON MONROE CLINTON CALLOWAY Abridged from The Severity of an Earthquake, a U. S. Geological Survey General Interest Publication. U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: Map data taken from Central United States Earthquake Consortium 2004 ( IV MARTIN PIKE Map prepared by Bluegrass Area Development District (2004) for FEMA-HAZUS Mitigation Planning N

36 GRAVES MCCRACKEN CALLOWAY MARSHALL LYON CHRISTIAN TODD OHIO LOGAN MUHLENBERG MCLEAN SIMPSON ALLEN EDMONSON WARREN BUTLER GRAYSON BRECKINRIDGE BARREN HART HARDIN GREEN NELSON MONROE ADAIR LAUREL BELL CLAY ELLIOTT HARLAN LESLIE PERRY LAWRENCE BOYD LETCHER KNOTT FLOYD JOHNSON MAGOFFIN BREATHITT WOLFE OWSLEY KNOX JACKSON LEE POWELL ESTILL ROWAN CARTER GREENUP MARTIN miles 8-16 MORGAN 50 LEWIS MENIFEE BATH MONTGOMERY WHITLEY ROCKCASTLE MCCREARY PULASKI LINCOLN GARRARD CLARK MADISON FAYETTE BOURBON FLEMING MASON NICHOLAS ROBERTSON Hazard Areas (% g) BRACKEN 2-4 HARRISON JESSAMINE WAYNE CASEY RUSSELL CLINTON TAYLOR MARION BOYLE CAMPBELL 0 PENDLETON SCOTT WOODFORD MERCER low KENTON GRANT FRANKLIN ANDERSON WASHINGTON CUMBERLAND METCALFE LARUE BULLITT SPENCER SHELBY OWEN GALLATIN Map data derived from USGS website ( TRIGG CALDWELL HOPKINS WEBSTER DAVIESS HANCOCK MEADE JEFFERSON OLDHAM Map prepared by Bluegrass Area Development District (2004) for FEMA-HAZUS Mitigation Planning FULTON HICKMAN CARLISLE BALLARD LIVINGSTON CRITTENDEN UNION HENDERSON Map taken from USGS site ( HENRY CARROLL TRIMBLE BOONE A seismic hazard is the hazard associated with potential earthquakes in a particular area. The following information was obtained on the USGS Earthquake Hazards Program website. Seismic Hazards of Kentucky PIKE high N

37 Peak Ground Acceleration/Faults/Historic Earthquakes #Y #Y 1883 #Y #Y BALLARD 4.60 CARLISLE 4.20 HICKMAN 3.80 FULTON 4.20 Fault Lines (KGS) MCCRACKEN GRAVES #Y Peak Ground Acceleration Historical Earthquakes (US National Atlas) includes year and magnitude miles GALLATIN PENDLETON BRACKEN GRANT TRIMBLE CARROLL MASON LEWIS GREENUP OWEN ROBERTSON HENRY HARRISON FLEMING BOYD OLDHAM NICHOLAS CARTER SCOTT SHELBY ROWAN JEFFERSON FRANKLIN BOURBON 4.60 #Y BATH ELLIOTT LAWRENCE WOODFORD 1988 #Y SPENCER FAYETTE 1990 ANDERSON CLARK MONTGOMERY BULLITT MENIFEE MORGAN JOHNSON MEADE JESSAMINE HANCOCK #Y NELSON MERCER POWELL BRECKINRIDGE HARDIN MADISON WOLFE HENDERSON WASHINGTON MAGOFFIN DAVIESS ESTILL UNION BOYLE GARRARD LEE FLOYD LARUE MARION BREATHITT WEBSTER MCLEAN OHIO GRAYSON LINCOLN JACKSON OWSLEY KNOTT CRITTENDEN TAYLOR ROCKCASTLE HOPKINS HART CASEY PERRY LIVINGSTON BUTLER GREEN MUHLENBERG EDMONSON CLAY CALDWELL ADAIR PULASKI LAUREL LESLIE LETCHER LYON 1850 RUSSELL #Y 4.90 WARREN KNOX MARSHALL BARREN METCALFE 1976 CHRISTIAN LOGAN #Y 3.80 HARLAN TRIGG TODD CUMBERLAND ALLEN WAYNE WHITLEY SIMPSON MONROE CLINTON MCCREARY BELL 1954 CALLOWAY 4.30 Kentucky fault data provided by Kentucky Geological Survey, derived from Geologic Map of Kentucky, Map prepared by Bluegrass Area Development District (2004) for FEMA-HAZUS Mitigation Planning BOONE KENTON CAMPBELL #Y MARTIN PIKE N