The Metonic Cycle Made Simple
|
|
|
- Thomasine King
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The Cycle Made Simple All calendars require some form of intercalation. This means that in order to keep the calendar months aligned with the correct seasons, additional time must occasionally be added. In the modern Gregorian calendar used the world over, the extra time comes in the form of a "leap" day every fourth year when an extra day, February 29, is added. The exception to this rule is the rare occurrence of a century year that is not divisible by 400. Thus, 2000 was a leap year, but 1900, 1800, and 1700 were not. In those years, there were eight years between leap years. The only other century year that had a leap day was (Prior to that time, the Julian calendar was used that did not exclude certain century years from being leap years.) The Creator's calendar also requires intercalation. This is done by the addition of an extra month, a 13th month, in an "embolismic" year. A strictly lunar calendar, such as that used by Muslims, floats backward through the year. Thus, Ramadan sometimes occurs in the fall, but a few years later in the summer, and a few years after that in the spring, and so forth. A luni-solar calendar, on the other hand, anchors the lunar months to some event within the solar year. (For more on the Biblical New, refer to "Biblical Calendation: Reckoning the New.") The Biblical calendar is luni-solar and begins with the nearest the vernal equinox. Because the lunar year is 11 days shorter than the solar year, it is sometimes necessary to add a 13th month to realign the lunar year with the solar year. s containing 13 months are called "embolismic years." These embolismic years fall into a very predictable 19-year cycle. Meton, a Greek astronomer, is typically credited with being the first to discover this cycle. In actuality, he merely introduced to the West the astronomical principles discovered by Kidinnu (or Cidenas), a Babylonian astronomer from around the same time period. There are seven embolismic years within the 19-year cycle. The pattern of common versus embolismic years is as follows. Embolismic years (years containing 13 months) are shown in red: There are never two embolismic years in a row. There are never more than two common years before there is another embolismic year. Below is a chart illustrating the cycle from 1802 to It is very important to note that this chart is based on Cairo time (Cairo, Egypt = UTC +2) 2. The Gregorian dates listed here are specific to Cairo and will not necessarily be applicable to other locations. You will need to check conjunction times 3 and dawn (astronomical twilight) times 4 for your specific location to ascertain the Gregorian dates on which will fall in your area. In order to identify the start of a new year (Abib 1), we must locate the closest to the vernal equinox. (Using this method typically places the start of the year between March 7 and April 6.) Note: When we have correctly identified the closest to the vernal equinox, the following criteria will be met: 1. The vernal equinox will take place before Passover (the 14th day of the lunar month). 2. The vernal equinox will take place before the full moon.
2 1 The decision to map the cycle specifically from is completely arbitrary. The sole purpose of this chart is to establish the Cycle with certainty. Any group of years extensively mapped out will result in the same conclusion, confirming the constancy of the cycle, as well as our current position in the cycle. WLC is in no way suggesting that the world will end in In fact, WLC is convinced that Yahushua will return much, much sooner. 2 The decision to use Cairo here is arbitrary. The sole purpose of this chart is to establish the Cycle with certainty. 3 * * (Note: Conjunction is referred to as the astronomical "new moon".) * On rare occasions, the calculated times reported by NASA and the USNO in the links above may vary slightly, i.e. by one minute. The table below is based primarily ondata provided by the USNO. 4 (Important Note: A Biblical day begins a dawn - astronomical twilight, NOT sunrise. You will need to select "astronomical twilight" as the type of table.) When looking up the dawn times for your area, DO NOT FORGET to take daylight saving time into consideration when applicable. UTC time is unchanging; it does not make allowances for daylight saving time. (Important Note: A Biblical day begins a dawn - astronomical twilight, NOT sunrise. You will need to select "twilight/rise/set (sun)" in the Columns section after selecting your location.) 5 Time and Date of Equinox, Equinox March /21 07:48 3/21 13:33 3/20 19:17 3/21 1:04 3/21 6:52 3/21 12:41 3/20 18:29 3/21 0:21 3/21 6:20 3/21 12:13 3/20 17:59 3/20 23:49 3/21 5:42 Mar 4 05:07 Apr 2 15:19 April Mar 23 07:02 Apr 21 15:40 March Mar 11 23:02 Apr 10 08:18 March Mar 30 22:59 Apr 29 08:30 March Mar 20 07:32 Apr 18 20:56 March Mar 9 09:04 Apr 8 02:11 March Mar 27 02:17 Apr 25 19:27 March Mar 16 04:28 Apr 14 19:57 March Mar 5 13:35 Apr 4 01:40 April Mar 24 14:18 Apr 23 00:17 March Mar 13 06:32 Apr 11 15:28 March Mar 2 21:43 Apr 1 07:59 April Mar 21 21:13 Apr 20 07:54 March /21 11:30 Mar 11 03:31 Apr 9 18:21 March /20 17:15 3/20 22:26 Mar 28 21:31 Apr 27 13:28 March Mar 17 21:19 Apr 16 14:27 March
3 /21 4:16 3/21 10:05 3/20 15:54 Mar 7 01:10 Apr 5 15:46 March Mar 25 23:29 Apr 24 11:46 March Mar 14 13:30 Apr 12 23:14 March Equinox March /20 21:43 3/21 3:32 3/21 9:22 3/20 15:11 3/20 21:00 3/21 2:49 3/21 8:38 3/20 14:28 3/20 20:17 3/21 2:06 3/21 7:55 3/20 13:44 3/20 19:34 3/21 1:23 3/21 7:12 3/20 13:01 3/20 18:50 3/21 0:40 3/21 6:29 Mar 4 05:50 Apr 2 15:14 April Mar 23 07:15 Apr 21 16:15 March Mar 12 18:43 Apr 11 06:49 March Mar 30 15:06 Apr 29 04:21 March Mar 19 16:30 Apr 18 09:19 March Mar 8 16:40 Apr 7 09:28 March Mar 27 12:07 Apr 26 03:00 March Mar 15 21:46 Apr 14 09:18 March Mar 5 12:48 Apr 3 22:24 April Mar 24 14:51 Apr 22 23:25 March Mar 14 05:59 Apr 12 16:01 March Mar 2 15:26 Apr 1 05:06 April Mar 21 11:07 Apr 20 01:46 March Mar 10 11:16 Apr 9 04:42 March Mar 29 04:41 Apr 27 21:20 March Mar 17 09:04 Apr 15 23:03 March Mar 6 20:29 Apr 5 07:20 March Mar 25 21:44 Apr 24 07:00 March Mar 15 14:13 Apr 13 23:17 March
4 Equinox March /20 12:18 3/20 18:07 3/20 23:56 3/21 5:46 3/20 11:35 Mar 4 04:05 Apr 2 15:21 April Mar 23 02:36 Apr 21 14:32 March Mar 12 06:28 Apr 10 22:30 March Mar 30 23:48 Apr 29 16:18 March Mar 19 00:17 Apr 17 16:32 March /20 17:24 Mar 8 06:36 Apr 6 19:40 March /20 23:13 3/21 5:02 3/20 10:52 3/20 16:41 3/20 22:30 3/21 4:19 3/20 10:08 3/20 15:58 3/20 21:47 3/21 3:36 3/20 9:25 3/20 15:14 3/20 21:04 Mar 27 05:50 Apr 25 16:48 March Mar 16 21:11 Apr 15 06:22 March Mar 5 13:17 Apr 3 23:01 April Mar 24 14:06 Apr 22 23:54 March Mar 13 23:17 Apr 12 12:46 March Mar 3 01:15 Apr 1 18:32 April Mar 20 18:42 Apr 19 11:45 March Mar 9 20:18 Apr 8 11:57 March Mar 28 16:51 Apr 27 06:14 March Mar 18 04:45 Apr 16 15:05 March Mar 6 20:39 Apr 5 05:53 March Mar 25 22:29 Apr 24 07:14 March Mar 15 12:12 Apr 13 23:15 March Equinox March /21 2:53 3/20 8:42 3/20 14:31 Mar 4 19:11 Apr 3 10:17 April Mar 22 13:56 Apr 21 05:45 March Mar 11 13:37 Apr 10 06:56 March
5 /20 20:20 3/21 2:10 3/20 7:59 3/20 13:48 3/20 19:37 3/21 1:26 3/20 7:16 3/20 13:05 3/20 18:54 3/21 0:43 Mar 30 07:45 Apr 28 23:27 March Mar 19 14:37 Apr 18 03:05 March Mar 8 03:59 Apr 6 13:49 March Mar 27 05:28 Apr 25 14:13 March Mar 16 21:37 Apr 15 07:03 March Mar 6 09:38 Apr 4 22:04 April Mar 24 06:59 Apr 22 20:20 March Mar 13 08:47 Apr 12 01:48 March Mar 2 08:40 Apr 1 01:58 April Mar 21 04:01 Apr 19 19:04 March /20 6:32 Mar 9 12:53 Apr 8 00:32 March /20 12:22 3/20 18:11 3/21 0:00 3/20 5:49 3/20 11:38 Mar 28 12:54 Apr 26 22:42 March Mar 18 05:02 Apr 16 13:52 March Mar 7 20:20 Apr 6 06:36 March Mar 25 20:12 Apr 24 07:04 March Mar 15 02:54 Apr 13 17:50 March Equinox March /20 17:28 3/20 23:17 3/20 5:06 3/20 10:55 3/20 16:44 3/20 22:34 3/20 4:23 Mar 4 03:18 Apr 2 21:14 April Mar 22 21:05 Apr 21 13:56 March Mar 11 00:47 Apr 9 15:07 March Mar 29 22:32 Apr March Mar 19 12:18 Apr 17 21:38 March Mar 9 04:31 Apr 7 13:36 March Mar 27 05:48 Apr 25 14:58 March
6 /20 10:12 3/20 16:01 3/20 21:50 3/20 3:40 3/20 9:29 3/20 15:18 3/20 21:07 3/20 2:56 3/20 8:46 3/20 14:35 3/20 20:24 3/20 2:13 Mar 16 17:37 Apr 15 05:52 March Mar 5 22:04 Apr 4 14:31 April Mar 24 16:10 Apr 23 08:53 March Mar 12 16:21 Apr 11 09:08 March Mar 31 11:38 Apr 30 02:05 April Mar 20 21:01 Apr 19 08:06 March Mar 10 11:51 Apr 8 20:57 March Mar 28 13:18 Apr 26 21:47 March Mar 18 04:33 Apr 16 14:34 March Mar 7 14:18 Apr 6 04:00 March Mar 26 10:25 Apr 25 01:11 March Mar 14 10:48 Apr 13 04:23 March Equinox March /20 8:02 3/20 13:52 3/20 19:41 3/21 1:30 3/21 7:19 3/21 13:08 3/21 18:58 3/21 0:47 3/21 6:36 3/21 12:25 3/21 18:14 Mar 3 11:56 Apr 2 04:24 April Mar 22 08:37 Apr 20 22:21 March Mar 11 19:53 Apr 10 06:21 March Mar 30 20:30 Apr 29 05:23 March Mar 20 12:53 Apr 18 21:37 March Mar 10 02:50 Apr 8 13:50 March Mar 29 01:26 Apr 27 13:31 March Mar 17 05:39 Apr 15 21:53 March Mar 6 05:19 Apr 4 23:23 April Mar 24 23:52 Apr 23 16:06 March Mar 14 06:05 Apr 12 19:06 March
7 /21 0:04 3/21 5:53 3/21 11:42 3/21 17:31 3/20 23:20 3/21 5:10 3/21 10:59 3/21 16:48 Mar 2 18:57 Apr 1 05:02 April Mar 21 20:11 Apr 20 04:51 March Mar 11 12:12 Apr 9 21:25 March Mar 30 12:38 Apr 28 22:25 March Mar 18 22:08 Apr 17 11:40 March Mar 8 00:22 Apr 6 17:48 March Mar 26 18:09 Apr 25 11:21 March Mar 15 19:42 Apr 14 11:35 March Equinox March /20 22:37 3/21 4:26 3/21 10:16 3/21 16:05 3/20 21:54 3/21 3:43 3/21 9:32 3/21 15:22 3/20 21:11 3/21 3:00 3/21 8:49 3/21 14:38 3/20 20:28 3/21 2:17 3/21 8:06 Mar 4 03:57 Apr 2 16:21 April Mar 23 04:05 Apr 21 14:01 March Mar 12 19:52 Apr 11 04:34 March Mar 31 21:04 Apr 30 05:30 April Mar 20 10:55 Apr 18 21:43 March Mar 9 18:09 Apr 8 09:05 March Mar 28 13:03 Apr 27 05:03 March Mar 17 12:51 Apr 16 06:28 March Mar 5 15:58 Apr 4 07:17 April Mar 24 14:03 Apr 23 02:28 March Mar 14 03:20 Apr 12 12:56 March Mar 3 19:25 Apr 2 04:24 April Mar 21 20:29 Apr 20 05:25 March Mar 11 08:36 Apr 9 20:32 March Mar 30 05:46 Apr 28 19:08 March
8 /21 13:55 3/20 19:44 3/21 1:34 3/21 7:23 Mar 19 07:51 Apr 18 01:00 March Mar 7 07:44 Apr 6 01:21 March Mar 26 03:20 Apr 24 18:38 March Mar 15 12:08 Apr 13 23:57 March Equinox March /21 13:12 3/20 19:01 3/21 0:50 3/21 6:40 3/21 12:29 3/20 18:18 3/21 0:07 3/21 5:56 3/21 11:46 3/20 17:35 3/20 23:24 3/21 5:13 3/21 11:02 3/20 16:52 3/20 22:41 3/21 4:30 3/21 10:19 3/20 16:08 3/20 21:58 Mar 5 02:40 Apr 3 12:10 April Mar 23 04:13 Apr 21 12:32 March Mar 12 19:32 Apr 11 05:10 March Mar 31 18:52 Apr 30 05:28 April Mar 21 01:49 Apr 19 16:35 March Mar 9 02:23 Apr 7 20:18 March Mar 27 20:14 Apr 26 13:23 March Mar 16 23:50 Apr 15 14:33 March Mar 6 10:34 Apr 4 21:53 April Mar 24 11:36 Apr 22 20:43 March Mar 14 03:51 Apr 12 12:30 March Mar 3 18:01 Apr 2 04:37 April Mar 22 16:34 Apr 21 04:19 March Mar 10 21:15 Apr 9 13:17 March Mar 29 15:11 Apr 28 08:02 March Mar 18 15:20 Apr 17 08:25 March Mar 7 20:51 Apr 6 10:52 March Mar 25 20:13 Apr 24 07:27 March Mar 15 11:05 Apr 13 20:09 March
9 Equinox March /21 3:47 3/21 9:36 Mar 5 03:11 Apr 3 12:25 April Mar 24 03:42 Apr 22 13:06 March /20 15:25 Mar 12 13:37 Apr 11 02:39 March /20 21:14 3/21 3:04 3/21 8:53 3/20 14:42 3/20 20:31 3/21 2:20 3/21 8:10 3/20 13:59 3/20 19:48 3/21 1:37 3/21 7:26 3/20 13:16 3/20 19:05 3/21 0:54 3/21 6:43 3/20 12:32 Mar 31 09:19 Apr 29 23:54 April Mar 20 09:50 Apr 19 03:23 March Mar 9 10:51 Apr 8 03:29 March Mar 27 07:37 Apr 25 21:44 March Mar 16 18:51 Apr 15 05:37 March Mar 6 10:31 Apr 4 19:45 April Mar 25 12:10 Apr 23 20:29 March Mar 14 02:14 Apr 12 12:37 March Mar 3 09:56 Apr 2 00:21 April Mar 22 04:46 Apr 20 20:35 March Mar 11 04:30 Apr 9 22:20 March Mar 28 22:48 Apr 27 15:21 March Mar 18 04:51 Apr 16 18:16 March Mar 7 17:42 Apr 6 04:09 March Mar 26 19:23 Apr 25 04:02 March Mar 15 11:35 Apr 13 20:31 March Equinox March /20 18:22 3/21 0:11 3/21 6:00 Mar 5 00:07 Apr 3 11:45 April Mar 23 21:24 Apr 22 10:16 March Mar 12 23:47 Apr 11 16:39 March
10 /20 11:49 3/20 17:38 3/20 23:28 3/21 5:17 Mar 30 17:08 Apr 29 10:19 March Mar 19 18:33 Apr 18 10:35 March Mar 9 02:36 Apr 7 15:15 March Mar 28 02:59 Apr 26 13:15 March /20 11:06 Mar 16 18:56 Apr 15 03:46 March /20 16:55 3/20 22:44 3/21 4:34 3/20 10:23 3/20 16:12 3/20 22:01 3/21 3:50 3/20 9:40 3/20 15:29 3/20 21:18 3/21 3:07 Mar 6 10:31 Apr 4 20:19 April Mar 25 10:17 Apr 23 20:29 March Mar 14 17:43 Apr 13 07:58 March Mar 2 18:31 Apr 1 12:10 April Mar 21 11:59 Apr 20 05:22 March Mar 10 14:52 Apr 9 06:08 March Mar 29 12:46 Apr 28 01:34 March Mar 18 02:02 Apr 16 12:00 March Mar 7 18:19 Apr 6 03:33 March Mar 26 19:48 Apr 25 04:27 March Mar 16 08:10 Apr 14 19:38 March Equinox March /20 8:56 Mar 4 13:22 Apr 3 05:01 April /20 14:46 3/20 20:35 3/21 2:24 3/20 8:13 3/20 14:02 3/20 19:52 Mar 23 07:14 Apr 21 23:49 March Mar 12 07:05 Apr 11 00:17 March Mar 31 02:09 Apr 29 17:36 March Mar 19 10:45 Apr 17 22:49 March Mar 9 01:15 Apr 7 11:02 March Mar 28 03:14 Apr 26 11:41 March
11 /21 1:41 3/20 7:30 Mar 17 18:48 Apr 16 04:22 March Mar 6 05:17 Apr 4 18:12 April /20 13:19 Mar 25 01:21 Apr 23 15:26 March /20 19:08 3/21 0:58 3/20 6:47 3/20 12:36 3/20 18:25 3/21 0:14 3/20 6:04 3/20 11:53 3/20 17:42 Mar 14 02:03 Apr 12 19:21 March Mar 3 02:35 Apr 1 19:19 April Mar 20 22:41 Apr 19 13:21 March Mar 10 09:10 Apr 8 20:32 March Mar 29 10:15 Apr 27 19:44 March Mar 19 02:43 Apr 17 11:36 March Mar 7 17:14 Apr 6 03:55 March Mar 26 16:06 Apr 25 03:23 March Mar 15 21:01 Apr 14 12:29 March Equinox March /20 23:31 3/20 5:20 3/20 11:10 3/20 16:59 3/20 22:48 3/20 4:37 3/20 10:26 3/20 16:16 3/20 22:05 3/20 3:54 3/20 9:43 Mar 4 20:46 Apr 3 14:32 April Mar 22 14:37 Apr 21 07:18 March Mar 11 19:51 Apr 10 09:35 March Mar 30 18:45 Apr 29 06:14 March Mar 20 09:36 Apr 18 18:57 March Mar 9 01:54 Apr 7 11:24 March Mar 28 02:57 Apr 26 12:16 March Mar 17 13:11 Apr 16 01:57 March Mar 6 16:04 Apr 5 08:50 April Mar 24 09:28 Apr 23 02:26 March Mar 13 10:21 Apr 12 02:31 March
12 /20 15:32 3/20 21:22 3/20 3:11 3/20 9:00 3/20 14:49 3/20 20:38 3/20 2:28 3/20 8:17 Mar 2 17:35 Apr 1 06:24 April Mar 21 17:23 Apr 20 04:12 March Mar 10 09:00 Apr 8 18:21 March Mar 29 10:58 Apr 27 19:31 March Mar 19 01:23 Apr 17 11:52 March Mar 8 09:29 Apr 6 23:51 March Mar 26 04:31 Apr 24 19:47 March Mar 15 04:19 Apr 13 21:40 March Equinox March /20 14:06 3/20 19:55 3/20 1:44 3/20 7:34 3/20 13:23 3/20 19:12 Mar 4 06:34 Apr 2 22:02 April Mar 23 03:49 Apr 21 16:57 March Mar 11 16:24 Apr 10 02:39 March Mar 30 17:51 Apr 29 02:46 March Mar 20 10:14 Apr 18 19:26 March Mar 9 23:09 Apr 8 10:58 March /20 1:01 Mar 27 20:57 Apr 26 09:33 March /20 6:50 Mar 16 23:36 Apr 15 16:08 March /20 12:40 Mar 5 23:15 Apr 4 16:43 April /20 18:29 Mar 24 17:59 Apr 23 09:35 March /20 0:18 Mar 13 01:46 Apr 11 14:00 March /20 6:07 Mar 2 15:39 Apr 1 01:29 April /20 11:56 Mar 21 17:23 Apr 20 02:19 March /20 17:46 Mar 11 09:09 Apr 9 19:06 March /19 23:35 Mar 29 09:26 Apr 27 19:42 March /20 5:07 Mar 18 17:15 Apr 17 07:27 March
13 2046 3/20 10:57 Mar 7 18:15 Apr 6 11:52 March /20 16:52 Mar 26 11:44 Apr 25 04:40 March /19 22:33 Mar 14 14:28 Apr 13 05:20 March
Astronomy 291. Professor Bradley M. Peterson
Astronomy 291 Professor Bradley M. Peterson The Sky As a first step, we need to understand the appearance of the sky. Important points (to be explained): The relative positions of stars remain the same
Astronomy. Unit 2. The Moon
Astronomy Unit 2 The Moon 1 Traveling on Spaceship Earth Although we imagine ourselves to be at rest, the Earth takes part in the motions outlined below. The Earth spins about its N-S axis, with a period
Viewed from Earth's north pole, the rotation of Earth and its moon are counter-clockwise.!
The Earth rotates around once in 24 hours The time it takes for the Earth to rotate completely around once is what we call a day. It's Earth's rotation that gives us night and day. Viewed from Earth's
Passover Days CE
Passover Days 28-35 CE 1. Introduction There have been various attempts over the years at producing calendars in modern formats for the year of the Crucifixion of the Messaiah. The accuracy of these is
Chapter S1 Lecture. The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition. Celestial Timekeeping and Navigation Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter S1 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Celestial Timekeeping and Navigation 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Celestial Timekeeping and Navigation 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. S1.1 Astronomical
PHAS 1511: Foundations of Astronomy
PHAS 1511: Foundations of Astronomy Dr Roger Wesson Research interests: deaths of stars. Planetary nebulae, novae and supernovae. Astronomy: some maths You can see that distances in astronomy are huge.
STANDARD. S6E1 d. Explain the motion of objects in the day/night sky in terms of relative position.
STANDARD S6E1 d. Explain the motion of objects in the day/night sky in terms of relative position. S6E2 b. Explain the alignment of the earth, moon, and sun during solar and lunar eclipses. c. Relate the
Directed Reading. Section: Viewing the Universe THE VALUE OF ASTRONOMY. Skills Worksheet. 1. How did observations of the sky help farmers in the past?
Skills Worksheet Directed Reading Section: Viewing the Universe 1. How did observations of the sky help farmers in the past? 2. How did observations of the sky help sailors in the past? 3. What is the
PHSC 1053: Astronomy Time and Coordinates
PHSC 1053: Astronomy Time and Coordinates Astronomical Clocks Earth s Rotation on its Axis Time between two successive meridian transits of the sun 1 solar day (our adopted clock time) 24 hours (86,400
2. Modern: A constellation is a region in the sky. Every object in the sky, whether we can see it or not, is part of a constellation.
6/14 10. Star Cluster size about 10 14 to 10 17 m importance: where stars are born composed of stars. 11. Galaxy size about 10 21 m importance: provide a stable environment for stars. Composed of stars.
Determining the New Moon and Holy Days in Leviticus 23
Determining the New Moon and Holy Days in Leviticus 23 by Anthony V. Gaudiano Israelites reckoned days, months, years, seasons, etc., using Genesis 1:15-19. Every twenty-nine to thirty days (sunset-to-sunset)
Chapter S1 Celestial Timekeeping and Navigation. How do we define the day, month, year, and planetary time periods?
Chapter S1 Celestial Timekeeping and Navigation S1.1 Astronomical Time Periods Our goals for learning:! How do we define the day, month, year, and planetary time periods?! How do we tell the time of day?!
18.2 Earth Cycles Days and years Calendars Years and days Leap years Calendars throughout human history 20,000 years ago. 7,000 BC. 4,000 BC.
18.2 Reading 18.2 Earth Cycles Do you ever wonder where our calendar comes from? Or why the Moon gradually changes its shape? Or why we have seasons? The answers have to do with the relative positions
Astronomy 1010 Planetary Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 1
Astronomy 1010 Planetary Astronomy Sample Questions for Exam 1 Chapter 1 1. A scientific hypothesis is a) a wild, baseless guess about how something works. b) a collection of ideas that seems to explain
Lunar Phases. (Ping Pong and Globe demo of phases).
Lunar Phases Every 29.52 days the Moon goes through a predictable cycle of changes in its shape which we call phases. For thousands of years, people have recorded these phases and during this time, the.
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS SEMESTER 2 EXAMINATION Heavenly Mathematics: Cultural Astronomy
1 GEK1506 NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS SEMESTER 2 EXAMINATION 2005 2006 GEK1506 Heavenly Mathematics: Cultural Astronomy April/May 2006 Time allowed: 2 hours 1. After taking
Lecture 2: Motions of the Earth and Moon. Astronomy 111 Wednesday August 30, 2017
Lecture 2: Motions of the Earth and Moon Astronomy 111 Wednesday August 30, 2017 Reminders Online homework #1 due Monday at 3pm Labs start next week Motions of the Earth ASTR111 Lecture 2 Observation:
Practice Seasons Moon Quiz
1. Which diagram represents the tilt of Earth's axis relative to the Sun's rays on December 15? A) B) C) D) 2. The diagram below represents Earth in space on the first day of a season. 5. Base your answer
EARTH S REVOLUTION -and- EARTH S ROTATION
EARTH S REVOLUTION -and- EARTH S ROTATION Earth s Revolution Have you ever noticed that your classroom globe is tilted? This is no accident. Globes are made to be replicas, or models, of the Earth. Earth
SKYCAL - Sky Events Calendar
SKYCAL - Sky Events Calendar Your web browser must have Javascript turned on. The following browsers have been successfully tested: Macintosh - Firefox 3.0 (Safari NOT supported) Windows - Firefox 3.0,
Astronomy 103: First Exam
Name: Astronomy 103: First Exam Stephen Lepp September 21, 2010 Each question is worth 2 points. Write your name on this exam and on the scantron. Short Answer Mercury What is the closest Planet to the
Discovering the Night Sky
Discovering the Night Sky Guiding Questions 1. What role did astronomy play in ancient civilizations? 2. Are the stars that make up a constellation actually close to one another? 3. Are the same stars
Discovering the Night Sky
Guiding Questions Discovering the Night Sky 1. What role did astronomy play in ancient civilizations? 2. Are the stars that make up a constellation actually close to one another? 3. Are the same stars
HISTORICAL ECLIPSES AND EARTH'S ROTATION
HISTORICAL ECLIPSES AND EARTH'S ROTATION F. Richard Stephenson University of Durham CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents Principal Symbols 1 Variations in the length of the day: a historical perspective
Chapter 26 Section 1 pages Directed Reading Section: Viewing the Universe
Name: Period: Chapter 26 Section 1 pages 659-666 Directed Reading Section: Viewing the Universe 1. How did observations of the sky help sailors in the past? 2. What is the main reason people study the
Say Kids, What Time Is It?
Say Kids, What Time Is It? David Malone Thu Apr 19 19:30:00 BST 2001 1 Time What is time all about? second: In the International System of Units (SI), the time interval equal to 9,192,631,770 periods of
Astronomy 100 Section 2 MWF Greg Hall
Astronomy 100 Section 2 MWF 1200-1300 100 Greg Hall Leslie Looney Phone: 217-244-3615 Email: lwl @ uiuc. edu Office: Astro Building #218 Office Hours: MTF 10:30-11:30 a.m. or by appointment Class Web Page
Chapter 0 2/19/2014. Lecture Outline. 0.1 The Obvious View. Charting the Heavens. 0.1 The Obvious View. 0.1 The Obvious View. Units of Chapter 0
Lecture Outline Chapter 0 Charting the Heavens Earth is average we don t occupy any special place in the universe Universe: Totality of all space, time, matter, and energy Astronomy: Study of the universe
2. Knowing the Heavens
2. Knowing the Heavens Ancient naked-eye astronomy Eighty-eight constellations The sky s ever-changing appearance The celestial sphere Celestial coordinates Seasons: Earth s axial tilt Precession of Earth
SUBJECT : GEOGRAPHY ROTATION AND REVOLUTION This paper consists of 5 printed pages.
SUBJECT : GEOGRAPHY ROTATION AND REVOLUTION 2017-2018 This paper consists of 5 printed pages. 1. Name the motions of the earth. A. They are Rotation and Revolution. 2. What is Rotation? A. Rotation is
1. The diagram below represents Earth and the Moon as viewed from above the North Pole. Points A, B, C, and D are locations on Earth's surface.
1. The diagram below represents Earth and the Moon as viewed from above the North Pole. Points A, B, C, and D are locations on Earth's surface. 2. The graph below shows the change in tide heights of the
The Sky Perceptions of the Sky
The Sky Perceptions of the Sky An Observer-Centered Hemisphere Night & Day - Black & Blue - Stars & Sun Atmospheric & Astronomical Phenomena Weather, Clouds, Rainbows,... versus Sun, Moon, Stars, Planets,...
Knowing the Heavens. Goals: Constellations in the Sky
Goals: Knowing the Heavens To see how the sky changes during a night and from night to night. To measure the positions of stars in celestial coordinates. To understand the cause of the seasons. Constellations
Chapter 1 Image Slides. Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.
Chapter 1 Image Slides Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. CH. 1: CYCLES OF THE SKY CO a 1.1 The Celestial Sphere CO b The nearest star to us is about
Knowing the Heavens. Goals: Constellations in the Sky
Goals: Knowing the Heavens To see how the sky changes during a night and from night to night. To measure the positions of stars in celestial coordinates. To understand the cause of the seasons. Constellations
Knowing the Heavens. Chapter Two. Guiding Questions. Naked-eye (unaided-eye) astronomy had an important place in ancient civilizations
Knowing the Heavens Chapter Two Guiding Questions 1. What role did astronomy play in ancient civilizations? 2. Are the stars that make up a constellation actually close to one another? 3. Are the same
A Warm Up Exercise. The Motion of the Sun. A Warm Up Exercise. A Warm Up Exercise. A Warm Up Exercise
A Warm Up Exercise The Motion of the Sun Which of the following is NOT true of a circumpolar star? a) It rises and sets from my latitude b) Its direction can be far North c) Its direction can be far South
Astronomical Techniques I
Astronomical Techniques I Lecture 1 Yogesh Wadadekar Jan-Feb 2015 IUCAA-NCRA Grad School 1 / 23 Course Website http://www.ncra.tifr.res.in:8081/ yogesh/astrotech1_2015/ Best way to reach me is by email
Astronomy A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO THE UNIVERSE EIGHTH EDITION
Astronomy A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO THE UNIVERSE EIGHTH EDITION CHAPTER 0 Charting the Heavens Lecture Presentation 0.0 Astronmy a why is that subject! Q. What rare astronomical event happened in late summer
Lady, by yonder blessed Moon I vow, protests Romeo, to which Juliet replies:
Lady, by yonder blessed Moon I vow, protests Romeo, to which Juliet replies: Oh, swear not by the Moon, the inconstant Moon That monthly changes in her circled orb, Lest that thy love prove likewise variable.
Chapter 1: Discovering the Night Sky. The sky is divided into 88 unequal areas that we call constellations.
Chapter 1: Discovering the Night Sky Constellations: Recognizable patterns of the brighter stars that have been derived from ancient legends. Different cultures have associated the patterns with their
ASTR 1P01 Test 1, May 2018 Page 1 BROCK UNIVERSITY. Test 1: Spring 2018 Number of pages: 10 Course: ASTR 1P01, Section 1 Number of students: 598
ASTR 1P01 Test 1, May 2018 Page 1 BROCK UNIVERSITY Test 1: Spring 2018 Number of pages: 10 Course: ASTR 1P01, Section 1 Number of students: 598 Examination date: 12 May 2018 Time limit: 50 min Time of
Astronomy Club of Asheville March 2018 Sky Events
March 2018 Sky Events The Planets this Month - page 2 Close Conjunction of Venus and Mercury page 5 The Crescent Moon Joins Venus and Mercury page 6 A Crescent Moon Pairs with Aldebaran page 7 Planet Highlights
Astronomy = Timekeeping
Astronomy = Timekeeping Day, month, year Important for seasons - hunter gatherer Annual migrations Seasons important for farmers Heliacal rising of Sirius Important for navigation Longitude & GPS Important
UNIT 14 Time and Timetables Activities
UNIT 14 Time and Timetables Activities Activities 14.1 Gregorian Calendar 14.2 Days of the Week 14.3 Easter Day 14.4 A Tour of Scotland Notes and Solutions (2 pages) ACTIVITY 14.1 Gregorian Calendar When
News? NASA Administrator Griffin visits China Pic of the day - Face on Mars
9/25/06 Exam grades, answer key will be posted tomorrow, exams returned Wednesday Absence/Failing notices for first exam - formality First Sky Watch extra credit reports due today. News? NASA Administrator
ANNOUNCEMENTS. HOMEWORKS #4 & #5 handed out today. HAND HW#4 IN FOR CREDIT NEXT THURSDAY
ANNOUNCEMENTS HOMEWORKS #4 & #5 handed out today. HAND HW#4 IN FOR CREDIT NEXT THURSDAY OPTIONAL Dark Sky Field Trip next Tuesday 6:15pm meet at Fiske dress very warmly. Pray for clear weather. IF YOU
The Perennial Ecliptic Calendar
The Perennial Ecliptic Calendar INTRODUCTION The Perennial Ecliptic Calendar is a system for marking time in which weeks vary between seven and eight days in length, but everything else is completely regular:
For most observers on Earth, the sun rises in the eastern
632 CHAPTER 25: EARTH, SUN, AND SEASONS WHAT IS THE SUN S APPARENT PATH ACROSS THE SKY? For most observers on Earth, the sun rises in the eastern part of the sky. The sun reaches its greatest angular altitude
Contents. Part 2: THE DATING OF THE EGYPTIAN ZODIACS. Former astronomical datings of the Egyptian zodiacs
Contents Part 2: THE DATING OF THE EGYPTIAN ZODIACS by A. T. Fomenko, T. N. Fomenko, G. V. Nosovskiy A foreword to Part 2... 327 From the preface to The New Chronology of Egypt. The Astronomical Datings
Reasons for the seasons - Rebecca Kaplan
Reasons for the seasons - Rebecca Kaplan https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dd_8jm5ptlk https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/sunearth.html https://www.time.gov/ https://www.space.com/33790-harvest-moon-guide.html
Notes on Moon Calendar 1/21/2015
Notes on Moon Calendar 1/21/2015 I used Sun and Moon data from http://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/rs_oneyear.php. I chose "District of Columbia" for location, partly because that's what came up on the screen.
http://e-asia.uoregon.edu U. S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE CHINESE-AMERICAN CALENDAR FOR THE 40TH THROUGH THE 89TH YEAR OF THE CHINESE REPUBLIC FEBRUARY 6, 1951 TO JANUARY
The Ecliptic on the Celestial. Sphere. The Celestial Sphere. Astronomy 210. Section 1 MWF Astronomy Building. celestial equator are not
Astronomy 210 Section 1 MWF 1500-1550 134 Astronomy Building This Class (Lecture 3): Lunar Phases Check Planetarium Schedule Next Class: HW1 Due Friday! Early Cosmology Music: We only Come out at Night
Astronomy 115 Section 4 Week 2. Adam Fries SF State
Astronomy 115 Section 4 Week 2 Adam Fries SF State afries@sfsu.edu Important Notes: Homework #1 is Due at the beginning of class next time. Attendance Sheet is going around one last time! Homework Questions?
A) M D) The Moon s distance from Earth varies in a cyclic manner.
Base your answers to questions 1 and 2 on the diagram below, which shows Earth in orbit around the Sun, and the Moon in orbit around Earth. M 1, M 2, M 3, and M 4 indicate positions of the Moon in its
Astronomical Time Periods 9/18/2009
Astronomical Time Periods 9/18/2009 Opening Discussion http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kmegyngwwyc Have you see anything interesting in the news? What did we talk about last class? Checking grades. Minute
Time, coordinates and how the Sun and Moon move in the sky
Time, coordinates and how the Sun and Moon move in the sky Using the colors and magnitudes of quasars drawn from the SDSS Catalog Archive Server to distinguish quasars from stars using the light they emit
Ancient Astronomy. Lecture 3 February 14, Course website:
Ancient Astronomy Lecture 3 February 14, 2007 Course website: www.scs.fsu.edu/~dduke/lectures Lecture 3 Almagest Books 4 6 the Moon the problem of parallax the length of the various months the first geometric
10-20 billion years old
Universe : 10-20 billion years old Big Bang Theory * the universe started at a single point * that point was extremely dense * it became unstable and expanded outward * The universe is still expanding
12.1 Earth, Moon and Sun Interactions
12.1 Earth, Moon and Sun Interactions Humans have been aware of the relationships between the Earth, Sun and Moon for thousands of years, but only recently have we began to better understand the true nature
Name: Date: 5. The bright stars Vega, Deneb, and Altair form A) the summer triangle. B) the winter triangle. C) the Big Dipper. D) Orion, the Hunter.
Name: Date: 1. If there are about 6000 stars in the entire sky that can be seen by the unaided human eye, about how many stars would be seen at a particular instant on a given dark night from a single
Smalltalk 10/2/15. Dates. Brian Heinold
Smalltalk 10/2/15 Dates Brian Heinold Leap years Leap years are every four years, right? Leap years Leap years are every four years, right? 2016, 2020, 2024, 2028,...,... Leap years Leap years are every
Student Exploration: Seasons: Earth, Moon, and Sun
Name: Date: Student Exploration: Seasons: Earth, Moon, and Sun Vocabulary: altitude, axis, azimuth, equinox, horizon, latitude, revolution, rotation, solstice Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE
Name: Exam 1, 9/30/05
Multiple Choice: Select the choice that best answers each question. Write your choice in the blank next to each number. (2 points each) 1. At the North Pole in mid-november, the sun rises at a. North of
Computer Activity #3 SUNRISE AND SUNSET: THE SEASONS
NAME(S)!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ASTRONOMY 25 Computer Activity #3 SUNRISE AND SUNSET: THE SEASONS SECTION DAY/TIME S. V. LLOYD Overview The seasonal variation in temperature is due to two changes
Astronomical Events 2019 (edited somewhat) from:
Astronomical Events 2019 (edited somewhat) from: http://astropixels.com/ephemeris/astrocal/astrocal2019gmt.html January Note: Time column is UT, subtract 5 hours for local EST, 4 hours for DST Jan 1 to
Motion of the Sun. motion relative to the horizon. rises in the east, sets in the west on a daily basis. Basis for the unit of time, the DAY
Motion of the Sun motion relative to the horizon rises in the east, sets in the west on a daily basis Basis for the unit of time, the DAY noon: highest point of Sun in sky relative to the horizon 1 altitude:
SKYTRACK. Diary of Astronomical Events (All times listed are UT); Singapore Standard (Local) Time = UT + 8 h. January d h.
SKYTRACK Diary of Astronomical Events 2012 (All times listed are UT); Singapore Standard (Local) Time = UT + 8 h January 01 06 FIRST QUARTER 03 03 Jupiter 5ºS of Moon 09 08 FULL MOON 14 07 Mars 9ºN of
EARTH MOON SUN REVIEW
1. A student read in a newspaper that the maximum length of the daylight period for the year in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, had just been reached. What was the date of this newspaper? 4. In the diagram below,
DAILY QUESTIONS 28 TH JUNE 18 REASONING - CALENDAR
DAILY QUESTIONS 28 TH JUNE 18 REASONING - CALENDAR LEAP AND NON-LEAP YEAR *A non-leap year has 365 days whereas a leap year has 366 days. (as February has 29 days). *Every year which is divisible by 4
u.s. Naval Observatory Astronomical Applications Department
Phases ofthe Moon Page 1 of 1 u.s. Naval Observatory Astronomical Applications Department Phases of the Moon 1944 Phases of the Moon Universal Time New Moon First Quarter Full Moon Last Quarter d h m d
One sine wave is 7.64 minutes peak to peak variation. Two sine waves is 9.86
WHY THE SUN IS SOMETIMES FAST AND SOMETIMES SLOW As the earth orbits the sun in an ellipse, it goes faster approaching the sun and slower when receding, just like when you throw a ball up in the air and
Name: (This only happens every four years or does it?)
Name: (This only happens every four years or does it?) Calendars: Then and Now Name: 1. What is a leap year? What do you already know about leap years? 2. List at least three questions about leap years
Daylight Data: Days and Nights Around the World
Days & Nights 1 Name Daylight Data: Days and Nights Around the World Purpose: To investigate the number of hours of daylight received by countries at different latitudes. Materials: Daylight data sheet
Day, Night, Year, and Seasons
Welcome Astronomers to the Sun, Moon, and Earth! The relationship between the Sun, Moon, and Earth is very important to the existence of life on Earth. Our quest is to find out how their relationships
3) During retrograde motion a planet appears to be A) dimmer than usual. B) the same brightness as usual C) brighter than usual.
Descriptive Astronomy (ASTR 108) Exam 1 B February 17, 2010 Name: In each of the following multiple choice questions, select the best possible answer. In the line on the scan sheet corresponding to the
1) Kepler's third law allows us to find the average distance to a planet from observing its period of rotation on its axis.
Descriptive Astronomy (ASTR 108) Exam 1 A February 17, 2010 Name: In each of the following multiple choice questions, select the best possible answer. In the line on the scan sheet corresponding to the
Why is it 20:00:00, Wednesday 2 nd November 2011?
Why is it 20:00:00, Wednesday 2 nd November 2011? David Malone Hamilton Institute, NUI Maynooth. School of Mathematics, TCD. 2011-11-02 20:00:00 GMT 2011: The Year Seasons: Weather
Dr. Tariq Al-Abdullah
1 Chapter 1 Charting the Heavens The Foundations of Astronomy 2 Learning Goals: 1. Our Place in Space 2. The Obvious view 3. Earth s Orbital Motion 4. The Motion of the Moon 5. The Measurement of Distance
James T. Shipman Jerry D. Wilson Charles A. Higgins, Jr. Chapter 15 Place and Time
James T. Shipman Jerry D. Wilson Charles A. Higgins, Jr. Chapter 15 Place and Time Place & Time Read sections 15.5 and 15.6, but ignore the math. Concentrate on those sections that help explain the slides.
As a stargazer, you ll spend a lot of time outside at night.
In This Chapter Chapter 1 The Changing Sky Understanding the changing sky Viewing the phases of the Moon Watching the daily, monthly and yearly changes As a stargazer, you ll spend a lot of time outside
Cartesian Coordinates Need two dimensional system 2 number lines perpendicular to each other X-axis is horizontal Y-axis is vertical Position relative
General Physical Science Chapter 15 Place and Time Space and Time Einstein Space and time related Single entity Time is the 4 th dimension! Cartesian Coordinates Need some system to tell us where something
Celestial Events for 2018 Hōkūlani Imaginarium Windward Community College Joseph Ciotti
Celestial Events for 2018 Hōkūlani Imaginarium Windward Community College Joseph Ciotti all times HST Month Day Time Celestial Event 2018 Jan 1 11:54 am Moon at (closest to earth) 1 4:24 pm Full Moon Super
When is the Holy Day?
When is the Holy Day? According to the Badí Calendar Mark Lutness Who? What? Where? When? Why? This presentation is designed for Bahá ís who are beginning to implement the provisions of the Badí calendar.
Tools of Astronomy Tools of Astronomy
Tools of Astronomy Tools of Astronomy The light that comes to Earth from distant objects is the best tool that astronomers can use to learn about the universe. In most cases, there is no other way to study
Planets in the Sky ASTR 101 2/16/2018
Planets in the Sky ASTR 101 2/16/2018 1 Planets in the Sky 2018 paths of Jupiter among stars (2017/2018) Unlike stars which have fixed positions in the sky (celestial sphere), planets seem to move with
Seasons Page 520. A. What Causes Seasons?
Seasons Page 520 A. What Causes Seasons? 1. Seasons are caused by the tilt of the earth s axis as it moves around the sun. 2. Seasons happen because the Earth is tilted on its axis at a 23.5 angle. 3.
Orbital Mechanics. CTLA Earth & Environmental Science
Orbital Mechanics CTLA Earth & Environmental Science The Earth Spherical body that is flattened near the poles due to centrifugal force (rotation of the Earth) 40,074 KM across at the Equator 40,0007 KM
Yr1 Lesson 1. The Great Circles of Astrology, the Angles, Precession,
Yr1 Lesson 1 The Great Circles of Astrology, the Angles, Precession, Cosmic Intelligence Agency 2015 Astro Lesson 1! Signs, Symbols, Glyphs and Charts! The Celestial Sphere Great Circles of Astrology -
Lecture 2 Motions in the Sky September 10, 2018
1 Lecture 2 Motions in the Sky September 10, 2018 2 What is your year in school? A. New freshman B. Returning freshman C. Sophomore D. Junior E. Senior F. I ve been here, like, forever 3 What is your major?
ASTRONOMY Merit Badge Requirements
ASTRONOMY Merit Badge Requirements 1) Do the following: A) Sketch the face of the moon, indicating on it the locations of at least five seas and five craters. B) Within a single week, sketch the position
5 - Seasons. Figure 1 shows two pictures of the Sun taken six months apart with the same camera, at the same time of the day, from the same location.
ASTR 110L 5 - Seasons Purpose: To plot the distance of the Earth from the Sun over one year and to use the celestial sphere to understand the cause of the seasons. What do you think? Write answers to questions
Lunar Cycle. About This Lesson Phases of the Moon
Lunar Cycle Misconcep on Alert: The Lunar Cycle is o en mistaken with the Luna Month. Here is the difference. The Lunar Cycle includes all 8 phases, including the New Moon phase (invisible at night because
FOR DISCUSSION TODAY: THE ANNUAL MOTION OF THE SUN
ANNOUNCEMENTS Homework #1 due today at end of class. HW #2 due next Thursday. Homework #1 question #1 and Homework #2 meridian slice questions will be discussed in the course of the lecture today. Observing
Astronomy Club of Asheville April 2017 Sky Events
April 2017 Sky Events The Planets this Month page 2 April 6 th - Regulus and the Gibbous Moon page 5 April 10 th -The Full Moon Joins Jupiter and Spica page 6 Planet Highlights page 7 Moon Phases page
A. the spinning of Earth on its axis B. the path of the Sun around Earth
stronomy 1 Packet Write answers on your own paper 1. The Sun appears to move across the sky each day. What causes this?. the spinning of Earth on its axis. the path of the Sun around Earth. the production
6 The Orbit of Mercury
6 The Orbit of Mercury Name: Date: Of the five planets known since ancient times (Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn), Mercury is the most difficult to see. In fact, of the 6 billion people on the
Astrology in the casebooks
Astrology in the casebooks 1 Forman s and Napier s astrology was based on the zodiac the group of constellations through which the sun moves on its apparent course around the earth. That course is a circle
Astronomy 311: Historical Astronomy
Astronomy 311: Historical Astronomy Greek scientific thought started with a school of Philosphers in Ionia in the sixth century BC. The most prominent was Thales. Examples of this early thought was that