Telescopes: Portals of Discovery

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Telescopes: Portals of Discovery"

Transcription

1 Telescopes: Portals of Discovery

2 How do light and matter interact? Emission Absorption Transmission Transparent objects transmit light Opaque objects block (absorb) light Reflection or Scattering

3 Reflection and Scattering Mirror reflects light in a particular direction Movie screen scatters light in all directions

4 Reflection of light with mirrors The flat surface enables an incoming light beam to perfectly bounce Angle of Incidence = Angle of Reflection

5 Reflection and Scattering with Matter Interactions between light and matter determine the appearance of everything around us

6 Thought Question Why is a rose red? a) b) c) d) The rose absorbs red light. The rose transmits red light. The rose emits red light. The rose reflects red light.

7 Thought Question Why is a rose red? a) b) c) d) The rose absorbs red light. The rose transmits red light. The rose emits red light. The rose reflects red light.

8 Refraction (occurs during transmission) The universal speed of light is measured in a vacuum. The speed of light is slower in different substances.

9 Refraction E.g. Light travels slower through glass or water than through air. Refraction is the bending of light when it passes from one substance into another

10 Focusing Light The speed of light through the liquid in your eye is slower than the speed of light in air. Refraction can cause parallel light rays to converge to a focus

11 Image Formation The focal plane is where light from different directions comes into focus The image behind a single (convex) lens is actually upside-down!

12 What have we learned? How do light and matter ineract? 4 forms of interaction, including reflection and transmission Refraction is when light slows and bends when travelling through a substance How does your eye form an image? It uses refraction to bend parallel light rays so that they form an image. Cameras focus light like your eye and record the image with a detector (CCDs in digital cameras).

13 Telescopes: Giant Eyes Our goals for learning What are the two most important properties of a telescope? What are the two basic designs of telescopes? What do astronomers do with telescopes?

14 What are the two most important properties of a telescope? 1. Light-collecting area: Telescopes with a larger collecting area can gather a greater amount of light in a shorter time. 2. Angular resolution: Telescopes that are larger are capable of taking images with greater detail.

15 Light Collecting Area A telescope s diameter tells us its lightcollecting area: Area = π(diameter/2)2 i.e The larger the aperture size, the better the telescope The largest telescopes currently in use have a aperture diameter of about 10 meters

16 Bigger is better

17 Thought Question How does the collecting area of a 10-meter telescope compare with that of a 2-meter telescope? a) It s 5 times greater. b) It s 10 times greater. c) It s 25 times greater.

18 Angular Resolution Distant objects look very close together; i.e. a small 'angular separation' Angular resolution is the minimum gap between objects that the telescope can distinguish. Eventually the car is so far away that you see the headlights as one light. -you have reached the limit of your eye to resolve the angular separation.

19 Angular Resolution Ultimate limit to resolution comes from interference of light waves within a telescope. Larger telescopes are capable of greater resolution because there s less interference for the amount of light

20 What are the basic designs of telescopes? Refracting telescope: Focuses light with lenses Reflecting telescope: Focuses light with mirrors Catadioptric telescope: Focuses light with both lenses and mirrors

21 Refracting Telescope Refracting telescopes need to be very long, with large, heavy lenses

22 Basic Refractor Telescope 1608

23 Galileo s Telescopes 1609

24 Chromatic Aberration Light focuses imperfectly in a lens because the light must transmit though glass All lenses suffer from chromatic aberration (slight blurring caused by the short wavelength light focusing before the long wavelengths)

25 Reflecting Telescope Reflecting telescopes do not suffer chromatic aberration Reflecting telescopes can have much greater diameters. Most modern telescopes are reflectors

26 Mirrors in Reflecting Telescopes The largest mirrors in the world are in the Keck telescope on Hawaii Twin Keck telescopes on Mauna Kea Segmented 10-meter mirror of a Keck telescope

27 Designs for Reflecting Telescopes

28 Newtonian Telescope 1672 One of the most common amateur telescopes for deep sky observing. Early Newtonian used by Herschel Modern version with a Dobsonian mount

29 Cassegrain Reflector Telescope, 1672 More efficient, but requires a more complex secondary mirror. (hyperbolic rather than flat)

30 Some Cassegrain Correctors -Catadioptrics Schmidt-Cassegrain Telescope 1930 One of most common amateur telescopes Maksutov-Cassegrain Telescope 1941

31 Catadioptric Telescopes Corrector lens Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope on an equatorial mount

32 What do astronomers do with telescopes? Imaging: Taking pictures of the sky Spectroscopy: Breaking light into spectra Timing: Measuring how light output varies with time

33 Imaging Early astronomers had no choice, they observed by eye and recorded with descriptions and drawings. Visible light only. Camera - permanent record, non-subjective, reproducible world-wide in publications. Can be built to detect any wavelength.

34 Imaging Astronomical detectors generally record only one color of light at a time Several images must be combined to make full-color pictures

35 Imaging Astronomical detectors can record forms of light our eyes can t see Color is sometimes used to represent different energies of nonvisible light

36 Imaging True color image The colors are the same as if you were viewing with your own eyes False color image The colors have been arbitrarily assigned to assist image interpretation

37 The famous image of the Eagle nebula is false color! (Nebula in true color)

38 Spectroscopy Light from only one star enters A spectrograph separates the different wavelengths of Diffraction light before they grating breaks light into hit the detector spectrum Detector records spectrum

39 Spectroscopy Graphing relative brightness of light at each wavelength shows the details in a spectrum

40 Timing A light curve represents a series of brightness measurements made over a period of time

41 What have we learned? What are the two most important properties of a telescope? Collecting area determines how much light a telescope can gather Angular resolution is the minimum angular separation a telescope can distinguish What are the basic designs of telescopes? Refracting telescopes focus light with lenses Reflecting telescopes focus light with mirrors Catadioptric telescopes focus light with both. The vast majority of professional telescopes are reflectors

42 What have we learned? What do astronomers do with telescopes? Imaging Spectroscopy Timing

Chapter 6 Telescopes: Portals of Discovery. Agenda. How does your eye form an image? Refraction. Example: Refraction at Sunset

Chapter 6 Telescopes: Portals of Discovery. Agenda. How does your eye form an image? Refraction. Example: Refraction at Sunset Chapter 6 Telescopes: Portals of Discovery Agenda Announce: Read S2 for Thursday Ch. 6 Telescopes 6.1 Eyes and Cameras: Everyday Light Sensors How does your eye form an image? Our goals for learning How

More information

Chapter 6 Telescopes: Portals of Discovery

Chapter 6 Telescopes: Portals of Discovery Chapter 6 Telescopes: Portals of Discovery 6.1 Eyes and Cameras: Everyday Light Sensors Our goals for learning: How does your eye form an image? How do we record images? How does your eye form an image?

More information

Refraction is the bending of light when it passes from one substance into another. Your eye uses refraction to focus light.

Refraction is the bending of light when it passes from one substance into another. Your eye uses refraction to focus light. Telescopes Portals of Discovery Chapter 6 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective 6.1 Eyes and Cameras: Everyday Light Sensors How do eyes and cameras work? Seventh Edition Telescopes Portals of Discovery The Eye

More information

Properties of Thermal Radiation

Properties of Thermal Radiation Observing the Universe: Telescopes Astronomy 2020 Lecture 6 Prof. Tom Megeath Today s Lecture: 1. A little more on blackbodies 2. Light, vision, and basic optics 3. Telescopes Properties of Thermal Radiation

More information

Telescopes: Portals of Discovery Pearson Education, Inc.

Telescopes: Portals of Discovery Pearson Education, Inc. Telescopes: Portals of Discovery 6.1 Eyes and Cameras: Everyday Light Sensors Our goals for learning: How do eyes and cameras work? The Eye Refraction Incoming light ray Air Glass Refraction is the bending

More information

Chapter 6 Lecture. The Cosmic Perspective. Telescopes Portals of Discovery Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 6 Lecture. The Cosmic Perspective. Telescopes Portals of Discovery Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 6 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective Telescopes Portals of Discovery 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Telescopes Portals of Discovery CofC Observatory 6.1 Eyes and Cameras: Everyday Light Sensors Our goals

More information

Chapter 6 Lecture. The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition. Telescopes Portals of Discovery Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 6 Lecture. The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition. Telescopes Portals of Discovery Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 6 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Telescopes Portals of Discovery Telescopes Portals of Discovery 6.1 Eyes and Cameras: Everyday Light Sensors Our goals for learning: How do eyes

More information

Phases of ma*er strongly depend on temperature

Phases of ma*er strongly depend on temperature Phases of ma*er strongly depend on temperature Light and Atoms Remember that each electron is only allowed to have certain energies in an atom. Electrons can absorb light and gain energy or emit light

More information

What are the most important properties of a telescope? Chapter 6 Telescopes: Portals of Discovery. What are the two basic designs of telescopes?

What are the most important properties of a telescope? Chapter 6 Telescopes: Portals of Discovery. What are the two basic designs of telescopes? Chapter 6 Telescopes: Portals of Discovery What are the most important properties of a telescope? 1. Light-collecting area: Telescopes with a larger collecting area can gather a greater amount of light

More information

Optics and Telescopes

Optics and Telescopes Optics and Telescopes Guiding Questions 1. Why is it important that telescopes be large? 2. Why do most modern telescopes use a large mirror rather than a large lens? 3. Why are observatories in such remote

More information

How Light Beams Behave. Light and Telescopes Guiding Questions. Telescopes A refracting telescope uses a lens to concentrate incoming light at a focus

How Light Beams Behave. Light and Telescopes Guiding Questions. Telescopes A refracting telescope uses a lens to concentrate incoming light at a focus Light and Telescopes Guiding Questions 1. Why is it important that telescopes be large? 2. Why do most modern telescopes use a large mirror rather than a large lens? 3. Why are observatories in such remote

More information

How does your eye form an Refraction

How does your eye form an Refraction Astronomical Instruments Eyes and Cameras: Everyday Light Sensors How does your eye form an image? How do we record images? How does your eye form an image? Refraction Refraction is the bending of light

More information

Ground- and Space-Based Telescopes. Dr. Vithal Tilvi

Ground- and Space-Based Telescopes. Dr. Vithal Tilvi Ground- and Space-Based Telescopes Dr. Vithal Tilvi Telescopes and Instruments Astronomers use telescopes to gather light from distant objects and instruments to record the data Telescopes gather light

More information

Universe. Chapter 6. Optics and Telescopes 8/12/2015. By reading this chapter, you will learn. Tenth Edition

Universe. Chapter 6. Optics and Telescopes 8/12/2015. By reading this chapter, you will learn. Tenth Edition Roger Freedman Robert Geller William Kaufmann III Universe Tenth Edition Chapter 6 Optics and Telescopes By reading this chapter, you will learn 6 1 How a refracting telescope uses a lens to form an image

More information

Universe. Chapter 6. Optics and Telescopes 11/16/2014. By reading this chapter, you will learn. Tenth Edition

Universe. Chapter 6. Optics and Telescopes 11/16/2014. By reading this chapter, you will learn. Tenth Edition Roger Freedman Robert Geller William Kaufmann III Universe Tenth Edition Chapter 6 Optics and Telescopes By reading this chapter, you will learn 6 1 How a refracting telescope uses a lens to form an image

More information

Optics and Telescope. Chapter Six

Optics and Telescope. Chapter Six Optics and Telescope Chapter Six ASTR 111 003 Fall 2007 Lecture 06 Oct. 09, 2007 Introduction To Modern Astronomy I: Solar System Introducing Astronomy (chap. 1-6) Planets and Moons (chap. 7-15) Chap.

More information

Astronomy. Optics and Telescopes

Astronomy. Optics and Telescopes Astronomy A. Dayle Hancock adhancock@wm.edu Small 239 Office hours: MTWR 10-11am Optics and Telescopes - Refraction, lenses and refracting telescopes - Mirrors and reflecting telescopes - Diffraction limit,

More information

How does your eye form an Refraction

How does your eye form an Refraction Astronomical Instruments and : Everyday Light Sensors How does your eye form an image? How do we record images? How does your eye form an image? Refraction Refraction is the of light Eye uses refraction

More information

Chapter 5 Telescopes

Chapter 5 Telescopes Chapter 5 Telescopes Units of Chapter 5 Telescope Design Images and Detectors The Hubble Space Telescope Telescope Size High-Resolution Astronomy Radio Astronomy Interferometry Space-Based Astronomy Full-Spectrum

More information

Optical/IR Observational Astronomy Telescopes I: Telescope Basics. David Buckley, SAAO

Optical/IR Observational Astronomy Telescopes I: Telescope Basics. David Buckley, SAAO David Buckley, SAAO 27 Feb 2012 1 Some other Telescope Parameters 1. Plate Scale This defines the scale of an image at the telescopes focal surface For a focal plane, with no distortion, this is just related

More information

How do they work? Chapter 5

How do they work? Chapter 5 Telescopes How do they work? Chapter 5 1. History 2. Lenses & Hardware 3. Reflecting Telescopes 4. Refracting Telescopes History Hans Lippershey Middleburg, Holland invented the refractor telescope in

More information

The Treptow Giant Telescope in Berlin is the longest moveable refracting telescope on Earth. Some of its properties are summarised below:

The Treptow Giant Telescope in Berlin is the longest moveable refracting telescope on Earth. Some of its properties are summarised below: Q1.(a) Draw a ray diagram for an astronomical refracting telescope in normal adjustment. Your diagram should show the paths of three non-axial rays passing through both lenses. Label the principal foci

More information

Measuring Light waves

Measuring Light waves Measuring Light waves We normally measure wavelengths (λ) using nanometers (nm) 1 nm = 10-9 m 400-700 nm Increasing wavelengths (λ)! Visible light has wavelengths between 400-700 nm! To detect other types

More information

7. Telescopes: Portals of Discovery Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Addison Wesley

7. Telescopes: Portals of Discovery Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Addison Wesley 7. Telescopes: Portals of Discovery Parts of the Human Eye pupil allows light to enter the eye lens focuses light to create an image retina detects the light and generates signals which are sent to the

More information

Phys 100 Astronomy (Dr. Ilias Fernini) Review Questions for Chapter 5

Phys 100 Astronomy (Dr. Ilias Fernini) Review Questions for Chapter 5 Phys 100 Astronomy (Dr. Ilias Fernini) Review Questions for Chapter 5 MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What is the wavelength of the longest wavelength light visible to the human eye? a. 400 nm b. 4000 nm c. 7000 nm

More information

Final Announcements. Lecture25 Telescopes. The Bending of Light. Parts of the Human Eye. Reading: Chapter 7. Turn in the homework#6 NOW.

Final Announcements. Lecture25 Telescopes. The Bending of Light. Parts of the Human Eye. Reading: Chapter 7. Turn in the homework#6 NOW. Final Announcements Turn in the homework#6 NOW. Homework#5 and Quiz#6 will be returned today. Today is the last lecture. Lecture25 Telescopes Reading: Chapter 7 Final exam on Thursday Be sure to clear

More information

PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com 1

PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com 1 PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com 1 1. The diagram shows the concave mirror of a Cassegrain reflecting telescope, together with the eyepiece lens. Complete the diagram of the telescope and mark on it the focal

More information

AST 101 Intro to Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies

AST 101 Intro to Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies AST 101 Intro to Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies Telescopes Mauna Kea Observatories, Big Island, HI Imaging with our Eyes pupil allows light to enter the eye lens focuses light to create an image retina detects

More information

Telescopes. Optical Telescope Design. Reflecting Telescope

Telescopes. Optical Telescope Design. Reflecting Telescope Telescopes The science of astronomy was revolutionized after the invention of the telescope in the early 17th century Telescopes and detectors have been constantly improved over time in order to look at

More information

Light and motion. = v c

Light and motion. = v c Light and motion This means that if you know what wavelength some radiation was emitted at (as you would for, say, a hydrogen Balmer line), then the observed wavelength tells you the velocity of the object

More information

Summary. Week 7: 10/5 & 10/ Learning from Light. What are the three basic types of spectra? Three Types of Spectra

Summary. Week 7: 10/5 & 10/ Learning from Light. What are the three basic types of spectra? Three Types of Spectra Week 7: 10/5 & 10/7 Capturing that radiation Chapter 6 (Telescopes & Sensors) Optical to Radio Summary What are we sensing? Matter! Matter is made of atoms (nucleus w/ protons, neutrons & cloud of electrons

More information

Optical/IR Observational Astronomy Telescopes I: Telescope Basics. David Buckley, SAAO

Optical/IR Observational Astronomy Telescopes I: Telescope Basics. David Buckley, SAAO David Buckley, SAAO 17 Feb 2010 1 Some other Telescope Parameters 1. Plate Scale This defines the scale of an image at the telescopes focal surface For a focal plane, with no distortion, this is just related

More information

Chapter 5. Telescopes. Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Chapter 5. Telescopes. Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 5 Telescopes Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Tools of the Trade: Telescopes The Powers of a Telescope Collecting Power Bigger telescope,

More information

III. ASTRONOMY TOOLS:

III. ASTRONOMY TOOLS: III. ASTRONOMY TOOLS: A. Since light is so important to astronomers, they want to collect as much of it as possible from a given object, and quantitatively study it in great detail. 1. Astronomers use

More information

Astronomy 1 Fall 2016

Astronomy 1 Fall 2016 Astronomy 1 Fall 2016 One person s perspective: Three great events stand at the threshold of the modern age and determine its character: 1) the discovery of America; 2) the Reformation; 3) the invention

More information

Chapter 5 Light: The Cosmic Messenger. Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 5 Light: The Cosmic Messenger. Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 5 Light: The Cosmic Messenger 5.1 Basic Properties of Light and Matter Our goals for learning: What is light? What is matter? How do light and matter interact? What is light? Light is an electromagnetic

More information

Collecting Light. In a dark-adapted eye, the iris is fully open and the pupil has a diameter of about 7 mm. pupil

Collecting Light. In a dark-adapted eye, the iris is fully open and the pupil has a diameter of about 7 mm. pupil Telescopes Collecting Light The simplest means of observing the Universe is the eye. The human eye is sensitive to light with a wavelength of about 400 and 700 nanometers. In a dark-adapted eye, the iris

More information

Telescopes (Chapter 6)

Telescopes (Chapter 6) Telescopes (Chapter 6) Based on Chapter 6 This material will be useful for understanding Chapters 7 and 10 on Our planetary system and Jovian planet systems Chapter 5 on Light will be useful for understanding

More information

Doppler Shifts. Doppler Shift Lecture-Tutorial: Pgs Temperature or Heat? What can we learn from light? Temp: Peak in Thermal Radiation

Doppler Shifts. Doppler Shift Lecture-Tutorial: Pgs Temperature or Heat? What can we learn from light? Temp: Peak in Thermal Radiation Doppler Shift Lecture-Tutorial: Pgs. 75-80 Work with a partner or two Read directions and answer all questions carefully. Take time to understand it now! Come to a consensus answer you all agree on before

More information

Why Use a Telescope?

Why Use a Telescope? 1 Why Use a Telescope? All astronomical objects are distant so a telescope is needed to Gather light -- telescopes sometimes referred to as light buckets Resolve detail Magnify an image (least important

More information

Telescopes. Astronomy 320 Wednesday, February 14, 2018

Telescopes. Astronomy 320 Wednesday, February 14, 2018 Telescopes Astronomy 320 Wednesday, February 14, 2018 Telescopes gather light and resolve detail A telescope is sometimes called a light bucket. Number of photons collected per second is proportional to

More information

Telescopes. Optical Telescope Design. Reflecting Telescope

Telescopes. Optical Telescope Design. Reflecting Telescope Telescopes The science of astronomy was revolutionized after the invention of the telescope in the early 17th century Telescopes and detectors have been constantly improved over time in order to look at

More information

D = telescope aperture h = wavelength of light being observed D and h must be in the same units.

D = telescope aperture h = wavelength of light being observed D and h must be in the same units. the diameter or aperture. Because stars are extremely far away, they appear as point sources of light even with a telescope. Their brightness in the telescope depends only on the size of the aperture.

More information

Astronomical Tools. Optics Telescope Design Optical Telescopes Radio Telescopes Infrared Telescopes X Ray Telescopes Gamma Ray Telescopes

Astronomical Tools. Optics Telescope Design Optical Telescopes Radio Telescopes Infrared Telescopes X Ray Telescopes Gamma Ray Telescopes Astronomical Tools Optics Telescope Design Optical Telescopes Radio Telescopes Infrared Telescopes X Ray Telescopes Gamma Ray Telescopes Laws of Refraction and Reflection Law of Refraction n 1 sin θ 1

More information

9/19/ Basic Properties of Light and Matter. Chapter 5: Light: The Cosmic Messenger. What is light? Lecture Outline

9/19/ Basic Properties of Light and Matter. Chapter 5: Light: The Cosmic Messenger. What is light? Lecture Outline Lecture Outline 5.1 Basic Properties of Light and Matter Chapter 5: Light: The Cosmic Messenger Our goals for learning: What is light? What is matter? How do light and matter interact? What is light? Light

More information

Chapter 5. Telescopes. Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Chapter 5. Telescopes. Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 5 Telescopes Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Why do we need Telescopes? Large collection area for photons than the eye long integration

More information

Light and Telescopes

Light and Telescopes Light and Telescopes The key thing to note is that light and matter interact. This can happen in four principal ways: 1) emission a hot object such as the filament in a light bulb emits visible light 2)

More information

3/7/2018. Light and Telescope. PHYS 1411 Introduction to Astronomy. Topics for Today s class. What is a Telescopes?

3/7/2018. Light and Telescope. PHYS 1411 Introduction to Astronomy. Topics for Today s class. What is a Telescopes? PHYS 1411 Introduction to Astronomy Light and Telescope Chapter 6 Topics for Today s class Optical Telescopes Big Telescopes Advances in Telescope Designs Telescopes Mountings Problems with Mirrors and

More information

Chapter 6 Light and Telescopes

Chapter 6 Light and Telescopes Chapter 6 Light and Telescopes Guidepost In the early chapters of this book, you looked at the sky the way ancient astronomers did, with the unaided eye. In chapter 4, you got a glimpse through Galileo

More information

ABOUT SPOTTINGSCOPES Background on Telescopes

ABOUT SPOTTINGSCOPES Background on Telescopes 22 November 2010 ABOUT SPOTTINGSCOPES A spotting scope is a compact telescope designed primarily for terrestrial observing and is used in applications which require magnifications beyond the range of a

More information

Optical Telescopes. Telescopes. Refracting/Reflecting Telescopes. Physics 113 Goderya

Optical Telescopes. Telescopes. Refracting/Reflecting Telescopes. Physics 113 Goderya Telescopes Physics 113 Goderya Chapter(s): 6 Learning Outcomes: Optical Telescopes Astronomers use telescopes to gather more light from astronomical objects. The larger the telescope, the more light it

More information

Lecture Outlines. Chapter 5. Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.

Lecture Outlines. Chapter 5. Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture Outlines Chapter 5 Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 5 Telescopes Units of Chapter 5 5.1 Optical Telescopes 5.2 Telescope Size 5.3 Images and Detectors 5.4 High-Resolution Astronomy

More information

Astronomy is remote sensing

Astronomy is remote sensing Astronomy is remote sensing We cannot repeat (or change) the Universe in a controlled environment. We cannot make planets, stars, or galaxies. We cannot make the vacuum of space, nor the shape of spacetime

More information

Astronomy A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO THE UNIVERSE EIGHTH EDITION

Astronomy A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO THE UNIVERSE EIGHTH EDITION Astronomy A BEGINNER S GUIDE TO THE UNIVERSE EIGHTH EDITION CHAPTER 3 Telescopes Lecture Presentation 3.0 Imaging the universe Our original observations of the universe depended on our eyes! What other

More information

Telescopes. Telescopes Key Concepts. glass

Telescopes. Telescopes Key Concepts. glass Telescopes Telescopes Key Concepts 1) A refracting telescope uses a lens to gather light; a reflecting telescope uses a mirror. ) The main purposes of a telescope are to gather light and resolve fine detail.

More information

Observational Astronomy - Lecture 3 Telescopes and the Electromagnetic Spectrum

Observational Astronomy - Lecture 3 Telescopes and the Electromagnetic Spectrum Observational Astronomy - Lecture 3 Telescopes and the Electromagnetic Spectrum Craig Lage New York University - Department of Physics craig.lage@nyu.edu April 1, 2014 1 / 1 The Electromagnetic Spectrum

More information

ASTR-1010: Astronomy I Course Notes Section VI

ASTR-1010: Astronomy I Course Notes Section VI ASTR-1010: Astronomy I Course Notes Section VI Dr. Donald G. Luttermoser Department of Physics and Astronomy East Tennessee State University Edition 2.0 Abstract These class notes are designed for use

More information

Telescopes, Observatories, Data Collection

Telescopes, Observatories, Data Collection Telescopes, Observatories, Data Collection Telescopes 1 Astronomy : observational science only input is the light received different telescopes, different wavelengths of light lab experiments with spectroscopy,

More information

Telescopes. A Warm Up Exercise. A Warm Up Exercise. A Warm Up Exercise. A Warm Up Exercise. Key Ideas:

Telescopes. A Warm Up Exercise. A Warm Up Exercise. A Warm Up Exercise. A Warm Up Exercise. Key Ideas: Telescopes A Warm Up Exercise If we measure the wavelengths of emission lines and absorption lines from the same gas, we find that (ignoring any Doppler shifts) a) Some emission lines shift to the red

More information

Assignments. For Mon. 1 st Midterm is Friday, Oct. 12. Read Ch. 6 Optionally do MT1-sample-problems

Assignments. For Mon. 1 st Midterm is Friday, Oct. 12. Read Ch. 6 Optionally do MT1-sample-problems Assignments For Mon. Read Ch. 6 Optionally do MT1-sample-problems 1 st Midterm is Friday, Oct. 12 Chapter 5 Light: The Cosmic Messenger Thermal Radiation 1. Hotter objects emit photons with a higher average

More information

PHYS 160 Astronomy Test #2 Fall 2017 Version A

PHYS 160 Astronomy Test #2 Fall 2017 Version A PHYS 160 Astronomy Test #2 Fall 2017 Version A I. True/False (1 point each) Circle the T if the statement is true, or F if the statement is false on your answer sheet. 1. A blackbody emits all of its radiation

More information

ASTR 1120 General Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies

ASTR 1120 General Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies ASTR 1120 General Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies!AST CLASS Learning from light: temperature (from continuum spectrum) chemical composition (from spectral lines) velocity (from Doppler shift) "ODA# Detecting

More information

It will cover material up to, but not including, Will consist of a few short-answers, 1-2 short essay, and a few problems + extra credit.

It will cover material up to, but not including, Will consist of a few short-answers, 1-2 short essay, and a few problems + extra credit. Astronomy 210 Section 1 MWF 1500-1550 134 Astronomy Building This Class (Lecture 13): Thermal Radiation Next Class: Exam #1 on Friday! Thursday Review Session Hour Exam #1 Music: The Space Race is Over

More information

Foundations of Astronomy 13e Seeds. Chapter 6. Light and Telescopes

Foundations of Astronomy 13e Seeds. Chapter 6. Light and Telescopes Foundations of Astronomy 13e Seeds Chapter 6 Light and Telescopes Guidepost In this chapter, you will consider the techniques astronomers use to study the Universe What is light? How do telescopes work?

More information

Tools of Astronomy: Telescopes

Tools of Astronomy: Telescopes Tools of Astronomy: Telescopes Lecture 9 1 Refracting Telescopes Large lens to gather and focus light. Incoming Light Objective Lens Focus Eyepiece 2 Problems w/ Refracting Tel s Must make a large piece

More information

More Optical Telescopes

More Optical Telescopes More Optical Telescopes There are some standard reflecting telescope designs used today All have the common feature of light entering a tube and hitting a primary mirror, from which light is reflected

More information

On to Telescopes. Imaging with our Eyes. Telescopes and cameras work much like our eyes. ASTR 1120 General Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies !

On to Telescopes. Imaging with our Eyes. Telescopes and cameras work much like our eyes. ASTR 1120 General Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies ! ASTR 1120 General Astronomy: Stars & Galaxies On to Telescopes!AST CLASS Learning from light: temperature (from continuum spectrum) chemical composition (from spectral lines) velocity (from Doppler shift)

More information

Telescopes come in three basic styles

Telescopes come in three basic styles Telescopes come in three basic styles Refracting telescopes use lenses Refractors are either achromatic (some color distortion) or apochromatic (very little if any color distortion). Apo refractors use

More information

Agenda Announce: Visions of Science Visions of Science Winner

Agenda Announce: Visions of Science  Visions of Science Winner 7. Telescopes: Portals of Discovery All of this has been discovered and observed these last days thanks to the telescope that I have [built], after having been enlightened by divine grace. Galileo Galilei

More information

Chapter 5. Telescopes. Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.

Chapter 5. Telescopes. Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Chapter 5 Telescopes Copyright (c) The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Learning Objectives Upon completing this chapter you should be able to: 1. Classify the

More information

Chapter 3 Telescopes 2/19/2014. Lecture Outline. 3.1 Optical Telescopes. 3.1 Optical Telescopes. Units of Chapter Optical Telescopes

Chapter 3 Telescopes 2/19/2014. Lecture Outline. 3.1 Optical Telescopes. 3.1 Optical Telescopes. Units of Chapter Optical Telescopes Lecture Outline Chapter 3 Telescopes Images can be formed through reflection or refraction. Reflecting mirror Chapter 3 Telescopes Refracting lens Units of Chapter 3 Optical Telescopes Telescope Size High-Resolution

More information

CASSEGRAIN TELESCOPE

CASSEGRAIN TELESCOPE CASSEGRAIN TELESCOPE ------- Interactive Physics Simulation ------- Page 01 How does a telescope collect and magnify light? We describe the shape of a telescope by its f/#, roughly speaking the ratio of

More information

@astro_stephi. Telescopes. CAASTRO in the Classroom: National Science Week Stephanie Bernard, University of Melbourne

@astro_stephi. Telescopes. CAASTRO in the Classroom: National Science Week Stephanie Bernard, University of Melbourne @astro_stephi Telescopes CAASTRO in the Classroom: National Science Week 2017 Stephanie Bernard, University of Melbourne About me NASA, ESA NASA, JPL The first telescopes Invented in 1600s in the Netherlands

More information

The well-composed image was recorded over a period of nearly 2 hours as a series of 30 second long, consecutive exposures on the night of October 5.

The well-composed image was recorded over a period of nearly 2 hours as a series of 30 second long, consecutive exposures on the night of October 5. Happy Thursday! The well-composed image was recorded over a period of nearly 2 hours as a series of 30 second long, consecutive exposures on the night of October 5. The exposures were made with a digital

More information

The Main Point. Familiar Optics. Some Basics. Lecture #8: Astronomical Instruments. Astronomical Instruments:

The Main Point. Familiar Optics. Some Basics. Lecture #8: Astronomical Instruments. Astronomical Instruments: Lecture #8: Astronomical Instruments Astronomical Instruments: Optics: Lenses and Mirrors. Detectors. Ground Based Telescopes: Optical, Infrared, and Radio. Space Based Telescopes. Spacecraft Missions.

More information

Telescopes. Lecture 7 2/7/2018

Telescopes. Lecture 7 2/7/2018 Telescopes Lecture 7 2/7/2018 Tools to measure electromagnetic radiation Three essentials for making a measurement: A device to collect the radiation A method of sorting the radiation A device to detect

More information

Chapter 3 Telescopes The tools of Astronomy

Chapter 3 Telescopes The tools of Astronomy Chapter 3 Telescopes The tools of Astronomy Very Large Array (VLA), National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), Socorro, New Mexico (Radio telescope: 27 antennas, Y configuration, 25 meters diameter each)

More information

TELESCOPES An overview of the main tools used by astronomers to study the universe.

TELESCOPES An overview of the main tools used by astronomers to study the universe. Lesson 203: TELESCOPES An overview of the main tools used by astronomers to study the universe. Fundamental Questions Attempting to give thorough and reasonable answers to the following questions will

More information

Lecture 2: Basic Astronomical Optics. Prisms, Lenses, and Mirrors

Lecture 2: Basic Astronomical Optics. Prisms, Lenses, and Mirrors Lecture 2: Basic Astronomical Optics Prisms, Lenses, and Mirrors Basic Optical Elements Refraction (Lenses) No longer used for large telescopes Widely used for instrument optics Reflection (mirrors) Widely

More information

Optical Instruments. Optical Instruments 1. Physics 123, Fall 2012

Optical Instruments. Optical Instruments 1. Physics 123, Fall 2012 Optical Instruments 1 Physics 123, Fall 2012 Name Optical Instruments I. Magnifier The lens in the human eye adjusts its shape to change the focal length, so that objects at a variety of distances can

More information

Astronomical Instruments

Astronomical Instruments Astronomical Instruments 1 Human Eye iris Until 17 th century all astronomical studies limited to naked eye observations. Equipment used were mainly to measure positions of celestial objects in the sky.

More information

Telescopes... Light Buckets

Telescopes... Light Buckets Telescopes... Light Buckets Now that we have an understanding of what light is and why it s important to astronomy, what tools are required to study light from distant objects? The telescope is the tool

More information

Earth s Atmosphere & Telescopes. Atmospheric Effects

Earth s Atmosphere & Telescopes. Atmospheric Effects Earth s Atmosphere & Telescopes Whether light is absorbed by the atmosphere or not depends greatly on its wavelength. Earth s atmosphere can absorb certain wavelengths of light so much that astronomers

More information

Chapter 3 Telescopes The tools of Astronomy

Chapter 3 Telescopes The tools of Astronomy Chapter 3 Telescopes The tools of Astronomy Very Large Array (VLA), National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), Socorro, New Mexico (Radio telescope: 27 antennas, Y configuration, 25 meters diameter each)

More information

Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos Pearson Education, Inc.

Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos Pearson Education, Inc. Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos Light and Color Light is a form of energy (think of the warmth of sunlight or a lightbulb) White light is actually made up of many different colors. How

More information

Astronomy 114. Lecture 26: Telescopes. Martin D. Weinberg. UMass/Astronomy Department

Astronomy 114. Lecture 26: Telescopes. Martin D. Weinberg. UMass/Astronomy Department Astronomy 114 Lecture 26: Telescopes Martin D. Weinberg weinberg@astro.umass.edu UMass/Astronomy Department A114: Lecture 26 17 Apr 2007 Read: Ch. 6,26 Astronomy 114 1/17 Announcements Quiz #2: we re aiming

More information

Concave mirrors. Which of the following ray tracings is correct? A: only 1 B: only 2 C: only 3 D: all E: 2& 3

Concave mirrors. Which of the following ray tracings is correct? A: only 1 B: only 2 C: only 3 D: all E: 2& 3 Concave mirrors Which of the following ray tracings is correct? A: only 1 B: only 2 C: only 3 D: all E: 2& 3 1 2 3 c F Point C: geometrical center of the mirror, F: focal point 2 Concave mirrors Which

More information

AS 101: Day Lab #2 Summer Spectroscopy

AS 101: Day Lab #2 Summer Spectroscopy Spectroscopy Goals To see light dispersed into its constituent colors To study how temperature, light intensity, and light color are related To see spectral lines from different elements in emission and

More information

CHAPTER IV INSTRUMENTATION: OPTICAL TELESCOPE

CHAPTER IV INSTRUMENTATION: OPTICAL TELESCOPE CHAPTER IV INSTRUMENTATION: OPTICAL TELESCOPE Outline: Main Function of Telescope Types of Telescope and Optical Design Optical Parameters of Telescope Light gathering power Magnification Resolving power

More information

Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic Waves 4/15/12 Chapter 26: Properties of Light Field Induction Ok, so a changing magnetic field causes a current (Faraday s law) Why do we have currents in the first place? electric fields of the charges Changing

More information

A Question. Simple Magnifier. Magnification by a Lens 11/29/2011. The last lecture

A Question. Simple Magnifier. Magnification by a Lens 11/29/2011. The last lecture The last lecture Exam: Final: Consult the website, especially room assignments. Makeup: Register with me today. Tea and Cookies: Tuesdays 5PM, NPB 2175 A Question Unpolarized light of intensity I goes

More information

Lecture Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 1

Lecture Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 1 Lecture 13+14 Fall, 2005 Astronomy 110 1 Important Concepts for Understanding Spectra Electromagnetic Spectrum Continuous Spectrum Absorption Spectrum Emission Spectrum Emission line Wavelength, Frequency

More information

The Nature of Light Student Question Sheet (Advanced)

The Nature of Light Student Question Sheet (Advanced) The Nature of Light Student Question Sheet (Advanced) Author: Sarah Roberts - Faulkes Telescope Project Introduction This worksheet contains questions and activities which will test your knowledge and

More information

Topics for Today. Clicker Q: Radio Waves. Radios. Discussion of how do ROTATING STARS yield Doppler-broadened spectral emission lines

Topics for Today. Clicker Q: Radio Waves. Radios. Discussion of how do ROTATING STARS yield Doppler-broadened spectral emission lines ASTR 1040 Accel Astro: Stars & Galaxies Topics for Today Basic principles of eyes, camera, telescopes Twinkle and absorption by our atmosphere What light gets through, what does not Next lecture: Telescopes

More information

Coursework Booklet 2

Coursework Booklet 2 Level 3 Applied Science UNIT 16: Astronomy and Space Science PHYSICS SECTION Coursework Booklet 2 1 P a g e Astronomy and space science Learning aim B Undertake measurement and observation of astronomical

More information

Chapter 5. Telescopes. Dr. Tariq Al-Abdullah

Chapter 5. Telescopes. Dr. Tariq Al-Abdullah Chapter 5 Telescopes The Tools of Astronomy Dr. Tariq Al-Abdullah Learning Goals: 5.1 Optical Telescopes (The Hubble Space Telescope) 5.2 Telescope Size 5.3 Images and Detectors 5.4 High-Resolution Astronomy

More information

ASTR 2310: Chapter 6

ASTR 2310: Chapter 6 ASTR 231: Chapter 6 Astronomical Detection of Light The Telescope as a Camera Refraction and Reflection Telescopes Quality of Images Astronomical Instruments and Detectors Observations and Photon Counting

More information

Buy-back points tallied and added: 750 points bought-back. Last Withdrawal date: this friday, Oct 31st.

Buy-back points tallied and added: 750 points bought-back. Last Withdrawal date: this friday, Oct 31st. Announcements HW #3: Available online now. Due in 1 week, Nov 3rd, 11pm. Buy-back points tallied and added: 750 points bought-back. Last Withdrawal date: this friday, Oct 31st. Evening Observing: next

More information

Optical Instruments. Chapter 25. Simple Magnifier. Clicker 1. The Size of a Magnified Image. Angular Magnification 4/12/2011

Optical Instruments. Chapter 25. Simple Magnifier. Clicker 1. The Size of a Magnified Image. Angular Magnification 4/12/2011 Optical Instruments Chapter 25 Optical Instruments Analysis generally involves the laws of reflection and refraction Analysis uses the procedures of geometric optics To explain certain phenomena, the wave

More information

4. Our eyes can only see a small band of the entire spectrum of light. A) True B) False

4. Our eyes can only see a small band of the entire spectrum of light. A) True B) False 1. Galileo was able to determine a precise value of the speed of light by using a technique that involved shuttered lanterns and his assistant on a different hill of known distance. 2. According to Einstein's

More information