THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

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1 THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

2 REVOLUTION: a sudden, extreme, or complete change in the way people live, work, etc. (Merriam-Webster)

3 THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION Time of advancements in math and science during 17 th century in Europe

4 ARISTOTELIAN SYSTEM Prior to the Renaissance, the Aristotelian System had been accepted Based off theories of Aristotle, a Greek Philosopher & Scientist, who studied under Plato

5 ARISTOTELIAN SYSTEM -Accepted truths about biology, physics, and astronomy -Maintained and modified by the Church

6 ARISTOTELIAN SYSTEM Many of these truths were proven WRONG during the Scientific Revolution

7 THE RENAISSANCE Led to a rebirth in thoughts and education Result: scientific advancements

8 KEY FIGURES OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION Nicolaus Copernicus Galileo Galilei Francis Bacon Johannes Kepler Isaac Newton

9 NICOLAUS COPERNICUS -Astronomer, physician, scholar, economist, translator, mathematician, artist, diplomat -Born in Prussia (Part of the Kingdom of Poland) in Died 1543

10 NICOLAUS COPERNICUS -Changed how we view the positioning of the Sun, Earth, and other celestial objects in space -Prior to Copernicus, the earlier GEOCENTRIC THEORY (earth at the center) was created by Ptolemy and used for centuries

not earth- HELIOCENTRIC THEORY Many believed his

11 NICOLAUS COPERNICUS Went against the accepted belief and said the Sun was at the middle of the Universe, not earth- HELIOCENTRIC THEORY Many believed his theory, sparking modern astronomy and the Scientific Revolution

12 NICOLAUS COPERNICUS Published On the Revolutions of Celestial Spheres shortly before he died in 1543

13 NICOLAUS COPERNICUS The chemical element, Copernicium, is named Symbol: Cn after him Atomic Number: 112

GALILEO GALILEI 1564-1642 -Italian Scientist -Enrolled at the University of

14 GALILEO GALILEI Italian Scientist -Enrolled at the University of Pisa to study medicine, but never finished -Chose to study mathematics instead

15 GALILEO GALILEI -Built on the work of others to create a telescope that magnified about 3X -Improved it later to magnify about 30X -Able to observe the skies in new ways

16 GALILEO GALILEI Discovered four of Jupiter s moons using his advanced telescope

17 GALILEO GALILEI Invented versions of the compass and thermometer

18 GALILEO GALILEI Findings were controversial at the time of his life; spent his last years under house arrest because the Catholic Church did not like his theories

19 FRANCIS BACON -Born: 1561, England -Spent most of his childhood in home school -Went to college at 12 -Wrote several works on law, religion, politics, and science

20 FRANCIS BACON -Advocate of natural philosophy and the scientific method -Often called the Father of Modern Science

21 FRANCIS BACON -Became Lord Chancellor in 1618, but was accused of bribery and forced to resign -Retired and continued to study -Died of pneumonia in London in 1626 at age 65

22 JOHANNES KEPLER -Born in 1571 in Germany -Interested in astronomy as a young child -Increased when he saw a comet in 1577 and a lunar eclipse in 1580

23 JOHANNES KEPLER -Studied philosophy, mathematics, and astronomy at the University of Tubingen -Wrote horoscopes for his classmates

24 JOHANNES KEPLER -Did a lot of his work about the same time as the famous astronomer, Galileo Galilei -Often differed in their opinions, but their work propelled physics, philosophy, and astronomy to a new level

25 JOHANNES KEPLER -Had many accomplishments, but is well known for his three laws of planetary motion -These laws helped Isaac Newton create his theory of Universal Gravitation

26 JOHANNES KEPLER -Wrote many books -NASA named a telescope after him in Died in 1630

ISAAC NEWTON -Born in 1643 in England, died 1727 -Devised many theories in

27 ISAAC NEWTON -Born in 1643 in England, died Devised many theories in several fields including physics, mathematics, and philosophy -Created Calculus

important books in science ever written -Describes

28 ISAAC NEWTON -Most famous book is Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica -One of the most important books in science ever written -Describes universal gravitation and the 3 laws of motion (VERY important in science!)

29 ISAAC NEWTON -Moved to London; became the Warden of the Royal Mint -Oversaw the production of the Pound Sterling, England s Currency -Died in 1727

30 IMPACT OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION -The ENLIGHTENMENT was born out of the Scientific Revolution -It applied the Scientific method to human behavior and society during the 18 th century

Revolution and Enlightenment. The scientific revolution

Revolution and Enlightenment. The scientific revolution Revolution and Enlightenment The scientific revolution Background in Revolution In the middle ages, educated europeans relied on ancient authorities like Aristotle for scientific knowledge. By the 15th