Mars: The Red Planet. Roman God of war Blood Reflects 30% of its incident sunlight 2 small moons : Phobos and Deimos

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Mars: The Red Planet. Roman God of war Blood Reflects 30% of its incident sunlight 2 small moons : Phobos and Deimos"

Transcription

1 Mars: The Red Planet Roman God of war Blood Reflects 30% of its incident sunlight 2 small moons : Phobos and Deimos

2 Property Earth Mars Radius 6378km 3394km ~ 0.51R E Mass 5.97x10 24 kg 6.42x10 23 kg = 0.11 M E Average Density 5520kg/m kg/m 3 Gravity Earth s Escape Speed 11.2km/s 5.0km/s Average Temperature = 1 M E 290K / 17C 210K / -63C (~ K) Eccentricity

3 Other Physical Properties Sidereal Rotation speed: 24hrs 37mins Sidereal orbital period: solar day (or tropical years) Perihelion 1.38AU, Aphelion 1.67AU Axis tilt: 24 Orbital inclination to ecliptic 1.85 Magnetic Field: 1/800 of Earth s Seasons - like Earth but complicated due to orbital eccentricity.

4 Views of Mars Left: Hubble 1997 Right: Viking 1976

5 Martian Surface Huge Volcanoes Deep canyons Vast Dune Fields

6 Mars Global Surveyor

7 Contrasting Hemispheres Northern Hemisphere: Volcanic planes (like lunar maria) Enormous lava flow in its history. Less Cratered: Younger? 3 Billion Yrs Southern Hemisphere: heavily cratered highlands. Older? 4 Billion yrs

8 Tharsis: the Martian Continent. Lies on the equator ~ size of North America. Rises ~10km above surface To its East: Chryse Planitia Plains of Gold To its West: Isidis Planitia Plains of Isis Both wide depressions ~3km deep oceans NO sign of Plate tectonics: Geologically Dead Few craters on Tharsis: 2 3 Billion yrs old?

9 Hellas Planitia Lowest point on Mars ~3000km across Basin is ~9km below rim > 6km below average level of Mars Huge Impact feature in early history! Maybe ~4 Billion yrs old.

10 Volcanism: Olympus Mons Largest volcano in the solar system. ~25km high 3x taller than Mt Everest 700km across at base. ~Texas Extinct. At least for ~100 Million years!

11 Ancient Flows from Olympus Mons

12 Volcanoes on Mars All are shield volcanoes -Venus Many 100 s of smaller volcanoes Tall due to small surface gravity. 2.5x that of Earth No signs of activity.

13 Craters on Mars and the Moon Lunar crater Copernicus: ejecta blanket dry powdery material. Mar s Crater Yuty. ~18km diameter Ejecta was liquid in nature splash crater Permafrost of water ice just below surface liquefied in impact explosion

14 A Mars Rover begin to explore Victoria Crater

15 Sand Dunes on Mars

16 Martian Grand Canyon Formed over 2 billion yrs ago. 4000km long, ~120km wide, ~7km deep (Grand Canyon ~20km wide, ~2km deep) Tectonic Fracture not water channel!

17 Odyssey s View of Valles Marineris On Earth, it would stretch right across Canada!

18 Valles Marineris

19 The floor of Ius Chasma's southern trench, located in the western region of Valles Marineris

20 Water on Mars? Photographic evidence that liquid water once existed in great quantities on surface. Runoff Channels : Dried up Rivers Water now locked in sub-surface permafrost From ~ 4 billion yrs ago ~400 km long up to 5 km wide

21 Outflow Channels Remnants of catastrophic flooding with >100x flow rate of the Amazon ~3 billion years ago.

22 Frozen Lake in Martian Crater

23 Polar Caps Mainly frozen CO 2 ( dry ice ) < 120C 150K Seasonal cap shrinks and grows each year. South ~4000km, North ~3000km diameter. 1m thick. Residual cap permanently frozen. South ~350km, North ~ 1000km across. North cap warmer ~-75C and mainly water Seasonal freezing reduces atmospheric pressure by up to 30%!

24 North Polar Cap on Mars Frozen Water and CO 2

25 Martian South Pole Melting ices in summer

26 Atmosphere on Mars Thin: ~1/150 pressure of Earth % CO 2 2.7% N 2 1.6% Argon 0.13% O % CO 0.03% H 2 O (changes)

27 Martian Weather Noon in summer surface temperature can reach 300K / +27C. At night temperature drops by 100C! Fog in early morning Large violent Dust storms in season No rain or snow

28 Sand Storms on Mars and Earth

29 Martian Evolution Why is Mars the way it is? Reverse Runaway Greenhouse Effect. In the past, a stable temperature of ~0C, dense atmosphere, heavy rain all possible Liquid water dissolved CO 2 and formed carbonates in rocks hence cooling planet. Eventually water freezes out of atmosphere Due to lack of greenhouse gases, tectonic motion and few volcanoes: CO 2 is not replenished.

30 View from Viking Lander 1 Large Rock ~2m big covered with fine grain debris. Dunes formed by sand storms.

31 Views from Viking Landers 1 & 2 Red Rocky Desert : High iron content (iron oxide)

32 Views from Martian Rovers Columbia Hills (Above), Endurance Crater (Below).

33 Unusual Rock Formation on the lower slopes of Endurance Crater. Cracking and alteration processes -. caused by H 2 0? Rover Opportunity plans a closer look! October 4, 2004

34 Panoramic Views from Spirit and Opportunity (2005)

35 Life on Mars? No signs of bacterial activity in rock samples though interesting inorganic chemistry Is there life from meteoritic rocks from Mars? Inclusive!

36 Two Martian Moons Discovered in 1877 by Asaph Hall Phobos fear, Deimos panic : Mythical horses that drew the chariot of the Greek God of war.

37 Phobos ~28km x 20km with huge 10km wide crater. Circular, equatorial orbit of 9378 km (Just 3 Mars radii) Sidereal Period 7hrs 39mins much faster than Martian day races across the sky every 5.5 hrs. Rotates synchronously. Both moons reflect ~6% of sunlight: Hard to see

38 Phobos from Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer

39 Phobos

40 Phobos....up close White-ish whispy streaks could be younger material.

41 Solar Eclipse of Phobos from seen from the surface of Mars!

42 Deimos ~16km x 10km with large 2.3km wide crater. Circular, equatorial orbit of 23,457 km (~7 Mars radii) Sidereal Period 30hrs 18mins. Moves across the Martian sky every ~3 days. Also Rotates synchronously. Both moons have average densities of ~2000kg/m 3 Unlike mars hence captured Asteroids

Lecture Outlines. Chapter 10. Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.

Lecture Outlines. Chapter 10. Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture Outlines Chapter 10 Astronomy Today 8th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 10 Mars Units of Chapter 10 10.1 Orbital Properties 10.2 Physical Properties 10.3 Long-Distance Observations of Mars 10.4

More information

Mars. Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the outermost of the four terrestrial worlds in the Solar System. It lies outside Earth s orbit.

Mars. Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the outermost of the four terrestrial worlds in the Solar System. It lies outside Earth s orbit. Mars Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the outermost of the four terrestrial worlds in the Solar System. It lies outside Earth s orbit. Mars s orbital eccentricity is 0.093, much larger than that

More information

Mars ( ) The Sun and Planets Lecture Notes 6. Spring Semester 2018 Prof Dr Ravit Helled

Mars ( ) The Sun and Planets Lecture Notes 6. Spring Semester 2018 Prof Dr Ravit Helled The Sun and Planets Lecture Notes 6. Spring Semester 2018 Prof Dr Ravit Helled Mars ( ) Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the outermost terrestrial planet. It has a density of 3.93 g/cm3, which

More information

The Main Points. The View from the Surface. Geology of Mars. Lecture #20: Reading:

The Main Points. The View from the Surface. Geology of Mars. Lecture #20: Reading: Surface of Mars Lecture #20: Geology and Geologic Processes View from the Surface History/Evolution of the surface Reading: Chapter 9.4 The Main Points Mars has had a geologically active past that has

More information

Geologic Features of Mars

Geologic Features of Mars Name Purpose Geologic Features of Mars To learn to identify landforms on the surface of Mars and the geological processes that produced them. Introduction In many ways, Mars is similar to Earth. The same

More information

Chapter 17: Mercury, Venus and Mars

Chapter 17: Mercury, Venus and Mars Chapter 17: Mercury, Venus and Mars Mercury Very similar to Earth s moon in several ways: Small; no atmosphere lowlands flooded by ancient lava flows heavily cratered surfaces Most of our knowledge based

More information

The Planets. The Terrestrial Planets. Admin. 9/19/17. Key Concepts: Lecture 13. Formulae (will be displayed for you in Midterm 1):

The Planets. The Terrestrial Planets. Admin. 9/19/17. Key Concepts: Lecture 13. Formulae (will be displayed for you in Midterm 1): Admin. 9/19/17 1. Class website http://www.astro.ufl.edu/~jt/teaching/ast1002/ 2. Optional Discussion sections: Tue. ~11.30am (period 5), Bryant 3; Thur. ~12.35pm (end of period 5 and period 6), start

More information

Physics Homework Set 3 Fall 2015

Physics Homework Set 3 Fall 2015 1) Mercury presents the same side to the Sun 1) A) every third orbit. B) every 12 hours. C) all the time, just like our Moon. D) every other orbit. E) Twice every orbit. 2) Both the Moon and Mercury are

More information

Red Planet Mars. Chapter Thirteen

Red Planet Mars. Chapter Thirteen Red Planet Mars Chapter Thirteen ASTR 111 003 Fall 2006 Lecture 11 Nov. 13, 2006 Introduction To Modern Astronomy I Introducing Astronomy (chap. 1-6) Planets and Moons (chap. 7-17) Ch7: Comparative Planetology

More information

Lecture #11: Plan. Terrestrial Planets (cont d) Jovian Planets

Lecture #11: Plan. Terrestrial Planets (cont d) Jovian Planets Lecture #11: Plan Terrestrial Planets (cont d) Jovian Planets Mercury (review) Density = 5.4 kg / liter.. ~ Earth s Rocky mantle + iron/nickel core Slow spin: 59 days (orbital period = 88 days) No satellites

More information

Opposition and Conjunction

Opposition and Conjunction Opposition and Conjunction Summary 1. Mars is 52% further the Sun having an orbital period of nearly 2 Earth years 2. Mars is much smaller than the Earth being roughly 53% the size, 11% the mass of the

More information

Orbit of Mars. Exploration of Mars

Orbit of Mars. Exploration of Mars Mars 1 Orbit of Mars Exploration of Mars First visits were by Mariners 4, 6, and 7. A major step forward was achieved in 1971, when Mariner 9 became the first spacecraft to orbit another planet. The Mariner

More information

Learning Objectives. they differ in density, composition, atmosphere, surface age, size, geological activity, magnetic field?

Learning Objectives. they differ in density, composition, atmosphere, surface age, size, geological activity, magnetic field? The Red Planet Learning Objectives! Contrast the Terrestrial Planets and the Moon. Do they differ in density, composition, atmosphere, surface age, size, geological activity, magnetic field?! Why is Mars

More information

What You Already Know

What You Already Know Mars: The Red Planet What You Already Know The Sun is a star, a huge ball of very hot gas that gives off energy. Our Sun is an average star. It is located at the center of the solar system, which consists

More information

What are terrestrial planets like on the inside? Chapter 9 Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds. Seismic Waves.

What are terrestrial planets like on the inside? Chapter 9 Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds. Seismic Waves. Chapter 9 Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds What are terrestrial planets like on the inside? Seismic Waves Vibrations that travel through Earth s interior tell us what Earth is

More information

Solar System revised.notebook October 12, 2016 Solar Nebula Theory

Solar System revised.notebook October 12, 2016 Solar Nebula Theory Solar System revised.notebook The Solar System Solar Nebula Theory Solar Nebula was a rotating disk of dust and gas w/ a dense center dense center eventually becomes the sun start to condense b/c of gravity

More information

The Main Point. Basic Properties of Mars. Observations. Lecture #19: Mars

The Main Point. Basic Properties of Mars. Observations. Lecture #19: Mars Mars: Overview General properties Telescopic observations Space missions Atmospheric Characteristics Reading: Chapters 7.1 (Mars), 9.4, 10.4 Lecture #19: Mars The Main Point Changes in the Martian surface

More information

Unit 3 Lesson 4 The Terrestrial Planets. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 3 Lesson 4 The Terrestrial Planets. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Florida Benchmarks SC.8.N.1.5 Analyze the methods used to develop a scientific explanation as seen in different fields of science. SC.8.E.5.3 Distinguish the hierarchical relationships between planets

More information

Welcome to Class 12: Mars Geology & History. Remember: sit only in the first 10 rows of the room

Welcome to Class 12: Mars Geology & History. Remember: sit only in the first 10 rows of the room Welcome to Class 12: Mars Geology & History Remember: sit only in the first 10 rows of the room What are we going to discuss today? How easily could humans live on Mars? Is there water on Mars? PRS: If

More information

Mars. Asha Hunt Jayden Torrey Manzer

Mars. Asha Hunt Jayden Torrey Manzer Mars Asha Hunt Jayden Torrey Manzer Position from the sun, distance from the sun in km, size(diameter) as compared to earth, 2 or more pictures. At its farthest distance (aphelion), mars is 154 million

More information

Astronomy Ch. 10 Mars Review. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Astronomy Ch. 10 Mars Review. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Name: Period: Date: Astronomy Ch. 10 Mars Review MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Why was the summer of 2003 a fine time for Mars

More information

Examining the Terrestrial Planets (Chapter 20)

Examining the Terrestrial Planets (Chapter 20) GEOLOGY 306 Laboratory Instructor: TERRY J. BOROUGHS NAME: Examining the Terrestrial Planets (Chapter 20) For this assignment you will require: a calculator, colored pencils, a metric ruler, and your geology

More information

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. ASTRO 102/104 Prelim 2 Name Section MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) This is version E of the exam. Please fill in (E). A) This

More information

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. ASTRO 102/104 Prelim 2 Name Section MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) This is version B of the exam. Please fill in (B). A) This

More information

Chapter 9 Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds

Chapter 9 Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds Chapter 9 Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds 9.1 Connecting Planetary Interiors and Surfaces Our goals for learning What are terrestrial planets like on the inside? What causes geological

More information

Jovian Planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune

Jovian Planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune The Inner Planets The Inner Planets Terrestrial Planets Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars Rocky Surfaces No rings No or Few Moons Jovian Planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune Gas Surfaces rings Many

More information

Overview of Solar System

Overview of Solar System Overview of Solar System The solar system is a disk Rotation of sun, orbits of planets all in same direction. Most planets rotate in this same sense. (Venus, Uranus, Pluto are exceptions). Angular momentum

More information

11/4/2015. Venus and Mars. Chapter 13. Venus and Mars. The Rotation of Venus. The Atmosphere of Venus. The Surface of Venus

11/4/2015. Venus and Mars. Chapter 13. Venus and Mars. The Rotation of Venus. The Atmosphere of Venus. The Surface of Venus Venus and Mars Two most similar planets to Earth: Chapter 13 Venus and Mars Similar in size and mass Same part of the solar system Atmosphere Similar interior structure The Rotation of Venus Almost all

More information

The Outermost Planets. The 7 Wanderers known since Antiquity. Uranus and Neptune distinctly Blue-ish!

The Outermost Planets. The 7 Wanderers known since Antiquity. Uranus and Neptune distinctly Blue-ish! The Outermost Planets The 7 Wanderers known since Antiquity. Uranus and Neptune distinctly Blue-ish! Uranus Uranus and 3 of its moons, barely visible from Earth. Discovered by William Herschel 1781. (Accidentally!)

More information

Image of the Moon from the Galileo Space Craft

Image of the Moon from the Galileo Space Craft Image of the Moon from the Galileo Space Craft Moon: Overview Due to its size (diameter 3476 km, Mercury s diameter is 4880 km) and composition, the moon is sometimes considered as a terrestrial planet

More information

Jupiter. Jupiter is the third-brightest object in the night sky (after the Moon and Venus). Exploration by Spacecrafts

Jupiter. Jupiter is the third-brightest object in the night sky (after the Moon and Venus). Exploration by Spacecrafts Jupiter Orbit, Rotation Physical Properties Atmosphere, surface Interior Magnetosphere Moons (Voyager 1) Jupiter is the third-brightest object in the night sky (after the Moon and Venus). Exploration by

More information

Lecture 10: Terrestrial planets. Astronomy 111 Monday October 2, 2017

Lecture 10: Terrestrial planets. Astronomy 111 Monday October 2, 2017 Lecture 10: Terrestrial planets Astronomy 111 Monday October 2, 2017 Reminders Online homework #5 due Monday at 3pm Terrestrial Planets ASTR111 Lecture 10 Terrestrial planets Mercury Venus Earth Mars The

More information

Hubble Telescope Picture of Mars

Hubble Telescope Picture of Mars Information of Mars Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and is commonly referred to as the Red Planet. The rocks and soil have a red or pink hue due to the iron oxiode (rust) they contain. Hubble Telescope

More information

Chapter 9 Lecture. The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition. Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 9 Lecture. The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition. Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 9 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds 9.1 Connecting Planetary Interiors

More information

Outline 9: Origin of the Earth: solids, liquids, and gases. The Early Archean Earth

Outline 9: Origin of the Earth: solids, liquids, and gases. The Early Archean Earth Outline 9: Origin of the Earth: solids, liquids, and gases The Early Archean Earth Origin of Earth s Matter The earth is made of recycled elements formed in stars that existed prior to our Sun. Supernova

More information

Outline 9: Origin of the Earth: solids, liquids, and gases

Outline 9: Origin of the Earth: solids, liquids, and gases Outline 9: Origin of the Earth: solids, liquids, and gases The Early Archean Earth Origin of Earth s Matter The earth is made of recycled elements formed in stars that existed prior to our Sun. Supernova

More information

Astronomy 1140 Quiz 3 Review

Astronomy 1140 Quiz 3 Review Astronomy 1140 Quiz 3 Review Anil Pradhan October 27, 2017 I The Inner Planets 1. What are the terrestrial planets? What do they have in common? Terrestrial planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars. Theses

More information

Earth, the Lively* Planet. * not counting the life on the planet!

Earth, the Lively* Planet. * not counting the life on the planet! Earth, the Lively* Planet * not counting the life on the planet! What We Will Learn Today What are planet Earth s features? What processes shape planetary surfaces? How does Earth s surface move? How did

More information

Astronomy 1140 Quiz 3 Review

Astronomy 1140 Quiz 3 Review Astronomy 1140 Quiz 3 Review Anil Pradhan October 26, 2016 I The Inner Planets 1. What are the terrestrial planets? What do they have in common? Terrestrial planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars. Theses

More information

The Solar System 6/23

The Solar System 6/23 6/23 The Solar System I. Earth A. Earth is the prototype terrestrial planet 1. Only planet in the solar system (we know of so far) with life 2. Temperature 290 K B. Physical Characteristics 1. Mass: 6

More information

Mars Opposition Friday 27 th July 2018

Mars Opposition Friday 27 th July 2018 Mars Opposition Friday 27 th July 2018 Mars is about 6,780 kilometres in diameter or roughly half the size of the Earth whose diameter is 12,742km. As they orbit the Sun, the minimum distance between the

More information

October 30, Chapter 8. Terrestrial Planet Overview. The Terrestrial Planets. Terrestrial Planet Overview. Terrestrial Planet Overview 10/29/2008

October 30, Chapter 8. Terrestrial Planet Overview. The Terrestrial Planets. Terrestrial Planet Overview. Terrestrial Planet Overview 10/29/2008 October 30, 2008 Reminder: Online quizzes due by test date Observation tonight, weather permitting, dress warmly! Chapter 8 Planetary distances Exercise Chapter 8 The Terrestrial Planets Copyright (c)

More information

This evening s announcements

This evening s announcements This evening s announcements Homework 3 is graded and available for pickup at entry Quiz 4 will be held this Wednesday, March 12. Coverage: Feb. 25: origin of the solar system (chapter 6) Feb. 27: Earth,

More information

10/31/2010. Opposition and Conjunction. Opposition occurs every 2 years. Best opposition at perihelion. Percival Lowell

10/31/2010. Opposition and Conjunction. Opposition occurs every 2 years. Best opposition at perihelion. Percival Lowell Opposition and Conjunction Opposition occurs every 2 years Best opposition at perihelion Percival Lowell 1 Canals on Mars? Martians? Orson Welle s Broadcast (1938) The War of the Worlds H G Wells (1898)

More information

Geology of the terrestrial planets Pearson Education, Inc.

Geology of the terrestrial planets Pearson Education, Inc. Geology of the terrestrial planets 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Earth s Bulk Properties Earth s Bulk Properties albedo - A = 0.39 A = 0 planet absorbs all sunlight that hits it A =1 planet reflects all

More information

The Solar System. Tour of the Solar System

The Solar System. Tour of the Solar System The Solar System Tour of the Solar System The Sun more later 8 planets Mercury Venus Earth more later Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Various other objects Asteroids Comets Pluto The Terrestrial Planets

More information

Introduction to Mars PTYS/ASTR 206 3/22/07

Introduction to Mars PTYS/ASTR 206 3/22/07 Introduction to Reading Assignment Finish Chapter 13 Announcements Quiz today Will cover all material since the last exam. This is Chapters 9-12 and the part of 13 covered today. Exam #2 next Thursday

More information

9. Moon, Mercury, Venus

9. Moon, Mercury, Venus 9. Moon, Mercury, Venus All the heavier elements were manufactured by stars later, either by thermonuclear fusion reactions deep in their interiors or by the violent explosions that mark the end of massive

More information

Quiz 3 is available for pickup in front

Quiz 3 is available for pickup in front Quiz 3 is available for pickup in front Extra credit corrections: for up to 4 of the questions you missed: Look up or figure out the correct answer. Write a sentence or two explaining what you did wrong

More information

Chapter 10 Mars Friday, March 12, 2010

Chapter 10 Mars Friday, March 12, 2010 Chapter 10 Mars 10.1 Orbital Properties Mars s orbit is fairly eccentric which affects amount of sunlight reaching it Mars can be either in the direction of the Sun (conjunction) or not (opposition) 10.2

More information

2010 Pearson Education, Inc.

2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres: Mars, Venus, Earth What is an atmosphere? An atmosphere is a (usually very thin) layer of gas that surrounds a world. How does the greenhouse effect warm a planet? No

More information

PTYS/ASTR Section 2 - Spring 2007 Practice Exam 2

PTYS/ASTR Section 2 - Spring 2007 Practice Exam 2 PTYS/ASTR 206 - Section 2 - Spring 2007 Practice Exam 2 Note: The exam is scheduled for Thursday, March 29, 2007. It will be held in-class; you will have 75 minutes to finish the exam, though many of you

More information

Life in the Solar System

Life in the Solar System Life in the Solar System Life in the Solar System 1. Study processes that produce current conditions on planets (n e ) 2. Life elsewhere in Solar System? (f l ) Planet Temperatures Factors in Planet temperature:

More information

Module 4: Astronomy The Solar System Topic 3 Content: The Terrestrial Planets Notes Introduction

Module 4: Astronomy The Solar System Topic 3 Content: The Terrestrial Planets Notes Introduction Introduction The four planets closest to the Sun are called "the terrestrial planets." These inner planets are considered to be small and rocky. Although they are all rocky, their varying distances from

More information

Mercury and Venus 3/20/07

Mercury and Venus 3/20/07 Announcements Reading Assignment Chapter 13 4 th Homework due today Quiz on Thursday (3/22) Will cover all material since the last exam. This is Chapters 9-12 and the part of 13 covered in the lecture

More information

Motion of the planets

Motion of the planets Our Solar system Motion of the planets Our solar system is made up of the sun and the 9 planets that revolve around the sun Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune & Pluto (maybe?)

More information

Climate Regulation. - What stabilizes the climate - Greenhouse effect

Climate Regulation. - What stabilizes the climate - Greenhouse effect Climate Regulation - What stabilizes the climate - Greenhouse effect Last time! Processes that shaped Earth: Volcanism, tectonics! How we retain atmospheric molecules ( escape speed )! A magnetic field

More information

Venus. Venus. (The most visited planet) Orbit, Rotation Atmosphere. Surface Features Interior. (Greenhouse effect) Mariner 10 image

Venus. Venus. (The most visited planet) Orbit, Rotation Atmosphere. Surface Features Interior. (Greenhouse effect) Mariner 10 image Venus Orbit, Rotation Atmosphere (Greenhouse effect) Surface Features Interior Mariner 10 image Venus (The most visited planet) Mariner 2 (1962) Mariner 5 (1967) Mariner 10 (1974) Poineer Venus (1978)

More information

MARS. The Red Planet

MARS. The Red Planet MARS The Red Planet About the Planet Common Name: Mars Mythological Name(s): - Greek: Ares - Roman: Mars Mars is named after the Roman God of War A few Pictures... Distance, Size, and Gravity Compared

More information

Lecture #10: Plan. The Moon Terrestrial Planets

Lecture #10: Plan. The Moon Terrestrial Planets Lecture #10: Plan The Moon Terrestrial Planets Both Sides of the Moon Moon: Direct Exploration Moon: Direct Exploration Moon: Direct Exploration Apollo Landing Sites Moon: Apollo Program Magnificent desolation

More information

Terrestrial Atmospheres

Terrestrial Atmospheres Terrestrial Atmospheres Why Is There Air? An atmosphere is a layer of gas trapped by the gravity of a planet or moon. Here s Earth s atmosphere viewed from orbit: Why Is There Air? If atoms move faster

More information

SOLAR SYSTEM NOTES. Scientists believe its at least 4.6 billion years old!!! 10/26/2017 ENERGY TRANSFERS RADIATION FROM THE SUN

SOLAR SYSTEM NOTES. Scientists believe its at least 4.6 billion years old!!! 10/26/2017 ENERGY TRANSFERS RADIATION FROM THE SUN SOLAR SYSTEM NOTES Our Solar System is composed of: 1. The Sun 2. The Planets 3. Asteroids 4. Comets 5. Meteors 6. Natural & Artificial satellites Remember: How old is our Solar System? Scientists believe

More information

Traveler s Guide to the Planets Mars Video Worksheet

Traveler s Guide to the Planets Mars Video Worksheet Traveler s Guide to the Planets Mars Video Worksheet 1. Mars is called the planet. a. blue c. green b. red d. grey 2. Which of the following features are found on Mars? (There are two or more answers to

More information

Today. Events. Terrestrial Planet Atmospheres (continued) Homework DUE. Review next time? Exam next week

Today. Events. Terrestrial Planet Atmospheres (continued) Homework DUE. Review next time? Exam next week Today Terrestrial Planet Atmospheres (continued) Events Homework DUE Review next time? Exam next week Planetary Temperature A planet's surface temperature is determined by the balance between energy from

More information

Life in the Solar System

Life in the Solar System Life in the Solar System Life in the Solar System 1. Study processes that produce current conditions on planets (n e ) 2. Life elsewhere in Solar System? (f l ) Planet Temperatures Factors in Planet temperature:

More information

The Latest from Mars: Recent Results and the Next Decade of Exploration

The Latest from Mars: Recent Results and the Next Decade of Exploration The Latest from Mars: Recent Results and the Next Decade of Exploration Brian M. Hynek Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics & Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado Mars ½ diameter

More information

MARS 4 TH ROCK FROM THE SUN MARTIN STEVENS HALESWORTH U3A OCTOBER 2106

MARS 4 TH ROCK FROM THE SUN MARTIN STEVENS HALESWORTH U3A OCTOBER 2106 MARS 4 TH ROCK FROM THE SUN MARTIN STEVENS HALESWORTH U3A OCTOBER 2106 MARS CAN BE SEEN BY THE NAKED EYE SOME BASICS THINGS WE LIKELY KNOW Fourth plant from the sun -- second smallest after Mercury --

More information

TopHat quizzes for astro How would you represent in scientific notation? A 2.7 x 10 2 B 2.7 x 10 3 C 2.7 x 10 4 D 2.

TopHat quizzes for astro How would you represent in scientific notation? A 2.7 x 10 2 B 2.7 x 10 3 C 2.7 x 10 4 D 2. TopHat quizzes for astro 111 Lecture week 1 1. If you multiply 2 x 10 4 by itself, what do you get? A. 4 x 10 4 B. 4 x 10 8 C. 2 x 10 4 D. 4 x 10 16 2. Jupiter's maximum distance from the sun is approximately

More information

Lecture 19: The Moon & Mercury. The Moon & Mercury. The Moon & Mercury

Lecture 19: The Moon & Mercury. The Moon & Mercury. The Moon & Mercury Lecture 19: The Moon & Mercury The Moon & Mercury The Moon and Mercury are similar in some ways They both have: Heavily cratered Dark colored surfaces No atmosphere No water They also have some interesting

More information

Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds. What is an atmosphere? Planetary Atmospheres

Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds. What is an atmosphere? Planetary Atmospheres Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds What is an atmosphere? Planetary Atmospheres Pressure Composition Greenhouse effect Atmospheric structure Color of the sky 1 Atmospheres

More information

Introduction to Astronomy

Introduction to Astronomy Introduction to Astronomy AST0111-3 (Astronomía) Semester 2014B Prof. Thomas H. Puzia Venus Venus The atmosphere of Venus is very dense and an opaque layer of clouds covers the planet, such that we cannot

More information

The Moon. Tides. Tides. Mass = 7.4 x 1025 g = MEarth. = 0.27 REarth. (Earth 5.5 g/cm3) Gravity = 1/6 that of Earth

The Moon. Tides. Tides. Mass = 7.4 x 1025 g = MEarth. = 0.27 REarth. (Earth 5.5 g/cm3) Gravity = 1/6 that of Earth The Moon Mass = 7.4 x 1025 g = 0.012 MEarth Radius = 1738 km = 0.27 REarth Density = 3.3 g/cm3 (Earth 5.5 g/cm3) Gravity = 1/6 that of Earth Dark side of the moon We always see the same face of the Moon.

More information

37. Planetary Geology p

37. Planetary Geology p 37. Planetary Geology p. 656-679 The Solar System Revisited We will now apply all the information we have learned about the geology of the earth to other planetary bodies to see how similar, or different,

More information

Learning Objectives. they differ in density (composition, core), atmosphere, surface age, size, geological activity, magnetic field?

Learning Objectives. they differ in density (composition, core), atmosphere, surface age, size, geological activity, magnetic field? Mercury and Venus Learning Objectives! Contrast the Earth, the Moon, Venus and Mercury. Do they differ in density (composition, core), atmosphere, surface age, size, geological activity, magnetic field?!

More information

Utilizing a trial-and-error approach to studying the orbit of Mars and adjusting as needed, Kepler formulated three laws of planetary motion:

Utilizing a trial-and-error approach to studying the orbit of Mars and adjusting as needed, Kepler formulated three laws of planetary motion: 2006 NSO Finals/Solar System Event Mars: The Fourth Rock Directions: Record all answers on the Student Response Sheet. Do not write on the map. You may write on this exam, and you may separate the pages.

More information

I always wanted to be somebody, but I should have been more specific. Lilly Tomlin Reading has been updated. (All of Chaps. 9& 10) Friday, first sit

I always wanted to be somebody, but I should have been more specific. Lilly Tomlin Reading has been updated. (All of Chaps. 9& 10) Friday, first sit I always wanted to be somebody, but I should have been more specific. Lilly Tomlin Reading has been updated. (All of Chaps. 9& 10) Friday, first sit for passing back HW, then with chart. Water on the Moon?

More information

The Terrestrial Planets

The Terrestrial Planets The Terrestrial Planets Large Bodies: Earth (1 R E, 1 M E ) Venus (0.95 R E, 0.82 M E ) Small Bodies: Mars (0.53 R E, 0.11 M E ) Mercury (0.38 R E, 0.055 M E ) Moon (0.27 R E, 0.012 M E ) The surfaces

More information

PLATO - 4. The terrestrial planets, planetology

PLATO - 4. The terrestrial planets, planetology PLATO - 4 The terrestrial planets, planetology 1 Disk Formation Why does the contracting cloud form a disk?! As matter rotates faster and faster, it feels more and more centrifugal force, resisting gravity!

More information

Distance of Mercury to the Sun or the Orbital Radius

Distance of Mercury to the Sun or the Orbital Radius Distance of Mercury to the Sun or the Orbital Radius The minimum distance from the Sun to Mercury is about 45866304 kilometers and the maximum distance is about 70006464 kilometers. Space Station One Day

More information

The Main Point. Lecture #21: Mars ~3 billion years ago? The Martian Climate

The Main Point. Lecture #21: Mars ~3 billion years ago? The Martian Climate Lecture #21: The Martian Climate Evidence for climate change Did it rain on Mars? Can you have a snowball fight on Mars? Similarities to variations in Earth's climate... Reading: Chapter 10.4 The Main

More information

Family portrait of the Solar System:

Family portrait of the Solar System: Terrestrial Planets Family portrait of the Solar System: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, (Eris, Ceres, Pluto): My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Nine (Extra Cheese

More information

AST 248, Lecture 19. James Lattimer. Department of Physics & Astronomy 449 ESS Bldg. Stony Brook University. October 22, 2018

AST 248, Lecture 19. James Lattimer. Department of Physics & Astronomy 449 ESS Bldg. Stony Brook University. October 22, 2018 AST 248, Lecture 19 James Lattimer Department of Physics & Astronomy 449 ESS Bldg. Stony Brook University October 22, 2018 The Search for Intelligent Life in the Universe james.lattimer@stonybrook.edu

More information

Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds

Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds What is an atmosphere? 10.1 Atmospheric Basics Our goals for learning:! What is an atmosphere?! How does the greenhouse effect warm

More information

Earth. Physical Properties of Earth kg. Average Density g/cm 2. Surface Gravity 9.8 m/s o C to 50 o C. Surface Temperature

Earth. Physical Properties of Earth kg. Average Density g/cm 2. Surface Gravity 9.8 m/s o C to 50 o C. Surface Temperature Earth Physical Properties of Earth Equatorial Diameter Mass 12,756 km 5.976 10 24 kg Average Density 5.497 g/cm 2 Surface Gravity 9.8 m/s 2 Escape Velocity Surface Temperature 11.2 km/s -50 o C to 50 o

More information

Astronomy. physics.wm.edu/~hancock/171/ A. Dayle Hancock. Small 239. Office hours: MTWR 10-11am

Astronomy.  physics.wm.edu/~hancock/171/ A. Dayle Hancock. Small 239. Office hours: MTWR 10-11am Astronomy A. Dayle Hancock adhancock@wm.edu Small 239 Office hours: MTWR 10-11am The Moon The Moon's surface Humans on the Moon The Moon's interior The difference between Moon and Earth rocks The collision

More information

Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds. What is an atmosphere? Earth s Atmosphere. Atmospheric Pressure

Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds. What is an atmosphere? Earth s Atmosphere. Atmospheric Pressure Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds 10.1 Atmospheric Basics Our goals for learning What is an atmosphere? How does the greenhouse effect warm a planet? Why do atmospheric

More information

Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds

Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds Chapter 10 Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds 10.1 Atmospheric Basics Our goals for learning What is an atmosphere? How does the greenhouse effect warm a planet? Why do atmospheric

More information

Name. Physical Science Astronomy Exam II. Questions 1-18 have to do with the terrestrial planets, choose your answer from the list below:

Name. Physical Science Astronomy Exam II. Questions 1-18 have to do with the terrestrial planets, choose your answer from the list below: Name Physical Science 113 - Astronomy Exam II Questions 1-18 have to do with the terrestrial planets, choose your answer from the list below: 1. The smallest terrestrial planet. A) Mercury B) Venus C)

More information

Earth & Space Science ~ The Solar System

Earth & Space Science ~ The Solar System Earth & Space Science ~ The Solar System In e r Sci Uni 11 I. Sun, Earth & Moon A. The Solar System 1. the sun & the objects orbiting it a. incl. 8 planets, other stars, asteroids, meteoroids, dwarf planets,

More information

Astronomy Ch. 8 The Moon and Mercury. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Astronomy Ch. 8 The Moon and Mercury. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Name: Period: Date: Astronomy Ch. 8 The Moon and Mercury MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The best way to find the exact distance

More information

Life in the Inner Solar System!

Life in the Inner Solar System! Life in the Inner Solar System Life in the Solar System 1. Study processes that produce current conditions on planets (n e ) 2. Life elsewhere in Solar System? (f l ) Greenhouse effect Planet Temperatures

More information

Venus Earth s Sister Planet

Venus Earth s Sister Planet Venus Earth s Sister Planet 9 9.1 Orbital Properties 3rd brightest object in the sky, after Sun and Moon. Can even be seen in broad daylight Often called the morning star or the evening star, as it is

More information

ASTRO 120 Sample Exam

ASTRO 120 Sample Exam ASTRO 120 Sample Exam 1) If a planet has a reasonably strong magnetic field, we know that a. It is made entirely of iron b. There is liquid nitrogen below the surface c. It can harbor life d. It has a

More information

If your plan is for one year, plant rice. If your plan is for 100 years, educate children. Confucius

If your plan is for one year, plant rice. If your plan is for 100 years, educate children. Confucius If your plan is for one year, plant rice. If your plan is for 100 years, educate children. Confucius Test 1 on Wednesday Feb. 20. Sample test and review are On the course web page now. Grades are there

More information

The Inner Planets. Chapter 3 Lesson 1. Pages Workbook pages 51-52

The Inner Planets. Chapter 3 Lesson 1. Pages Workbook pages 51-52 The Inner Planets Chapter 3 Lesson 1 Pages 152-159 Workbook pages 51-52 Create the Foldable on pg 159 The solar The planets system The four inner planets Compare and Contrast Question What are planets?

More information

Astronomy 1 Fall 2016

Astronomy 1 Fall 2016 Astronomy 1 Fall 2016 Announcements: 1. Midterm exam on Thursday (in this room) 2. Oct 21 st - 26 th : Sections replaced by evening observing) Lecture 8: October 18, 2016 Previously on Astro 1 Solar System

More information

Today. Events. Terrestrial Planet Atmospheres (continued) Homework DUE

Today. Events. Terrestrial Planet Atmospheres (continued) Homework DUE Today Terrestrial Planet Atmospheres (continued) Events Homework DUE Sources of Gas Outgassing from volcanoes 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Evaporation of surface liquid; sublimation of surface ice (cometary

More information

Planetary Atmospheres (Chapter 10)

Planetary Atmospheres (Chapter 10) Planetary Atmospheres (Chapter 10) Based on Chapter 10 This material will be useful for understanding Chapters 11 and 13 on Jovian planet systems and Extrasolar planets Chapters 4, 5, and 8 on Momentum,

More information

Exam# 2 Review. Exam #2 is Wednesday November 8th at 10:40 AM in room FLG-280

Exam# 2 Review. Exam #2 is Wednesday November 8th at 10:40 AM in room FLG-280 Exam# 2 Review Exam #2 is Wednesday November 8th at 10:40 AM in room FLG-280 Bring Gator 1 ID card Bring pencil #2 with eraser No use of calculator or any electronic device during the exam We provide the

More information

Page Mars. Figure 9.17 Picture of Mars made by the Hubble Space Telescope.

Page Mars. Figure 9.17 Picture of Mars made by the Hubble Space Telescope. Page 236 9.3 Mars Mars is named for the Roman god of war, presumably because of its distinctly reddish color. Compared with Mercury and Venus, Mars seems positively Earth like. Although its diameter is

More information