Student Sheet 8 Sun-Earth-Moon System Review
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1 Name: Class: Date: Student Sheet 8 Sun-Earth-Moon System Review Directions To prepare for the written assessment in Lesson 9, answer the following questions in complete sentences. Reading selections you should review include: Lesson 1: Astronomy: Looking Back Lesson 2: Scaling the Sun-Earth-Moon System Lesson 4: The Reasons for Seasons Lesson 6: Eclipses Lesson 7: Our Sun s Energy Lesson 8: Space Weather Lesson 8: Auroras 1. Why do we experience day and night? 2. Define the terms rotation and revolution as they relate to space science. 3. Describe the Moon s period of rotation and revolution. 4. Describe the relative size and distance relationships among the Sun, Earth, and Moon. 5. Why can the Moon appear as large as the Sun even though we know the Moon is much smaller than the Sun? 116 STC/MS EARTH IN SPACE 2003 National Academy of Sciences
2 Student Sheet 8 6. Why do shadows change during the day? You may draw a picture to show changes in shadow length relative to the Sun s position in the sky. 7. Explain why shadow lengths change throughout the year. 8. What causes seasons? 9. What factors (other than the one you listed in Question 8) affect how hot or cold it is in any one place on Earth? 10. Looking at the Moon from space, how much of the Moon always receives light from the Sun? Explain your answer. 11. Sketch and label the phases of the Moon National Academy of Sciences STC/MS E ARTH IN S PACE 117
3 Student Sheet Draw a diagram of each eclipse listed below. Make certain to show the lighter and darker portions of the eclipse shadow. Label the Moon, Sun, and Earth, umbra and penumbra, and indicate whether it is a partial or total eclipse. Solar eclipse: Lunar eclipse: 13. Why do solar and lunar eclipses occur? 14. During which phase of the Moon does a solar eclipse occur? During which phase of the Moon does a lunar eclipse occur? 15. Why don t we have eclipses every month? 118 STC/MS EARTH IN SPACE 2003 National Academy of Sciences
4 Student Sheet What is the source of energy for the Earth? 17. How is Earth protected from receiving too much solar radiation? 18. What can you conclude from your observations of sunspots? 19. What is space weather? How does it affect Earth, including its space environment? 20. What are auroras and how do they form? (If you haven t done so already, read ahead to Auroras in Lesson 8 to answer this question.) 2003 National Academy of Sciences STC/MS E ARTH IN S PACE 119
5 LESSON 20 E XPLORING S PACE T ECHNOLOGY Name: Class: Date: Student Sheet 20 Solar System Review Directions Review the reading selections in your Student Guide, your notes, and your student sheets in Lessons to prepare for the assessment in Lesson 22. Complete the following questions to prepare for the assessment. 1. List the planets in order according to their distances from the Sun. Tell which planet receives the most light from the Sun, and why. (Lesson 11) 2. Use the scale factor 1 cm = 400 km to estimate how big a model of Earth should be. (Hint: First look up Earth s diameter. Then divide by 400 km/cm. Watch your units.) (Lesson 11) 3. Why is it difficult to create an accurately scaled model of the solar system in the classroom? (Lesson 11) 4. How are impact craters formed? Draw a crater and label its parts. (Lesson 12) 5. Why are the craters on Earth s surface less evident than those on other terrestrial planets surfaces? (Lessons 12 and 13) 304 STC/MS EARTH IN SPACE 2003 National Academy of Sciences
6 LESSON 20 E XPLORING S PACE T ECHNOLOGY Student Sheet Other than the nine planets, what objects are in the solar system? (Lessons 1 8, Lessons 12 and 17) 7. Complete Table 1 Planetary Processes by listing two planetary processes in the first column. Describe the landforms created by each process in the second column. In the last column, name one or more planets on which this process and/or landform can be found. (Lesson 13) Table 1 Planetary Processes Landform Created Planet Where This Process Planetary Process by This Process or Landform Exists 8. Describe how gravity affects an apple falling from a tree. (Lesson 14) 9. Describe the difference between mass and weight. (Lesson 14) 10. Why would a can of soda weigh different amounts on each planet? (Lesson 14) 2003 National Academy of Sciences STC/MS E ARTH IN S PACE 305
7 LESSON 20 E XPLORING S PACE T ECHNOLOGY Student Sheet How does the mass of a planet affect the speed of a moon that orbits it? (Lesson 15) 12. What happened to your orbiting marble when you lifted up the metal ring? Explain why this happened. (Lesson 15) 13. Describe the motion of a planet when it orbits a star. (Be specific. How is the motion of a planet near the star different from the motion of a planet far from the star? What is the shape of a planet s orbit?) (Lesson 15) 14. Why are there usually two high tides and two low tides each day? (Lesson 16) 15. What did Eugene Shoemaker, his wife Carolyn Shoemaker, and David Levy witness in 1994? (Lesson 17) 306 STC/MS EARTH IN SPACE 2003 National Academy of Sciences
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