Comet Demo. Comet Demo. Supplies:
|
|
- Homer Egbert Robbins
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Comet Demo Comet Demo Supplies: Apron Zip Lock Bags Beakers Bowl; Large Gloves Safety Goggles Hammer Newspaper and/or Aluminum Foil Spoons Paper Towel (To Clean Up The Mess!) Plastic Table Cover Comet s Chemical Composition Ammonia (50mL) Water (150mL) Charcoal (1TBL) Syrup (1TBL) Soil (1TBL) Dry Ice (500mL) Sand; Organic (Dark) and Less-Organic (Light) (1 TBL) Caution: Dry ice can burn. Therefore, under no uncertain terms may you or any visitor touch, taste, or handle the dry ice without proper the gear. Any such misuse of materials will not be tolerated. Procedure: 1. Cover the table with the plastic table cover 2. Pour about 150 ml of water into a zip lock 3. Add a tablespoon of sand (can use 2 types of sand/soil) and a tablespoon of charcoal; mix thoroughly 4. Add the syrup (represents organic compounds ; mix thoroughly Comet Halley in the Milky Way 5. Add ammonia; about 50 ml; mix thoroughly 6. Add about 500 ml of crushed dry ice to simulate the formation of the nucleus over a period of time this should be added over a large bowl; the mixture has a tendency to overflow a lot! Chabot Space & Science Center Page 1of 6 5/13/2010
2 7. With gloves on, quickly begin forming a snowball from the outside of the bag. 8. After snowball nucleus has formed and water has frozen, take the nucleus out of the bag allow the nucleus sufficient time to freeze or the comet will break apart. 9. Snowball nucleus should be outgassing like the real thing! Capturing the Visitor: Try these for starters 1. Would you like to see me simulate a comet? 2. Hi, would you like to learn about comets? 3. Would you like to help me make a cosmic snowball? 4. Hello, would you like to see a demonstration about comets? 5. (create your own line here). Next start with a brief introduction to what comets are and the 3 main parts. Key Discussion Areas What is a comet? The name comet comes from the Latin word cometa which means "long-haired". The earliest known record of a comet sighting was made by an astrologer of the Chinese court in 1059 B.C. A ball of rock and ice, often referred to as a dirty snowball. Typically a few kilometers in diameter, comets orbit the Sun in paths that either allow them to pass by the Sun only once or that repeatedly bring them through the solar system (as in the 76-year orbit of Halley's Comet). A comet s signature long, glowing tail is formed when the Sun s heat warms the coma or nucleus, which releases vapors into space. Scientists believe that comets are the debris left from the solar nebula which condensed to form the Sun and planets in our solar system. Most comets are thought to originate in a huge cloud called the Oort Cloud. The Oort Cloud is believed to surround our solar system and reach over halfway to the nearest star, Alpha Centauri, which is 150,000 astronomical units away. Scientists think that about 100 million comets orbit the Sun. A comet has a distinct center called a Chabot Space & Science Center Page 2of 6 5/13/2010
3 nucleus. Most astronomers think the nucleus is made of frozen water and gases mixed with dust and rocky material. Comet nuclei are described as dirty snowballs. A hazy cloud called a coma surrounds the nucleus. The coma and the nucleus together form the comet's head. A comet typically has a head consisting of a solid nucleus surrounded by a nebulous coma up to 2.4 million kilometers (1.5 million miles) in diameter and an elongated curved vapor tail arising from the coma when sufficiently close to the sun. Comets are thought to consist chiefly of ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide, and water. What are the parts of a comet? Nucleus center of the comet typically only about 1 to 10 miles across. Also referred to as a giant dirty snowball because they contain a mixture of ices (the snowball component) and meteoritic material (the dirt ). The solid, centrally located part of the comet is known as the "nucleus". The nucleus is a repository of dust and frozen gases. When heated by the sun, the gases sublimate and produce an atmosphere surrounding the nucleus known as the coma, which is later, swept into the elongated tail. Coma - As the nucleus moves closer and closer to the Sun, it gets warmer and warmer, which causes its ices to evaporate. When the ices evaporate, they drag Dust particles (i.e., the meteoritic material) off of the surface of the nucleus. Sunlight reflecting off of these dust particles produces a coma, which is primarily what you see when you look at a comet. Tail - The dust particles leaving the nucleus are pushed by light from the Sun into a dust tail. The gas molecules (like water, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide) that evaporated from the ices are ionized by sunlight (the sunlight tears off one of their electrons) and are pushed by the solar wind into an ion tail. Where do comets come from? The comets that pass close to the Sun originally came from one of two places: either the Oort Cloud or the Kuiper Belt. You can think of the Oort Cloud as a giant spherical shell surrounding the solar system that's filled with about 1 million million comets (a 1 followed by 12 zeros). Its inner and outer boundaries are not very well defined, but the cloud's extent is roughly from about 900 thousand million miles (a 9 followed by 11 zeros) from the Sun to about 9 million million miles (a 9 followed by 12 zeros) from the Sun. Because they are so far from the Sun, the comets in the Oort Cloud take over 1 million years to make a single revolution around the Chabot Space & Science Center Page 3of 6 5/13/2010
4 Sun. Occasionally one of these comets feels a tug by another star in our galaxy and gets pushed closer to the Sun. Since such comets are probably making their first such trip near the Sun, they are called "new" comets. Approximately a dozen "new" comets are discovered every year. Around a dozen "new" comets are discovered each year. Short-period comets are more predictable because they take less than 200 years to orbit the Sun. Most come from a region of icy bodies beyond the orbit of Neptune. These icy bodies are variously called Kuiper Belt Objects, Edgeworth-Kuiper Belt Objects, or trans- Neptunian objects. Less predictable are long-period comets, many of which arrive from a distant region called the Oort cloud about 100,000 astronomical units (that is, 100,000 times the mean distance between Earth and the Sun) from the Sun. These comets can take as long as 30 million years to complete one trip around the Sun. (It takes Earth only 1 year to orbit the Sun.) As many as a trillion comets may reside in the Oort cloud, orbiting the Sun near the edge of the Sun's gravitational influence. What types of comets exist? Long-Period Comet A comet having an orbital period greater than 200 years and usually moving in a highly elliptical, eccentric orbit. Comets have orbits that take them great distances from the Sun. Most long-period comets pass through the inner solar system only once. Hale-Bopp is an example of a long-period comet. Periodic Comet A comet in a closed, elliptical orbit within our solar system. These comets typically have orbital periods of less than 200 years. Many comets have orbits that keep them in the inner solar system and allow their trajectories to be calculated with great accuracy and precision. Perhaps the best-known periodic comet is Halley s comet, whose orbital period is 76 years. Short-Period Comet Comets that orbit mainly in the inner solar system. Usually these objects orbit the Sun in less than 200 years. Halley s comet is an example of a short-period comet. Do comets ever crash? Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 (SL-9), A comet that became gravitationally bound to Jupiter, colliding with the planet in July Prior to entering the planet s Chabot Space & Science Center Page 4of 6 5/13/2010
5 atmosphere, the comet broke into several distinct pieces, each with a separate coma and tail. What is dry ice? Dry Ice is frozen carbon dioxide (C02), the gas we exhale as we breathe. It is much denser and colder than traditional ice. Dry Ice is F (-79.5 C). Traditional ice is 32 F (0 degrees C). Does dry ice melt? In addition, Dry Ice doesn't melt - it sublimates. Sublimation is the process of going directly from a solid to a gas. Dry Ice by-passes the liquid form, giving it its name "Dry" Ice. Where can you buy dry ice? Some Abertsons & A few AM/PM Mini Markets If You Went to a Comet If you stood on a comet as it approached the Sun, it might vanish beneath your feet! Comets are giant snowballs, but as they approach the Sun, some of their ices vaporize. The gas is expelled from the comet in high-speed jets that also carry tiny bits of rock. Bits of rock from Halley crippled the Giotto spacecraft when it flew through the comet's tail in What are some of the famous comets? Why study comets? Since comets have spent most of their existence in the outer regions of the solar system, they are essentially ``cosmic refrigerators.'' They are so cold that they have been able to preserve a record of the physical and chemical conditions of the solar system as it existed 4.6 billion years ago, during the time when the planets and Sun were formed. When we observe comets today, in a very real sense we are looking back into the past and learning about the origin of the solar system. Although there are still many things about comets that we do not understand, scientific investigations over the past couple of decades have enabled us to identify at least some of the ices that are contained in comets. For example, we know that plain old water ice is the most abundant constituent of a comet. Since comets frequently collided with the Earth in the first billion years after the solar system was Chabot Space & Science Center Page 5of 6 5/13/2010
6 formed, it's quite possible that comets provided most of the water on our planet. Life as we know it requires abundant water in order to be viable, so cometary bombardments may have been key to the development of life on the Earth. A large comet or asteroid impacted the Earth just off the Yucatan peninsula in Mexico approximately 65 million years which almost certainly caused global-wide catastrophes, which probably contributed to the extinction of the dinosaurs. While such collisions are few and far between, efforts are being made to map all of the comets and asteroids that pass close to the Earth's orbit so that we can produce a reliable quantitative assessment of the impact hazard. Additional Background Kuiper Belt This region begins beyond Neptune s orbit and encompasses an estimated distance of between 30 and 100 astronomical units. There may be as many as 100 million Kuiper belt comets. Kuiper Belt It is widely believed that the Kuiper Belt is the source of the short-period comets. It acts as a reservoir for these bodies in the same way that the Oort Cloud acts as a reservoir for the long-period comets. Oort Cloud A vast spherical region in the outer reaches of our solar system where a trillion long-period comets (those with orbital periods greater than 200 years) reside. Comets from the Oort Cloud come from all directions, often from as far away as 50,000 astronomical units. As a comet nears the Sun, its surface warms up. Ice vaporizes from its surface and forms a tenuous atmosphere, called a coma, which can span hundreds of thousands of miles. Solar radiation and a steady flow of charged particles called the solar wind push material from the coma away from the Sun, forming a long, glowing tail. English astronomer Edmund Halley was the first person to suggest that comets are members of our solar system. Halley thought that several of the bright comets recorded long before he was born might really be a single comet approaching the Sun once every 76 years or so. The comet was recorded in 1531, 1607, and Halley predicted the comet would appear again in When it did, Halley's theory was proved correct. Comet Halley was named in his honor. It last approached the Sun in 1986, and will return again in The polar caps of Mars have a fair amount of frozen carbon dioxide. Chabot Space & Science Center Page 6of 6 5/13/2010
At this point of its orbit, any solar satellite such as a comet or a planet is farthest away from the sun. What is the aphelion?
At this point of its orbit, any solar satellite such as a comet or a planet is farthest away from the sun. What is the aphelion? These small, rocky worlds orbit the sun generally between the orbits of
More informationSolar System Debris: Comets and Asteroids
1 Solar System Debris: Comets and Asteroids Primarily found in two zones in the solar system. The Asteroid Belt (rocky, between Jupiter and Mars) The Edgeworth/Kuiper Belt (beyond Neptune) and Oort Cloud
More informationLecture 16 Dwarf Planets and Comets January 8a, 2014
1 Lecture 16 Dwarf Planets and Comets January 8a, 2014 2 Pluto -- Basic Information Discovered by Clyde Tombaugh in 1930 Period: P orb = 248 years Distance: a = 39.5 AU 3 moons (Charon, Nix, Hydra) Demoted
More information23.1 The Solar System. Orbits of the Planets. Planetary Data The Solar System. Scale of the Planets The Solar System
23.1 The Solar System Orbits of the Planets The Planets: An Overview The terrestrial planets are planets that are small and rocky Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. The Jovian planets are the huge gas giants
More informationA s t e r o i d s, C o m e t s & N E O s ( B a c k g r o u n d I n f o r m a t i o n )
A s t e r o i d s, C o m e t s & N E O s ( B a c k g r o u n d I n f o r m a t i o n ) Author: Sarah Roberts Asteroids Asteroids, Comets and NEOs - Background Information Asteroids are rocky objects which
More informationChapter 19: Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets
Chapter 19: Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets Comet Superstition Throughout history, comets have been considered as portants of doom, even until very recently: Appearances of comet Kohoutek (1973), Halley
More informationPrentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE
Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck Lutgens Chapter 23 Touring Our Solar System 23.1 The Solar System The Planets: An Overview The terrestrial planets are planets that are small and rocky Mercury, Venus,
More informationSmall Bodies in our Solar System. Comets, Asteroids & Meteoroids
Small Bodies in our Solar System Comets, Asteroids & Meteoroids * A Small Body is any object in the solar system that is smaller than a planet or moon, such as a comet, an asteroid, or a meteoroid. Compiled
More informationPrentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE
Prentice Hall EARTH SCIENCE Tarbuck Lutgens 23.1 The Solar System The Planets: An Overview The terrestrial planets are planets that are small and rocky Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. The Jovian planets
More informationThe Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition. Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets: Their Natures, Orbits, and Impacts. Chapter 12 Review Clickers
Review Clickers The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets: Their Natures, Orbits, and Impacts Asteroids a) are rocky and small typically the size of a grain of rice or
More informationComets, Asteroids, and Meteors. By: Annette Miles
Comets, Asteroids, and Meteors By: Annette Miles What is a comet? A comet is a small body which scientists sometimes call a planetesimal. They are made out of dust, ice rock, gas, and. They are kind of
More informationStarting from closest to the Sun, name the orbiting planets in order.
Chapter 9 Section 1: Our Solar System Solar System: The solar system includes the sun, planets and many smaller structures. A planet and its moon(s) make up smaller systems in the solar system. Scientist
More informationComets. Ancient Ideas about comets. Draft Dec 11, Edmund Halley ( ) Great Comet of 1680
Comets Ancient Ideas about comets kometes = `the hairy one (hairy star) 550 BC Pythagoreans thought they were wandering planets. Draft Dec 11, 2006 Aristotle (350 BC) thought that, like meteors, they were
More informationAg Earth Science Chapter 23
Ag Earth Science Chapter 23 Chapter 23.1 Vocabulary Any of the Earth- like planets, including Mercury, Venus, and Earth terrestrial planet Jovian planet The Jupiter- like planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus,
More informationAstronomy 150: Killer Skies Lecture 6, January 30
Astronomy 150: Killer Skies Lecture 6, January 30 Last time: Meteors Today: Asteroids and Comets Homework: HW 1 last chance! cutoff at 5pm today. HW 2 due this Friday at 1pm http://near.jhuapl.edu/iod/20000222/20000222.jpg
More informationAsteroids: Introduction
Asteroids: Introduction Name Read through the information below. Then complete the Fill-Ins at the bottom of page. Asteroids are rocky objects that orbit the Sun in our solar system. Also known as minor
More informationGriffith Observatory Samuel Oschin Planetarium. Griffith Observatory Samuel Oschin Planetarium. Griffith Observatory Samuel Oschin Planetarium
Test 04 Chapters 15-20 Limited Copies Are available Griffith Observatory Samuel Oschin Planetarium June 4 th from 8:00 pm - 10:00 pm Covering ALL Tests Slide 1 Slide 2 Griffith Observatory Samuel Oschin
More informationIllustrate It! You will need to set out colored pencil and markers at this station.
Kesler Science Station Lab Comets, Meteors, and Asteroids Teacher Directions Explore It! I will spend much of my time at this station making sure that the students are doing the orbits correctly. I have
More informationThe Solar System LEARNING TARGETS. Scientific Language. Name Test Date Hour
Name Test Date Hour Astronomy#3 - Notebook The Solar System LEARNING TARGETS I can describe the objects that make up our solar system. I can identify the inner and outer planets. I can explain the difference
More informationVagabonds of the Solar System
Vagabonds of the Solar System Guiding Questions 1. How and why were the asteroids first discovered? 2. Why didn t the asteroids coalesce to form a single planet? 3. What do asteroids look like? 4. How
More information12/3/14. Guiding Questions. Vagabonds of the Solar System. A search for a planet between Mars and Jupiter led to the discovery of asteroids
Guiding Questions Vagabonds of the Solar System 1. How and why were the asteroids first discovered? 2. Why didn t the asteroids coalesce to form a single planet? 3. What do asteroids look like? 4. How
More informationThe Solar System. Name Test Date Hour
Name Test Date Hour Astronomy#3 - Notebook The Solar System LEARNING TARGETS I can describe the objects that make up our solar system. I can identify the inner and outer planets. I can explain the difference
More informationUnit 3 Lesson 6 Small Bodies in the Solar System. Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Florida Benchmarks SC.8.N.1.1 Define a problem from the eighth grade curriculum using appropriate reference materials to support scientific understanding, plan and carry out scientific investigations of
More informationChapter 12 Remnants of Rock and Ice. Asteroid Facts. NEAR Spacecraft: Asteroid Eros
Chapter 12 Remnants of Rock and Ice Asteroids, Comets, and the Kuiper Belt Asteroid Facts Asteroids are rocky leftovers of planet formation Largest is Ceres, diameter ~1,000 km (most smaller) 150,000 in
More informationSmaller Bodies of the Solar System Chapter 2 continued
Smaller Bodies of the Solar System Chapter 2 continued Small, rocky (sometimes metallic) bodies with no atmospheres. or planetoids 100,000 numbered and 12,000 named 1-1000 km in size most are small ~ 1
More informationThe Solar System. Sun. Rotates and revolves around the Milky Way galaxy at such a slow pace that we do not notice any effects.
The Solar System Sun Center of the solar system About 150,000,000 km from the Earth An averaged sized, yellow star Spherical in shape due to gravity Made of about ¾ hydrogen and ¼ helium, both of which
More informationChapter 23: Touring Our Solar System
Chapter 23: Touring Our Solar System The Sun The is the center of our solar system. The Sun makes up of all the mass of our solar system. The Sun s force holds the planets in their orbits around the Sun.
More informationThe Formation of the Solar System
The Formation of the Solar System Basic Facts to be explained : 1. Each planet is relatively isolated in space. 2. Orbits nearly circular. 3. All roughly orbit in the same plane. 4. Planets are all orbiting
More informationAstr 1050 Wed., March. 22, 2017
Astr 1050 Wed., March. 22, 2017 Today: Chapter 12, Pluto and Debris March 24: Exam #2, Ch. 5-12 (9:00-9:50) March 27: Mastering Astronomy HW Chapter 11 & 12 1 Chapter 12: Meteorites, Asteroids, Comets
More informationIntroduction to Astronomy
Introduction to Astronomy Have you ever wondered what is out there in space besides Earth? As you see the stars and moon, many questions come up with the universe, possibility of living on another planet
More informationThe Outer Planets. Video Script: The Outer Planets. Visual Learning Company
11 Video Script: 1. For thousands of years people have looked up at the night sky pondering the limits of our solar system. 2. Perhaps you too, have looked up at the evening stars and planets, and wondered
More informationLecture Outlines. Chapter 14. Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outlines Chapter 14 Astronomy Today 7th Edition Chaisson/McMillan Chapter 14 Solar System Debris Units of Chapter 14 14.1 Asteroids What Killed the Dinosaurs? 14.2 Comets 14.3 Beyond Neptune 14.4
More informationOrigin of the Solar System
Origin of the Solar System and Solar System Debris 1 Debris comets meteoroids asteroids gas dust 2 Asteroids irregular, rocky hunks small in mass and size Ceres - largest, 1000 km in diameter (1/3 Moon)
More informationUnit 12 Lesson 1 What Objects Are Part of the Solar System?
Unit 12 Lesson 1 What Objects Are Part of the Solar System? The Solar System Earth, other planets, and the moon are part of a solar system. A solar system is made up of a star and the planets and other
More informationASTRONOMY SNAP GAME. with interesting facts
ASTRONOMY SNAP GAME with interesting facts Sun Sun The Sun is the largest object in the solar system The Sun's life expectancy is approximately 5 billion more years At its core, the Sun s temperature is
More informationToday. The Little Things. Comets. Dwarf Planets. Last Exam in last class, Thursday Dec. 7. Homework also due then.
Today The Little Things Comets Dwarf Planets Last Exam in last class, Thursday Dec. 7. Homework also due then. 2007 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Comets Fig 9.5 FROST LINE
More informationVagabonds of the Solar System. Chapter 15
Vagabonds of the Solar System Chapter 15 ASTR 111 003 Fall 2007 Lecture 13 Nov. 26, 2007 Introduction To Modern Astronomy I: Solar System Introducing Astronomy (chap. 1-6) Planets and Moons (chap. 7-15)
More informationNews. Exam 4/Final is Saturday December 9 at 2:00 p.m. here in Clark 107
News Exam 4/Final is Saturday December 9 at 2:00 p.m. here in Clark 107 A review session will be held on Friday December 8 at 5:15 p.m. (most likely here in this room) A sheet of review questions is available
More informationComets and KBO's. Comets. Halley's Comet. Far outside the orbit of Neptune are an overwhelming number of small icy bodies
Comets and KBO's Far outside the orbit of Neptune are an overwhelming number of small icy bodies The Kuiper belt is a ring of icy material located in the plane of the Solar System Comets were known and
More informationWhat are they? Where do they come from?
Comets What are they? Where do they come from? Lesson Objectives To distinguish between the orbits of planets and those of comets. To describe the likely origins of short-period and long-period comets.
More informationChapter 25 Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets
Chapter 25 Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets Guidepost In Chapter 19, we began our study of planetary astronomy by asking how our solar system formed. In the five chapters that followed, we surveyed the
More informationAsteroids, Comets, and Meteoroids
Asteroids, Comets, and Meteoroids Bode s Law In 1772 Johann Bode, a German astronomer, created a mathematical formula now called Bode s Law. This formula determines the pattern that describes the distances
More informationChapter 25. Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets
Chapter 25 Meteorites, Asteroids, and Comets Guidepost In Chapter 19 you began your study of planetary astronomy by considering evidence about how our solar system formed. In the five chapters that followed
More informationCosmology Vocabulary
Cosmology Vocabulary Vocabulary Words Terrestrial Planets The Sun Gravity Galaxy Lightyear Axis Comets Kuiper Belt Oort Cloud Meteors AU Nebula Solar System Cosmology Universe Coalescence Jovian Planets
More informationOur Sun. The centre of our solar system
Our Sun The centre of our solar system Nicolaus Copernicus Our Sun The sun represents 99.86% of the mass in our solar system. It is ¾ hydrogen and ¼ helium. More than 1 million Earths can fit inside the
More informationThe solar system pt 2 MR. BANKS 8 TH GRADE SCIENCE
The solar system pt 2 MR. BANKS 8 TH GRADE SCIENCE Dwarf planets Following the discovery of multiple objects similar to Pluto (and one that was even bigger than Pluto) a new classification for planets
More informationBackground: (write a few things that you already know pertaining to about the question above)
Our Solar System at a Glance Reading Introduction: When the ancients studied the night sky, they noticed that five stars moved with respect to the others. They called them planets, from the Greek word
More informationCh 23 Touring Our Solar System 23.1 The Solar System 23.2 The Terrestrial Planet 23.3 The Outer Planets 23.4 Minor Members of the Solar System
Ch 23 Touring Our Solar System 23.1 The Solar System 23.2 The Terrestrial Planet 23.3 The Outer Planets 23.4 Minor Members of the Solar System Ch 23.1 The Solar System Terrestrial planets- Small Rocky
More informationSolar System Junk however, a large number of bodies were left over as Junk or the debris of planet building
Solar System Junk So far, we ve taken a brief look at the 8 planets of the solar system, their array of moons or natural satellites, and how we think such a system formed. Most of the material in the solar
More informationIt Might Be a Planet If...
It Might Be a Planet If... What is a planet? Until recently, there was no exact definition. There were historically six planets. Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto were discovered after the invention of the telescope.
More informationUnit 6 Lesson 4 What Are the Planets in Our Solar System? Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 6 Lesson 4 What Are the Planets in Our Solar System? What other objects are near Earth in this part of space? Earth and millions of other objects make up our solar system. In Our Corner of Space A
More informationTwo significant figures are enough! You can round your calculations to 2 significant figures. Hopefully this will prevent some of the sloppy
Homework Issues Two significant figures are enough! You can round your calculations to 2 significant figures. Hopefully this will prevent some of the sloppy mistakes. The speed of light is 299,792,458
More informationRadioactive Dating. U238>Pb206. Halflife: Oldest earth rocks. Meteors and Moon rocks. 4.5 billion years billion years
U238>Pb206 Halflife: 4.5 billion years Oldest earth rocks 3.96 billion years Meteors and Moon rocks 4.6 billion years This is the time they solidified The solar system is older than this. Radioactive Dating
More informationTransneptunian objects. Minor bodies in the outer Solar System. Transneptunian objects
Transneptunian objects Minor bodies in the outer Solar System Planets and Astrobiology (2016-2017) G. Vladilo Around 1980 it was proposed that the hypothetical disk of small bodies beyond Neptune (called
More informationIX. Dwarf Planets A. A planet is defined to be an object that is large enough to coalesce into a sphere and to have cleared its orbit of other
7/1 VII. VIII. Uranus A. Gas Giant 1. Rings but not visible 2. HUGE axial tilt 97! 3. Mostly hydrogen and helium 4. Medium rotation rate 5. Cold 55 K at the cloud tops B. Physical characteristics 1. Mass:
More information9.2 - Our Solar System
9.2 - Our Solar System Scientists describe our solar system as the Sun and all the planets and other celestial objects, such as moons, comets, and asteroids, that are held by the Sun s gravity and orbit
More informationThe Solar System consists of
The Universe The Milky Way Galaxy, one of billions of other galaxies in the universe, contains about 400 billion stars and countless other objects. Why is it called the Milky Way? Welcome to your Solar
More informationExploring Our Solar System
Exploring Our Solar System Our Solar System What do you think? Read the two statements below and decide whether you agree or disagree with them. Place an A in the Before column if you agree with the statement
More informationChapter 9 Remnants of Rock and Ice. Asteroids, Comets, and Pluto
Chapter 9 Remnants of Rock and Ice Asteroids, Comets, and Pluto 9.1 Asteroids and Meteorites Our Goals for Learning Why is there an asteroid belt? How are meteorites related to asteroids? Asteroid Facts
More informationUNIT 3: Chapter 8: The Solar System (pages )
CORNELL NOTES Directions: You must create a minimum of 5 questions in this column per page (average). Use these to study your notes and prepare for tests and quizzes. Notes will be turned in to your teacher
More informationYour task for each planet...
Solar System Your task for each planet... Slide 1: What type of planet is it? (either rocky terrestrial world, gas giant or ice giant) What is it made of? Does it have any moons? What is its mass relative
More informationSpace Notes 2. Covers Objectives 3, 4, and 8
Space Notes 2 Covers Objectives 3, 4, and 8 Sun Average Size Star Sun 101 Sun s Mass almost 100 times the mass of all the planets combined. Most of the mass is hydrogen gas Thermonuclear Reaction Thermonuclear
More informationUnit 2 Lesson 1 What Objects Are Part of the Solar System? Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Unit 2 Lesson 1 What Objects Are Part of the Solar System? Florida Benchmarks SC.5.E.5.2 Recognize the major common characteristics of all planets and compare/contrast the properties of inner and outer
More informationCHAPTER 11. We continue to Learn a lot about the Solar System by using Space Exploration
CHAPTER 11 We continue to Learn a lot about the Solar System by using Space Exploration Section 11.1 The Sun page 390 -Average sized star -Millions of km away -300,000 more massive then Earth, 99% of all
More informationCh. 6: Smaller Bodies in the Solar System
Ch. 6: Smaller Bodies in the Solar System FIGURE 9-1 (Discovering the Universe) Different Classifications of Solar System Objects Some of the definitions of the different types of objects in the solar
More informationThe History of the Earth
The History of the Earth We have talked about how the universe and sun formed, but what about the planets and moons? Review: Origin of the Universe The universe began about 13.7 billion years ago The Big
More informationSPACE NOTES 2. Covers Objectives 3, 4, and 8
SPACE NOTES 2 Covers Objectives 3, 4, and 8 THE SUN Average Size Star Sun 101 SUN S MASS o almost 100 times the mass of all the planets combined. o Most of the mass is hydrogen gas THERMONUCLEAR REACTION
More informationAstronomy. physics.wm.edu/~hancock/171/ A. Dayle Hancock. Small 239. Office hours: MTWR 10-11am
Astronomy A. Dayle Hancock adhancock@wm.edu Small 239 Office hours: MTWR 10-11am Planetology II Key characteristics Chemical elements and planet size Radioactive dating Solar system formation Solar nebula
More informationGG101 Dynamic Earth Dr. Fletcher, POST 802A Text Fletcher, WileyPLUS
GG101 Dynamic Earth Dr. Fletcher, POST 802A fletcher@soest.hawaii.edu 956-2582 Text Fletcher, 2011 WileyPLUS Three exams, 50% total 20 to 25 homeworks, 50% total All homeworks done on-line Assignments
More informationOUR SOLAR SYSTEM. James Martin. Facebook.com/groups/AstroLSSC Twitter.com/AstroLSSC
OUR SOLAR SYSTEM James Martin Facebook.com/groups/AstroLSSC Twitter.com/AstroLSSC It s time for the human race to enter the solar system. -Dan Quayle Structure of the Solar System Our Solar System contains
More informationSolar System revised.notebook October 12, 2016 Solar Nebula Theory
Solar System revised.notebook The Solar System Solar Nebula Theory Solar Nebula was a rotating disk of dust and gas w/ a dense center dense center eventually becomes the sun start to condense b/c of gravity
More informationAstronomy Wed. Oct. 6
Astronomy 301 - Wed. Oct. 6 Guest lectures, Monday and today: Prof. Harriet Dinerstein Monday: The outer planets & their moons Today: asteroids, comets, & the Kuiper Belt; formation of the Solar System
More information28-Aug-17. A Tour of Our Solar System and Beyond. The Sun
A Tour of Our Solar System and Beyond The Sun diameter = 1,390,000 km = 864,000 mi >99.8% of the mass of the entire solar system surface temperature 5800 C 600 x 10 6 tons H -> 596 x 10 6 tons He per second
More informationWhich of the following statements best describes the general pattern of composition among the four jovian
Part A Which of the following statements best describes the general pattern of composition among the four jovian planets? Hint A.1 Major categories of ingredients in planetary composition The following
More informationComets and Meteors. Sp a ce - Level 1 and 2. Concept This lesson introduces the students to comets and meteors.
Concept This lesson introduces the students to comets and meteors. Comets From nineplanets.org Comets are a mixture of ices (both water and frozen gases) and dust that did not get incorporated into planets
More informationSolar System. Sun, 8 planets, hundred moons, thousand.dwarf.planets million asteroids, billion comets etc.
Solar System Sun, 8 planets, hundred moons, thousand.dwarf.planets million asteroids, billion comets etc. Comparative Planetology Compares planets and other solar system bodies to help understand how they
More informationNotes: The Solar System
Notes: The Solar System The Formation of the Solar System 1. A gas cloud collapses under the influence of gravity. 2. Solids condense at the center, forming a protostar. 3. A falttened disk of matter surrounds
More informationBrooks Observatory telescope observing
Brooks Observatory telescope observing Mon. - Thurs., March 22 55, 8:30 to about 9:45 PM See the class web page for weather updates. This evening s session has been cancelled. Present your blue ticket
More informationAstronomy 1140 Quiz 4 Review
Astronomy 1140 Quiz 4 Review Anil Pradhan November 16, 2017 I Jupiter 1. How do Jupiter s mass, size, day and year compare to Earth s? Mass: 318 Earth masses (or about 1/1000th the mass of the Sun). Radius:
More informationThe Solar System. Tour of the Solar System
The Solar System Tour of the Solar System The Sun more later 8 planets Mercury Venus Earth more later Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Various other objects Asteroids Comets Pluto The Terrestrial Planets
More informationGalaxies: enormous collections of gases, dust and stars held together by gravity Our galaxy is called the milky way
Celestial bodies are all of the natural objects in space ex. stars moons, planets, comets etc. Star: celestial body of hot gas that gives off light and heat the closest star to earth is the sun Planet:
More informationDwarf Planets and Other Objects
Lesson 4 Dwarf Planets and Other Objects LA.8.2.2.3, SC.8.E.5.1, SC.8.E.5.3, SC.8.E.5.7, SC.8.N.3.1 Skim or scan the heading, boldfaced words, and pictures in the lesson. Identify or predict three facts
More information1star 1 star 9 8 planets 63 (major) moons asteroids, comets, meteoroids
The Solar System 1star 1 star 9 8 planets 63 (major) moons asteroids, comets, meteoroids The distances to planets are known from Kepler s Laws (once calibrated with radar ranging to Venus) How are planet
More informationAstronomy 3. Earth Movements Seasons The Moon Eclipses Tides Planets Asteroids, Meteors, Comets
Astronomy 3 Earth Movements Seasons The Moon Eclipses Tides Planets Asteroids, Meteors, Comets Earth s Movements Orbit- the path in which an object travels around another object in space Revolution the
More informationThe Sun. - this is the visible surface of the Sun. The gases here are very still hot, but much cooler than inside about 6,000 C.
Name: The Sun The Sun is an average sized. Earth, Mars, Jupiter and Uranus are. A star is the only object in space that makes its own. This includes and. The sun is about million miles from Earth. This
More informationActivity 12: Solar System
ctivity 12: Solar System PRT PRT 1. The ratio of the diameter of an asteroid to the diameter of Pluto is 2 to 13. The diameter of Pluto is 1.43 x 103 miles. What is the diameter of the asteroid? 2. Sarah
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Chapter 4 - Group Homework Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Density is defined as A) mass times weight. B) mass per unit volume.
More informationFormation of the Solar System. What We Know. What We Know
Formation of the Solar System Many of the characteristics of the planets we discussed last week are a direct result of how the Solar System formed Until recently, theories for solar system formation were
More informationComparative Planetology I: Our Solar System
Comparative Planetology I: Our Solar System Guiding Questions 1. Are all the other planets similar to Earth, or are they very different? 2. Do other planets have moons like Earth s Moon? 3. How do astronomers
More informationThe Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition. Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets: Their Nature, Orbits, and Impacts. Chapter 12 Lecture
Chapter 12 Lecture The Cosmic Perspective Seventh Edition Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets: Their Nature, Orbits, and Impacts Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets: Their Nature, Orbits, and Impacts
More informationThe Solar System 6/23
6/23 The Solar System I. Earth A. Earth is the prototype terrestrial planet 1. Only planet in the solar system (we know of so far) with life 2. Temperature 290 K B. Physical Characteristics 1. Mass: 6
More informationClass Announcements. Solar System. Objectives for today. Will you read Chap 32 before Wed. class? Chap 32 Beyond the Earth
Class Announcements Please fill out an evaluation for this class. If you release your name I ll I give you quiz credit. Will you read Chap 32 before Wed. class? a) Yes b) No Chap 32 Beyond the Earth Objectives
More informationMain Event: Comets by Paul Jenkins
Main Event: Comets by Paul Jenkins Most people realise that comets come from the Oort Cloud, a huge ball of objects surrounding the solar system but which has a bias of objects towards the plane of the
More informationBrooks Observatory telescope observing this week
Brooks Observatory telescope observing this week Mon. - Thurs., 7:30 9:15 PM MW, 7:30 8:45 PM TR See the class web page for weather updates. This evening s session is cancelled. Present your blue ticket
More informationThe Solar Nebula Theory. This lecture will help you understand: Conceptual Integrated Science. Chapter 28 THE SOLAR SYSTEM
This lecture will help you understand: Hewitt/Lyons/Suchocki/Yeh Conceptual Integrated Science Chapter 28 THE SOLAR SYSTEM Overview of the Solar System The Nebular Theory The Sun Asteroids, Comets, and
More informationComparative Planetology I: Our Solar System. Chapter Seven
Comparative Planetology I: Our Solar System Chapter Seven ASTR 111 003 Fall 2006 Lecture 07 Oct. 16, 2006 Introduction To Modern Astronomy I Introducing Astronomy (chap. 1-6) Planets and Moons (chap. 7-17)
More information3. The moon with the most substantial atmosphere in the Solar System is A) Iapetus B) Io C) Titan D) Triton E) Europa
Spring 2013 Astronomy - Test 2 Test form A Name Do not forget to write your name and fill in the bubbles with your student number, and fill in test form A on the answer sheet. Write your name above as
More informationThis asteroid was visited by the NEAR Shoemaker probe, which orbited it, taking extensive photographs of its
Chapter 9 Part 1 Asteroids and Comets Why is there an asteroid belt? This asteroid was visited by the NEAR Shoemaker probe, which orbited it, taking extensive photographs of its surface, and, on February
More informationInner and Outer Planets
Inner and Outer Planets SPI 0607.6.2 Explain how the relative distance of objects from the earth affects how they appear. Inner Planets Terrestrial planets are those that are closest to the Sun. Terrestrial
More informationAstronomy Unit Notes Name:
Astronomy Unit Notes Name: (DO NOT LOSE!) To help with the planets order 1 My = M 2 V = Venus 3 Eager = E 4 M = Mars 5 Just = J 6 Served = Saturn 7 Us = Uranus 8 N = N 1 Orbit: The path (usually elliptical)
More information