SPARC4 Simultaneous Polarimeter and Rapid Camera in 4 bands

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1 SPARC4 Simultaneous Polarimeter and Rapid Camera in 4 bands Claudia Vilega Rodrigues claudia.rodrigues@inpe.br Astrophysics Division Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais WORKSHOP ON SOAR SCIENCE March 2017

2 What is SPARC4? Simultaneous Polarimeter And Rapid Camera in 4 bands imaging in four bands simultaneously (griz SDSS) polarimetry as an option sub-second time resolution new instrument for the 1.6-m telescope of Obs. Pico dos Dias/LNA Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

3 What is SPARC4? Simultaneous Polarimeter And Rapid Camera in 4 bands imaging in four bands simultaneously (griz SDSS) polarimetry as an option sub-second time resolution new instrument for the 1.6-m telescope of Obs. Pico dos Dias/LNA It is planned to be an observatory facility, open to any astronomer. Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

4 Why SPARC4? SPARC4 is an instrument shaped to differential techniques: differential photometry and polarimetry. It allows to: get an efficient use of the observatory, considering the atmospheric conditions of the site; produce competitive science. Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

5 Science cases Interacting binaries multi-band light and polarization curves Pulsating stars multi-band light curves Circumstellar envelopes multi-band polarimetry Star forming regions multi-band polarimetry Stellar populations and open cluster multi-band photometry Solar system studies multi-band light curves Exoplanets multi-band light and polarization curves Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

6 Interacting binaries Interacting binaries is one science case that can benefit from SPARC4/OPD and SOAR complementary capabilities. An specific example is the study of magnetic cataclysmic variables. Scientific goals: study the magnetic accretion understand the evolution of compact binaries having highly magnetic stars Method candidates selected from Catalina Real Time Survey first verification by snapshot spectroscopy (SOAR Goodman) time-resolved spectroscopy, photometry, and/or polarimetry follow-up using SOAR or OPD telescopes final classification modelling/physical insight Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

7 Search of mcvs First sample of 45 CRTS objects (Oliveira+2017) 32 CVs 22 mcvs: confirmed or strong candidate interesting extragalactic objects in the sample (see Ardila s talk) Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

8 A new polar = magnetic cataclysmic variable Goodman spectra OPD photometry (upper panel) Oliveira+2017

9 An eclipsing polar Goodman spectra OPD photometry and polarimetry Geometry from data modelling Silva+2015

10 Back do SPARC4

11 Main properties Electron multiplying detectors

12 SPARC4 units From the telescope, the instruments units are: autoguider and autofocus module polarimetric unit collimator dichroic splitters a support for filter necessary to specific science cases cameras detectors Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

13 Optics Overview

14 Mechanical structure overview

15 Polarimetry The polarimetry is done as explained in Magalhães et al. (1986). The retarder can be a halfwave plate or a quarter-wave plate, so linear and circular polarimetry can be performed All the polarimetric elements can be removed from the beam to perform standard imaging Rotating retarder Savart Prism Ordinary and extraordinary beams at the detector Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

16 Echarpe feeder LNA and SPARC4 team are studying to adapt an Echarpe feeder at SPARC4 very desirable to simplify observatory operations Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

17 SPARC4 as a project The SPARC4 project aims at: building an instrument developing a control interface with a friendly front-end developing a reduction pipeline delivering documentation to maintenance and users delivering a tested instrument Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

18 SPARC4 Team Alex Carciofi (USP) André de C. Milone (INPE) Antonio M. Magalhães (USP) Antonio Pereyra (IGP/Peru) Cláudia V. Rodrigues (INPE) Damien Jones (Prime Optics) Deonisio Cieslinski (INPE) Eder Martioli (LNA) Francisco J. Jablonski (INPE) Gabriel Franco (UFMG) Joaquim E. R. Costa (INPE) Karleyne M. G. da Silva (Gemini) Keith Taylor (Instruments4) Leonardo A. de Almeida (USP) Luciano Fraga (LNA) Luiz Antonio Reitano (INPE) Marcelo Assafin (UFRJ) Rene Laporte (INPE) Ruben Dominguez (Univ. of Arizona)

19 Schedule, budget and funding

20 Past milestones 2009 Nov: Instrument proposed to LNA 2011 May: Granted funding to Conceptual Design Phase by Fapesp 2012 Aug: Concept Design Review 2014 Dec: INPE approved acquisition of main optics (collimator, cameras, A&G) 2015 Mar: Dichroics arrived at LNA (LNA + INPE funding) 2015 July: Scientific cameras at INPE (INPE funding) 2016 Jan: Computers and data storage (Fapemig and INCT-A) 2016 Nov: Secure funding to complete the instrument (Finep) 2017 Mar: Main optics at INPE (INPE funding) Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

21 Dichroics Measurements done at LNA Thanks to: Clemens Gneiding - LNA Rodrigo Prates Campos - LNA Luidhy Santana da Silva - DAS/INPE Flavio Ribeiro - LNA Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

22 1,00 0,90 0,80 Part # F-DB SN3 R T ,70 0,60 0,50 0,40 0,30 0,20 0,10 0,

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24 Andor Ultra 888 Frame-transfer, electron multiplying cameras Each camera has windows and coatings properly chosen to maximize response in the band Measurements to confirm specifications will be carried on at LNA. Eder Martioli and Luciano Fraga Preliminary tests of the Serial Number X9917 at INPE Images: 5 x 100 frame transfer yes readout rate 1MHz exposure time: 1,10541 s (minimum exp time without dead time) pre-amp gain 2 Readout noise: 7.04 ADU (5.6 e-) - Our measurements Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

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26 Budget/funding US$ 700k 100% secured funded INPE Finep LNA INCT-A Fapesp Fapemig (?) Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

27 Future 2017 tests of the main optics (LNA) machining acquire control pieces start assembling 2018 start GUI coding (Luciano Fraga) start pipeline coding (Eder Martioli) integration and lab tests 2018 first-light commissioning and science verification 2019 deliver instrument Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

28 Future 2017 tests of the main optics (LNA) machining acquire control pieces start assembling 2018 start GUI coding (Luciano Fraga) start pipeline coding (Eder Martioli) integration and lab tests Thank you! 2018 first-light commissioning and science verification 2019 deliver instrument Claudia V. Rodrigues - SPARC4 Workshop SOAR, 2017 Mar

29 Some examples of present OPD science that can be benefited from SPARC4

30 Multicolor time-series: photometry and polarimetry

31 Magnetic accretion in cataclysmic variables Photometry Polarimetry

32 Flickering in CVs

33 Be stars

34 Interstellar magnetic field and dust properties

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38 Henderson+ Microlenses

39 Size of Ceres

40 SOAR spectra

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