Sample Test. 5. Which of the surfaces is the youngest? A) 1A B) 1B C) 1C D) 1D E) There is no way to tell.

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1 Sample Test 1. The yellow arrows in image 1B are pointing to a form of A) liquid erosion. B) plate tectonics. C) tidally cracked surface. D) wind erosion (sand dunes). E) All of the above. 2. If an object has a density greater than 3, I may presume it is A) made mostly of hydrogen and helium. B) made mostly of rock. C) made mostly of ice. D) made mostly of water. E) none of the above. 3. Cratering in our solar system tells us A) that plate tectonics are common features and most mantles are liquid. B) that most objects are gassy rather than solid. C) that collisions were common in the early solar system, including quite large ones. D) that initially our solar system was a safe place, but is getting more dangerous as it gets older. E) invaders are sending their armies on asteroids. 4. If I see a moon orbiting a planet directly above its spin equator and its composition is like the crust of the planet, how did that moon form? A) Along with the planet. B) Spun off the planet s equator. C) It is a captured moon. D) It formed from a collision. E) None of the above are true. 5. Which of the surfaces is the youngest? A) 1A B) 1B C) 1C D) 1D E) There is no way to tell. 6. What is the structure of Jupiter and Saturn?

2 7. If I see an object with mountain ranges, what else can I assume? A) It has plate tectonics. B) It has snow. C) It is made of gas. D) There are rivers. E) It is a cold, icy world. 8. Which factor is not important to determine if an object has an atmosphere or what it is made of? A) The temperature. B) The mass of the gas particles. C) The mass (escape velocity) of the object. D) The composition of the object. 9. What is the pink arrow pointing to in Image 1D? A) A lake. B) A hurricane in a gas atmosphere. C) A mountain range. D) An island in a sea. E) A crater. 10. If I see an object with active volcanoes, what else can I assume? A) It is populated with aliens that use it sacrificially. B) It is a large, gassy world. C) It has many moons. D) It has an atmosphere. E) It has lakes. 11. What is the structure of icy moons like Europa and Ganymede? 12. Image 1C shows sand dunes. The presence of which also means there is... A) rain. B) plate tectonics. C) an atmosphere. D) volcanoes. 13. A planet with a density near 1.0 g/cc is most likely A) A Jovian-like planet. B) A Terrestrial-like planet. C) like our Moon or Io.

3 14. What is the approximate age of the surface in image 1B? A) Less than a few million years old. There are no craters. B) million years old. There are some craters present, but not too many. C) Around 3 billion years old. There are many craters, but it is not quite saturated. D) billion years old. The surface is saturated. E) More than 10 billion years old. 15. The goal of science is to A) make things up so we can fool the public into giving us grant money. B) understand the world (and Universe). C) make followers of the populace around us. D) make people feel stupid. E) give mathematicians something to do. 16. What is the estimate for the average age of the Earth s surface? A) 3,000 years old. B) million years old. C) 4.5 billion years old. D) 12 billion years old. E) There is no estimated age, as there is no way to know. 17. The surface in Image 2D is most likely A) A solid. B) A liquid. C) A gas. 18. What do we use to infer the age of a planet s surface (other than the Earth and the Moon)? A) Radiometric dating. B) The numbers of craters present. C) Dates in text books. D) The heights of the tallest trees. E) All of the above. 19. What is the structure of the terrestrial planets? 20. What is at the center of our solar system? A) Jupiter. B) The Sun. C) The Earth. D) The center of our galaxy. E) Nothing.

4 21. What is the approximate age of the surface in image 1A? A) Less than a few million years old. There are no craters. B) million years old. There are some craters present, but not too many. C) Around 2 billion years old. There are plenty of craters to see, but it is not close to being saturated. D) billion years old. The surface is saturated. E) More than 10 billion years old. 22. Image 2C is most likely A) a solid. B) a liquid. C) a gas. 23. The density of the object in Image 2B is most likely A) 5. B) 2. C) 1. D) Which is not a key point of science? A) Experiments can be replicated. B) Theories generate predictions which can be tested. C) A theory explains an observation or experiment. D) An expert says it is correct. E) No theory is ever proven, but rather is continually tested for modifications. 25. What causes seasons on the Earth? A) The amount of shadow falling on the Earth. B) The changing distance of the Earth from the Sun as it orbits. C) The tilt of the Earth s spin axis. D) The Sun s brightness (which is always changing). E) Nothing, they just happen. 26. Which object is likely more massive, object 2A or 2D? Describe why you think that. 27. Describe 3 observations of Image 2B, including their meanings.

5 28. In 2 short sentences, describe the object in Image 2A. 29. Put the images in Image 1 in order from youngest to oldest. 30. Describe 3 examples that indicate our solar system is dynamic (changing with time).

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