Standard candles in the Gaia perspective

Transcription

1 Standard candles in the Gaia perspective Laurent Eyer, L. Palaversa, N. Mowlavi, P.Dubath Geneva Observatory and S.Leccia, G.Clementini, et al., T.Lebzelter et al., Gaia CU7 DPAC Naples, May

2 Plan of the talk Quick reminder on Gaia Standard Candles measured by Gaia Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium activities Location: L2

3 Plan of the talk Quick reminder on Gaia Standard Candles measured by Gaia Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium activities Location: L2

4 The Gaia mission Satellite of the European Space Agency Observations of all the objets between than ~6 < V < ~20, about 1 billion objects Astrometry, photometry, spectrophotometry, and spectroscopy (radial velocities) Length: 5 (+1) years (70 times all sky) Launch (Soyuz rocket, French Guyana) 2013 Final Results: 2021 Location: L2

5 The astrometric performance: Mission Critical Design Review (April 2011):

6 The astrometric performance: Mission Critical Design Review (April 2011): Mean parallax error end of mission Position error ( as):... x ~0.7 Proper motion error ( as/year):... x ~0.5

7 10 micro arcsec is very,

8 10 micro arcsec is very, very,

9 10 micro arcsec is very, very, very,

10 10 micro arcsec is very, very, very, very small

11 10 micro arcsec is very, very, very, very small

12 10 micro arcsec is very, very, very, very small

13 Plan of the talk Quick reminder on Gaia Standard Candles measured by Gaia Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium activities Location: L2

14 Standard candles in the perspective of Gaia Cepheids/RR Lyrae stars Long Period Variables, Mira, SR, OSARG Eclipsing binaries Others... (Supernovae, Novae,..., etc...)

15 General impact of Gaia Astrometry Calibration star luminosity Astrometric binary stars Calibration of primary distance indicators Photometry/Spectrophot. Detection of new cepheids, new RR Lyrae, new eclipsing systems... etc... Test of universality of standard candles RVS Physical parameters: Wilson-Devinney Baade Weselink method Detection of new standard candles such as OSARG in OGLE

16 Few numbers: RR Lyrae stars Galactic Observed 186 Hipparcos ,635 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski ~4,000 LINEAR, Sesar, inprogress 16,836 OGLE, bulge, Soszynski 2011

17 Few numbers: RR Lyrae stars Galactic Observed 186 Hipparcos ,635 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski ~4,000 LINEAR, Sesar, inprogress Estimated for Gaia 16,836 15,000-40,000 70,000 OGLE, bulge, Soszynski 2011 bulge Eyer & halo Cuypers (2000)

18 Few numbers: RR Lyrae stars Galactic Observed 186 Hipparcos ,635 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski ~4,000 LINEAR, Sesar, inprogress Estimated for Gaia 16,836 15,000-40,000 70,000 OGLE, bulge, Soszynski 2011 bulge Eyer & halo Cuypers (2000) optimist: Gaia will multiply by nearly 5 the Galactic RR Lyrae number

19 Few numbers: RR Lyrae stars Galactic Observed 186 Hipparcos ,635 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski ~4,000 LINEAR, Sesar, inprogress Estimated for Gaia 16,836 15,000-40,000 70,000 OGLE, bulge, Soszynski 2011 bulge Eyer & halo Cuypers (2000) optimist: Gaia will multiply by nearly 5 the Galactic RR Lyrae number LMC SMC 24,906 2,475 OGLE, Soszynski et al 2010

20 Few numbers: Cepheids Galactic Observed Hipparcos 1997 Fernie et al Berdnikov et al ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski

21 Few numbers: Cepheids Galactic Observed Hipparcos 1997 Fernie et al Berdnikov et al ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski Estimated for Gaia 2,000-8,000 Eyer & Cuypers (2000) 9,000 Windmark (2011)

22 Few numbers: Cepheids Galactic Observed Hipparcos 1997 Fernie et al Berdnikov et al ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski Estimated for Gaia 2,000-8,000 Eyer & Cuypers (2000) 9,000 Windmark (2011) optimist: Gaia will multiply by 10 the Galactic Cepheid number

23 Few numbers: Cepheids Galactic Observed Hipparcos 1997 Fernie et al Berdnikov et al ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski Estimated for Gaia 2,000-8,000 Eyer & Cuypers (2000) 9,000 Windmark (2011) optimist: Gaia will multiply by 10 the Galactic Cepheid number LMC SMC 3,361 4,630 OGLE-III, Soszynski et al

24 Few numbers: Long Period Variables (M, SR, OSARG)

25 Few numbers: Long Period Variables (M, SR, OSARG) Galactic Observed 1,238 2,793 (Mira) 2,691 Hipparcos 1997 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski Bulge, OGLE-II Groenewegen et al. 2005

26 Few numbers: Long Period Variables (M, SR, OSARG) Galactic Observed 1,238 2,793 (Mira) 2,691 Hipparcos 1997 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski Bulge, OGLE-II Groenewegen et al Estimated for Gaia Eyer & Cuypers (2000) 200,000

27 Few numbers: Long Period Variables (M, SR, OSARG) Galactic Observed 1,238 2,793 (Mira) 2,691 Hipparcos 1997 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski Bulge, OGLE-II Groenewegen et al Estimated for Gaia 200,000 Eyer & Cuypers (2000) Mira?

28 Few numbers: Long Period Variables (M, SR, OSARG) Galactic Observed 1,238 2,793 (Mira) 2,691 Hipparcos 1997 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski Bulge, OGLE-II Groenewegen et al Estimated for Gaia 200,000 Eyer & Cuypers (2000) Mira?

29 Few numbers: Long Period Variables (M, SR, OSARG) Galactic Observed 1,238 2,793 (Mira) 2,691 Hipparcos 1997 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski Bulge, OGLE-II Groenewegen et al Estimated for Gaia 200,000 Eyer & Cuypers (2000) Mira?

30 Few numbers: Long Period Variables (M, SR, OSARG) Galactic Observed 1,238 2,793 (Mira) 2,691 Hipparcos 1997 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski Bulge, OGLE-II Groenewegen et al Estimated for Gaia 200,000 Eyer & Cuypers (2000) Mira? optimist: Gaia will multiply by nearly 40 the Galactic LPVs

31 Few numbers: Long Period Variables (M, SR, OSARG) Galactic Observed 1,238 2,793 (Mira) 2,691 Hipparcos 1997 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski Bulge, OGLE-II Groenewegen et al Estimated for Gaia 200,000 Eyer & Cuypers (2000) Mira? optimist: Gaia will multiply by nearly 40 the Galactic LPVs LMC 91,995 (12,795) 37,047 M+SR OGLE, Soszynski et al 2009 EROS, Spano et al in prep

32 Few numbers: Eclipsing binaries Galactic Observed 917 5,911 Hipparcos 1997 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski

33 Few numbers: Eclipsing binaries Galactic Observed 917 5,911 Hipparcos 1997 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski Estimated for Gaia 500,000 Söderhjelm ,000,000 Zwitter 2002

34 Few numbers: Eclipsing binaries Galactic Observed 917 5,911 Hipparcos 1997 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski Estimated for Gaia 500,000 Söderhjelm ,000,000 Zwitter ,000,000 Eyer & Cuypers 2000

35 Few numbers: Eclipsing binaries Galactic Observed 917 5,911 Hipparcos 1997 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski Estimated for Gaia 500,000 Söderhjelm ,000,000 Zwitter ,000,000 Eyer & Cuypers 2000 optimist: Gaia will multiply by nearly 1000 the Galactic eclipsing binaries

36 Few numbers: Eclipsing binaries Galactic Observed 917 5,911 Hipparcos 1997 ASAS catalogue, as in 2011 Pojmanski Estimated for Gaia 500,000 Söderhjelm ,000,000 Zwitter ,000,000 Eyer & Cuypers 2000 optimist: Gaia will multiply by nearly 1000 the Galactic eclipsing binaries LMC 26,202 OGLE, Graczyk et al soon SMC 1,351 OGLE-II, Wyrzykowski et al 2004

37 Plan of the talk Quick reminder on Gaia Standard Candles measured by Gaia Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium activities Location: L2

38 The DPAConsortium: the global view Two main concepts:

39 The DPAConsortium: the global view Two main concepts: 1. Coordination Units CU1 Architecture CU3 Astrometry CU2 Simulation CU4 Objects CU5 Photometry CU6 Spectroscopy CU7 Variability CU8 A.P.

40 The DPAConsortium: the global view Two main concepts: 1. Coordination Units 2. Data Processing Centres CU1 Architecture CU3 Astrometry CU2 Simulation ESAC/BPC/OAOT BPC/CNES CU4 Objects CU5 Photometry CU6 Spectroscopy CU7 Variability CU8 A.P. CNES Cambridge CNES ObsGE/ISDC CNES

41 The DPAConsortium: the global view Two main concepts: 1. Coordination Units 2. Data Processing Centres CU1 Architecture CU3 Astrometry CU2 Simulation ESAC/BPC/OAOT BPC/CNES CU4 Objects CU5 Photometry CU6 Spectroscopy CU7 Variability CU8 A.P. CNES Cambridge CNES ObsGE/ISDC CNES > 450 people

42 The DPAConsortium: the global view Two main concepts: 1. Coordination Units 2. Data Processing Centres CU1 Architecture CU3 Astrometry CU2 Simulation ESAC/BPC/OAOT BPC/CNES CU4 Objects CU5 Photometry CU6 Spectroscopy CU7 Variability CU8 A.P. CNES Cambridge CNES ObsGE/ISDC CNES 79 people > 450 people

43 The goal of the consortium Produce a catalogue Data products that are useful for scientific community Help and maximise the scientific exploitation No proprietary data, ESA has the data rights, until public release New Coordination Unit CU9: data access, archive

44 The schedule: more than 25 years of work! Figure courtesy Michael Perryman and François Mignard Proposal Definition Implementation Operation Data Processing Concept & Technology Study Mission Selection Re-Assessment Study Studies Phase B Selection of Prime Contractor (EADS Astrium) Phase B2 Phase C/D Launch 2013 Software Development Scientific operation Mission Data Processing Mission Products Intermediate Final Now 17

45 The schedule: more than 25 years of work! Figure courtesy Michael Perryman and François Mignard Proposal Definition Implementation Operation Data Processing Concept & Technology Study Mission Selection Re-Assessment Study Studies Phase B Selection of Prime Contractor (EADS Astrium) Phase B2 Phase C/D Launch 2013 Software Development Scientific operation Mission Data Processing Mission Products Intermediate Final Now Early products Science Alerts months solution

46 Operation scenario: The van Leeuwen chart Days of Data Launch End of Segment 03 End of Segment 02 End of Segment 01 End of Segment 00 L2 MDB-INIT First Data CDM-INIT-00 IOCR IDT FL AIM BAM CU6-Daily SCI Alerts IDT-00 re-runs PHOTPIPE PHOT-CAT-00 MDB-INT-00 MDB-00 End of Cycle 00 AGIS trials IDU trials IDU-XM-01 PHOT-CAT-01 AGIS-01 MDB-INT-01 IDT-02 Catalogue rev. MDB-01 End of Cycle 01 IDU-CAL-02 IDU-MAIN-02 AGIS-02 PHOTU-02 IDU-XM-02 PHOT-CAT-02 MDB-INT-02 MDB-02 End of Cycle 02 AGIS-03 End of AGIS-03 End of IDU-CAL-03 IDU-CAL-03 IDU-MAIN-03 PHOTU-03 IDU-XM-03 PHOT-CAT Main Dates: Launch: 13/12/12 L2: Launch + 1 mo First Data: Launch + 3 mo IOCR: Launch + 4 mo Segment 00: 180 days Segment 01: 180 days Segment 02: 180 days Segment 03: 360 days Cycle 00: 225 days Cycle 01: 195 days Cycle 02: 165 days Cycle 03: 360 days Changes since previous issue : Cycle 00 IOCR = Launch + 4mo Insertion L2 = Launch + 1mo Insertion IDT-00 re-runs x 3 : 5 days, 5 days, 20 days CDM-INIT-00: beginning at (First Data + 45 days), duration = 30 days Cycle 01 Insertion IDU trials: 100 days in parallel of AGIS trials Move of AGIS-02 to AGIS-01: after PHOT-CAT-01 and before MDB-INT-01 AGIS-01 = 15 days IDT Catalogue revision during MDB-INT-01 Cycle 01 is extended by 15 days Cycle02 Insertion of PHOT-U-02 Cycle03 Segment 03 duration extended from 180 days to 360 days Assumptions/Constraints: CDM-INIT-00 succesfully calibrated by Cycle 00 IDT reruns at 6 times speed AGIS trials and IDU trials are successfull in Cycle 01 AGIS-01 converges with 12 mo of data IDU processes 360 days of data in 70 days in Cycle 02 DPCI facilities allow to process PhotPipe and Phot-U in parallel in Cycle 02 (Not all CU3 and CU5 SW products are included in this diagram) Limitation: astrometry needs 18 month solution MDB-INT-03 MDB-03 End of Cycle 03

47 CU7 Variability Analysis functional analysis

48 CU7 Variability Analysis functional analysis Period search algorithms and modelling the light curves (J.Cuypers)

49 CU7 Variability Analysis functional analysis

50 CU7 Variability Analysis functional analysis

51 CU7 Variability Analysis functional analysis 1) Supervised 2) Extraction 3) Unsupervised

52 Classification (J. De Ridder) Goal:Classification in variability types with membership probability

53 Classification (J. De Ridder) Goal:Classification in variability types with membership probability Confusion Matrix for Hipparcos periodic variables (random forest) Dubath et al. 2011

54 Classification (J. De Ridder) Goal:Classification in variability types with membership probability Confusion Matrix for Hipparcos periodic variables (random forest) Dubath et al Richards et al. 2011

55 Classification (J. De Ridder) Goal:Classification in variability types with membership probability Confusion Matrix for Hipparcos periodic variables (random forest) Dubath et al Richards et al CU7: EROS, SDSS, CU2 simulations

56 CU7 Variability Analysis functional analysis

57 CU7 Variability Analysis functional analysis

58 CU7 Variability Analysis functional analysis SOS

59 CU7 Variability Analysis functional analysis SOS Specific Object Studies

60 Specific Object Studies N.Mowlavi (ObsGe/ISDC)

61 Specific Object Studies N.Mowlavi (ObsGe/ISDC)

62 Specific Object Studies N.Mowlavi (ObsGe/ISDC)

63 Specific Object Studies N.Mowlavi (ObsGe/ISDC)

64 Cepheid/RR Lyrae Clementini WorkPackage 1. Determine the Fourier parameters

65 Cepheid/RR Lyrae Clementini WorkPackage 1. Determine the Fourier parameters Leccia et al, see poster

66 Cepheid/RR Lyrae Clementini WorkPackage 1. Determine the Fourier parameters 2. Identify Blazhko RR Lyrae stars and double mode RR Lyrae/Cepheids Leccia et al, see poster

67 Cepheid/RR Lyrae Clementini WorkPackage 1. Determine the Fourier parameters 2. Identify Blazhko RR Lyrae stars and double mode RR Lyrae/Cepheids 3. Identify pulsation mode Leccia et al, see poster

68 Cepheid/RR Lyrae Clementini WorkPackage 1. Determine the Fourier parameters 2. Identify Blazhko RR Lyrae stars and double mode RR Lyrae/Cepheids 3. Identify pulsation mode 4. Determine stellar parameters Petersen Diagram Baade-Wesselink analysis Leccia et al, see poster

69 Cepheid/RR Lyrae Clementini WorkPackage 1. Determine the Fourier parameters 2. Identify Blazhko RR Lyrae stars and double mode RR Lyrae/Cepheids 3. Identify pulsation mode 4. Determine stellar parameters 5. Identify binarity Petersen Diagram Baade-Wesselink analysis Leccia et al, see poster

70 Cepheid/RR Lyrae Clementini WorkPackage 1. Determine the Fourier parameters 2. Identify Blazhko RR Lyrae stars and double mode RR Lyrae/Cepheids 3. Identify pulsation mode 4. Determine stellar parameters 5. Identify binarity Petersen Diagram Baade-Wesselink analysis Leccia et al, see poster 6. Determine period changes

71 Long Period Variables T.Lebzelter WorkPackage

72 Long Period Variables T.Lebzelter WorkPackage 1.Quantify the irregularity of the light curve

73 Long Period Variables T.Lebzelter WorkPackage 1.Quantify the irregularity of the light curve 2.Determine the star luminosity

74 Long Period Variables T.Lebzelter WorkPackage 1.Quantify the irregularity of the light curve 2.Determine the star luminosity Bolometric correction

75 Long Period Variables T.Lebzelter WorkPackage 1.Quantify the irregularity of the light curve 2.Determine the star luminosity Bolometric correction 3.Sub-classify

76 Long Period Variables T.Lebzelter WorkPackage 1.Quantify the irregularity of the light curve 2.Determine the star luminosity Bolometric correction 3.Sub-classify EROS data, Spano et al., in preparation

77 Long Period Variables T.Lebzelter WorkPackage 1.Quantify the irregularity of the light curve 2.Determine the star luminosity Bolometric correction 3.Sub-classify Note: astrometric shifts of the photocentre studied by CU4 EROS data, Spano et al., in preparation

78 Eclipsing binaires Eyer WorkPackage 1.Improve period

79 Eclipsing binaires Eyer WorkPackage 1.Improve period 2. Sub-classify e.g. Pojmanski: ED, ESD, EC, EOC

80 Eclipsing binaires Eyer WorkPackage 1.Improve period 2. Sub-classify e.g. Pojmanski: ED, ESD, EC, EOC 3.Determine the light curve geometry Durations Depths Phases of primary and secondary eclipses

81 Eclipsing binaires Eyer WorkPackage 1.Improve period 2. Sub-classify e.g. Pojmanski: ED, ESD, EC, EOC 3.Determine the light curve geometry Durations Depths Phases of primary and secondary eclipses 4.Update probability of being an eclipsing binary

82 Eclipsing binaires Eyer WorkPackage 1.Improve period 2. Sub-classify e.g. Pojmanski: ED, ESD, EC, EOC 3.Determine the light curve geometry Durations Depths Phases of primary and secondary eclipses 4.Update probability of being an eclipsing binary Wilson-Devinney applied by CU4 Objects processing Code rewritten in Java (Siopis et al.)

83 Conclusion: Probst 1974 pyramid Text

84 Conclusion: Probst 1974 pyramid Text

85 Conclusion: Probst 1974 pyramid Text Gaia is a unique mission putting together: astrometry, photometry, spectroscopy

86 The end Thank you for your attention!