The E-ELT Multi-Object Spectrograph

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1 The E-ELT Multi-Object Spectrograph Alexis Finoguenov Thanks to: - F. Hammer, B. Barbuy, JG Cuby, L. Kaper, S. Morris, P. Jagourel, C. Evans, M. Puech, G. Dalton, M. Rodrigues, P. Rees & the MOSAIC team

2 MOSAIC preliminary study MOSAIC team has developed, then implemented: GIRAFFE/FLAMES - NACO - X-SHOOTER - KMOS Includes also: AIP Potsdam, Nice, Toulouse, Vienna, Stockholm, Helsinki, Roma, Arcetri, Madrid & Geneva

3 : with 2 main different observing modes High definition (HDM, 80 mas/pix) with 10 MOAO IFUs EAGLE science cases e.g., first objects & detailed kinematics of galaxies up to z=5, R=5000 High multiplex (HMM, ), GLAO/seeing resolution

4 High definition & high multiplex modes 200 fibers with natural seeing or GLAO 10 IFUs with MOAO

5 See Evans et al., arxiv e

6 The reionisation of the Universe: first objects E-ELT & JWST VLT & HST

7 TOMORROW: first galaxies with E-ELT + JWST HY: E-ELT+Euclid deep fields Multiplex is a key issue for studies of galaxy evolution & formation See ELT-MOS white paper by Evans, Puech et al.

8 Our proposal is to use Euclid deep fields for that 8000 galaxies in an E-ELT FoV: Requires a MOS for spectral ID and confirmation

9 End-to-end simulations, see Disseau et al. (2014, SPIE) z~9 10 hrs z~7 40 hrs IFUs: essential for the best sky subtraction (Rodrigues et al., 2014, SPIE)

10 KeckNIRSpec

11 See Evans et al., arxiv e

12 Direct 3D reconstruction of the IGM (excerpt from P. Petitjean) No QSOs but Lyman break galaxies observed with R x x IFU R=6000

13 See Evans et al., arxiv e

14 Spatially resolved spectroscopy of z ~4-6 galaxies is required for e.g., distinguishing merger from rotation (Puech et al. 2010)

15 MOAO demonstrated on sky with Canary (2010)

16 CANARY SAMPLE RESULTS CANARY HST HST See Gratadour et al., 2014 Morris et al., 2014 See also: Lardiere et al., 2014 (Raven) HST CANARY CANARY Near IR CANARY IMAGER: Obs de Paris

17 14 spatial pixels ( spaxels ) to derive rotation curve and dark matter in distant galaxies HST image # of spaxels for KMOS, adapted from Wisnioski+15

18 See Evans et al., arxiv e

19 Example case: NGC 55 Evans et al. Proc. SPIE arxiv:

20 From the 2nd version of the MOS-white paper (Evans et al., arxiv e) ~ 100 scientists from all Europe - SC1: first galaxies, reionisation -SC2: Large scale structures -SC3: Galaxies mass assembly -SC4: AGN/Galaxy coevolution -SC5: Resolved stars beyond the LG -SC6: Galaxy archaeology -SC7: Galactic centre -SC8: Planet formation in clusters ALL SCs tested or to be tested through an end-to end simulator

21 Galaxies & cosmology: strategy at E-ELT Why MOSAIC as soon as possible? - 2 MOSes are equipping the TMT in 1st light! - Only MOS is complimentary to JWST for searching the 1st sources - If ELT-CAM & IFU will work using SCAO during 1st years: mitigate the risk of having no extragalactic observations with the E-ELT! - MOS would likely been used for > 50% of the E-ELT time -And more if 2 MOSes MOSAIC MICADO & HARMONI with SCAO MOSAIC

22 Figure 1 : MOSAIC operational organization chart

23 Proposed Finnish contribution development of the data reduction pipeline, data archiving, data quality control, simulations of expected instrument performance in a variety of scientific areas (TY&HY) cryogenic tests of the NIR components at HY

24 Conclusions E-ELT should pioneer extragalactic using MOS(es) since individual studies are limited Multi-IFUs with MOAO are unbeatable for skysubtraction, light concentration & no aperture losses To study the first light & solve the reionization problem, MOSAIC is competitive vs TMT/MOS MOSAIC is relatively low risk, using existing technology and on-the-shelf components Could still be the first MOS on sky to follow JWST, if necessary using& simplified modes. 100 billions stars per galaxy 100 billions galaxies: their studies require a MOS

25 Science Team Jose Afonso, David Alexander, Omar Almaini, Beatriz Barbuy, Nate Bastian, Xavier Bonfils, Piercarlo Bonifacio, Nicolas Bouche, Enzo Brocato, Andy Bunker, Elisabetta Caffau, Karina Caputi, Stephane Charlot, Yann Clenet, Andrea Cimatti, Michele Cirasuolo, Christopher Conselice, Thierry Contini, Jean-Gabriel Cuby, Katia Cunha, Massimo Dall'Ora, Gavin Dalton, Ben Davies, Reinaldo de Carvalho, Alex de Koter, Karen Disseau, James Dunlop, Benoit Epinat, Chris Evans, Michele Fabrizio, Annette Ferguson, Alexis Finoguenov, Fabrizio Fiore, Hector Flores, Adriano Fontana, Jesus Gallego, Eric Gendron, Emanuele Giallongo, Damien Gratadour, Eike Guenther, Francois Hammer, Vanessa Hill, Marc Huertas-Company, Lex Kaper, Thierry Lanz, Soeren Larsen, Bertrand Lemasle, Claudia Maraston, Ross McLure, Simona Mei, Simon Morris, Goran Ostlin, Roser Pello, Laura Pentericci, Celine Peroux, Rolf-Peter Kudritzki, Patrick Petitjean, Henri Plana, Mathieu Puech, Myriam Rodrigues, Emmanuel Rollinde de Beaumont, Daniel Rouan, Gerard Rousset, Hugues Sana, Daniel Schaerer, Mark Swinbank, William Taylor, Eduardo Telles, Goncalves Thiago, Scott Trager, Susanna Vergani, Niraj Welikala, Yanbin Yang, Stefano Zibetti, Bodo Ziegler More than numerous science cases! Many of them simulated