Earth Mars Oppositions and Conjunctions

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1 Earth Mars Oppositions and Conjunctions Bob Albrecht & George Firedrake Ahoy, Teachers. Elsewhere we have suggested that you and your students model the motions of Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars as they orbit the Sun during school year You can find the information you need to do this is in the Solar System Backpack section of Look for this file: Solar System Inner Planets to (SolSys_inner_200509_ pdf). This document is about oppositions and conjunctions of Earth and Mars 2001 to We are writing this in September 2005, so we will describe a future opposition and conjunction. On at UTC 08 (8:00 AM in Greenwich, England), Mars will be at opposition to Earth. Earth will be between the Sun and Mars. Mars will be opposite Earth from the Sun. You can draw a line segment from the Sun through the Earth to Mars print this page and do it. On at UTC 06 (6:00 AM in Greenwich, England), Mars will be at conjunction with respect to Earth. The Sun will be between Earth and Mars. You can draw a line segment from Earth through the Sun to Mars print this page and draw that line segment. The line segment from Earth to Mars touches Venus. Venus is nearing conjunction with Earth. That conjunction will occur at UTC 17 (5:00 PM in Greenwich, England). Earth-Mars Opposition UTC 08 November 07, 2005 Greenwich 08:00 Earth-Mars Conjunction UTC 06 October 23, 2006 Greenwich 06:00 Earth Mars Oppositions & Conjunctions 1 11/6/2005

2 To see where the planets are now or at any date and time you choose, go to Solar System Live: Solar System Live ( You will see: Welcome to Solar System Live, the interactive Orrery of the Web. You can view the entire Solar System, or just the inner planets (through the orbit of Mars). Controls allow you to set time and date, viewpoint, observing location, and a variety of other parameters. Click on inner planets to go to a page that shows the current positions of Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. We went to Solar System Live and entered settings to obtain the diagrams in pages 1, 3, 4, and 5 of this document. Here is how we obtained the image for at UTC 08. Time: We clicked the radio button to the left of UTC and entered :00:00. Show: We left it set to its default setting, Icons. Display: We made sure that it was set to Inner system. Stereo: We left it set at its default setting Cross. Size: We changed the size from 320 to 640. Orbits: We want real orbits, so we clicked on the radio button to the left of Real. Observing site: We entered Lat N and Long W for Newport, Oregon. Heliocentric: We left it set to the default selections Lat. 90 N, Long. 0 Hey, OK, everything is set our way, so we pressed the [Update] button and soon saw the diagram of the inner planets for at UTC 08:00:00 in Greenwich, England on the Prime Meridian (Longitude 0 ). We collected images of the inner planets for the five oppositions and four conjunctions during Earth years 2001 through They appear down yonder on pages 3, 4, and 5. The images are GIF files. We copied each Solar System Live image to the Clipboard, pasted it into Paint, and saved it to a folder called EarthMars_opp_con. We wrote this in Microsoft Word. To keep it small, we inserted each image into the Word document, and then reduced its size to 46% of the original image. Thus we were able to put four images on each page. On pages 3 5, you can find Earth Mars Oppositions and Conjunctions UTC 14 Opposition UTC 16 Opposition UTC 08 Opposition UTC 20 Opposition UTC 19 Opposition UTC 22 Conjunction UTC 12 Conjunction UTC 06 Conjunction UTC 22 Conjunction Enjoy these views of Earth and Mars close together (opposition) and far apart (conjunction). Earth Mars Oppositions & Conjunctions 2 11/6/2005

3 Earth-Mars Opposition UTC 14 June 13, 2001 Greenwich 14:00 Earth-Mars Conjunction UTC 22 August 08, 2002 Greenwich 22:00 Earth-Mars Opposition UTC 16 August 28, 2003 Greenwich 16:00 Earth-Mars Conjunction UTC 12 September 09, 2004 Greenwich 12:00 Earth Mars Oppositions & Conjunctions 3 11/6/2005

4 Earth-Mars Opposition UTC 08 November 07, 2005 Greenwich 08:00 Earth-Mars Conjunction UTC 06 October 23, 2006 Greenwich 06:00 Earth-Mars Opposition UTC 20 December 24, 2007 Greenwich 20:00 Earth-Mars Conjunction UTC 22 December 05, 2008 Greenwich 22:00 Earth Mars Oppositions & Conjunctions 4 11/6/2005

5 Earth-Mars Opposition UTC 19 January 29, 2010 Greenwich 19:00 End Earth Mars Oppositions & Conjunctions 5 11/6/2005

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