Using the Dark Times Calendars

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1 Using the Dark Times Calendars Purpose My main reason for creating the Dark Times Calendars was to show, in advance, the best times for deep space astronomical observing. If I want to plan a family vacation that isn t going to include astronomy, I d generally prefer to go at a time when I can t do deep sky observing anyway. If I were planning an astronomy trip however, I might want to know several months in advance when a good time to take such a trip might be. Perhaps the biggest difference between a Dark Times Calendar and an ordinary calendar is that the 24 hour period we call a day is separated at noon instead of at midnight. Each night of the calendar, therefore, is shown on a single row. If we don t separate the days this way, some things can be particularly confusing. For instance, you hear that there will be a big meteor shower on the 18 th of November. Should you get up early on the 18 th or stay up late on the 18 th to see it? Being wrong could mean you ll miss the meteor shower altogether. What the Calendar Shows Basically, the events section of the calendar is meant to show when events (like that big meteor shower) will occur. Essentially, the left side of the calendar shows when the sky will be umm, dark. By dark, I don t mean it will just be night time. I mean that the will not be in the sky and the time of the night is between evening astronomical twilight and morning astronomical twilight. These Dark Times are the best times to view or photograph faint deep space objects. The gray areas of the calendar show these Dark Times at a glance. The Details The left-most column shows the day of the week. The second column shows the date for that particular day, err night! The third column shows when astronomical twilight ends for that date. (It is best to have your scope setup and ready to go by this time!) The fourth column gives the time of night during the hours that the will either rise or set. The fifth column gives the time of night during the hours that the will either rise or set. The sixth column gives the time that morning astronomical twilight will begin. The seventh column gives the new date, which changes after midnight. The eighth column gives the new day of the week, abbreviated to three letters. If the is rising, the time given will have an R in front of it. Likewise, if the is setting, the number will have an S in front of it. The number gives the time for the event where the right-most two digits are the minutes and any digits left of the right two are the hours in twelve-hour format. When there is a row that is completely shaded and no rise or setting times are listed, the will not be in the sky during the hours between evening twilight and morning twilight. These are the best times for long observing marathons! If the row is not shaded and there are no times listed, the will be in the sky the entire night! These are the worst times for deep space observing. (Take your non-astronomy vacations during these times.)

2 Deep Space Objects Culmination times are given in the section for many deep space objects. An object culminates when it crosses the meridian. The meridian is an imaginary line connecting the North Pole, the zenith, and the South Pole. An object is highest in the sky when it culminates and this is therefore typically the best time to view it. It is important to note here that all deep space objects culminate every day of the year. Sometimes these culmination times occur during the daytime or at poor times for observation. For instance, June is a pretty bad month to observe the Orion Nebula because it culminates during daylight hours. Deep space objects can be observed at times and dates other than the dates they are listed on. For each day prior to the day the object is listed, it will culminate approximately 4 minutes later. For each day after the object is listed, it will culminate approximately 4 minutes earlier than the time listed. For each month prior to the date the object is listed, the culmination time will be approximately 2 hours later, and for each month after, approximately 2 hours earlier. If you are considering observing an object listed on the current date, and it hasn t yet culminated, it will be located approximately 15 degrees east of the meridian for each hour prior to the given culmination time. (The 15 degrees applies to objects near the equator. For objects near the poles, the angular distance will be much smaller.) Likewise, if the current time is past the culmination time, the object will be 15 degrees west of the meridian for each hour. The listing of a deep space object on a particular date was chosen because the culmination time came close to the middle of the available dark time for that night. The selection of the objects is somewhat arbitrary, but they are listed on dates and times that should be good times for observing them. So what s the point of all this? The point is if you re like me and not disciplined enough to make an observing list before your all-night observing marathon, here it is! Any object listed during the month you re going out, and any object listed in the month before or after, should be fair game as an observing target. Just be sure to make adjustments for the times and positions of objects as noted above. (Now there may be a few objects close to the southern horizon that must be observed closer to the time listed, but I haven t gone into enough detail to be able to tell you which objects, if any, they are.) Deep space objects with M numbers come from the Messier list. Deep space objects with NGC numbers come from the Herschel 400 list. (The entire NGC list has over 7000 objects and the Herschel 400 is a subset of that list.) Some objects are on both the Messier list and the Herschel 400 list. Those objects are listed with their M number. Highlights/Interesting : April 15: Total Lunar eclipse May 23-24: Possible new meteor shower from Comet 209P/LINEAR with up to 1000 ZHR. October 23: Partial solar eclipse. November 2: light Savings time ends 2 (set occurs on the 2nd occurrence of 1:58.) 2014 Comets: C/2012 K1 (PANSTARRS), Comet C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring), Comet C/2013 V5 (Oukaimeden). Please consult other sources for best times to view comets and for other data on comets.

3 Data Sources Culmination times come from Cartes du Ciel astronomy simulation software. rise and set times as well as astronomical twilight times come from the US Naval Observatory website. I have converted the times to twelve hour format and applied light Savings Time when appropriate. All times shown for the and astronomical twilight are accurate for Wilmot, Ohio. I wouldn t expect an error of more than 10 minutes for any location within Ohio. The calendar can be used outside of Ohio with proper consideration for changes due to local time zones and location within those time zones. Clear, and dark, skies! Phil

4 Dark Times January 2014 Wednesday Thu New 6:11 on the 1 st Thursday S Fri Friday S Sat Saturday S Sun Sunday S Mon Monday S Tue Tuesday S Wed Wednesday S Thu Thursday S Fri Friday S Sat Saturday S Sun Sunday S Mon Monday Tue Tuesday Wed Wednesday Thu Full Thursday Fri Friday R Sat Saturday R Sun Sunday R Mon Monday R Tue Tuesday R Wed Wednesday R Thu Conjunction between the and Mars Thursday R Fri Friday R Sat Saturday R Sun Sunday R Mon Monday R Tue Tuesday Wed Wednesday Thu Thursday Fri New ; Mercury at greatest eastern elongation. (Visible in evening sky.) Friday Sat

5 Dark Times February 2014 Saturday S Sun Sunday S Mon Monday S Tue Tuesday S Wed Wednesday S Thu Thursday S Fri Friday S Sat M98 (Galaxy/Coma Berenices) 3:28 Saturday S Sun M53 (Globular Cluster/Coma Berenices) 4:23 Sunday S Mon Mars 4:43 Monday S Tue Conjunction between the and Jupiter Tuesday S Wed Wednesday Thu Thursday Fri Friday Sat Full Saturday Sun Sunday R Mon The Witch Head nebula (Eridanus) 7:40 Monday R Tue M79 (Globular cluster/lepus) 7:59 Tuesday R Wed M42, The Great Orion Nebula (Nebula/Orion) 8:07 Wednesday R Thu Conjunction between the and Mars. Thursday R Fri M46 (Open cluster/puppis) 10:05 Friday R Sat Conjunction between the and Saturn Saturday R Sun M44, Beehive Cluster, A.K.A. Praesepe (Open cluster/cancer) 10:55 Sunday R Mon M67, King Cobra (Open cluster/cancer) 11:03 Monday R Tue M95 (Galaxy/Leo) 00:51 Tuesday R Wed M105 (Galaxy/Leo) 00:51 Wednesday Thu Asteroid 2 Pallas at opposition. Thursday Fri M65 (Galaxy/Leo) 01:18 Friday Sat New

6 Dark Times March 2014 Saturday Sun M96 (Galaxy/Leo) 00:34 Sunday S Mon M48 (Open cluster/hydra) 09:57 Monday S Tue M66 & NGC3628 (Galaxies/Leo) culminate 01:00 Tuesday S Wed NGC4038&39 (Antennae Galaxies/Corvus) culminates 01:37 Wednesday S Thu M68 (Globular cluster/hydra) culminates 02:11 Thursday S Fri M104, Sombrero Galaxy (Galaxy/Virgo) culminates 02:07 Friday S Sat M3 (Globular cluster/canes Venatici) 03:06 Saturday S Sun light Savings Time begins Sunday S Mon NGC5128 (Centaurus A Galaxy) 03:41 Monday S Tue Jupiter 9:58 Tuesday S Wed Mars 10:15 Wednesday S Thu Saturn 12:24 Thursday Fri Mercury at greatest western elongation. (Morning sky just before Sunrise.) Friday Sat Pluto 4:02 Saturday Sun Venus 5:27 Sunday Mon Full Monday Tue Uranus 8:45 Tuesday R Wed Conjunction between the and Mars (Visible after Sunset.) Wednesday R Thu Neptune rises 6:38 Thursday R Fri Vernal Equinox; Conjunction between the and Saturn Friday R Sat NGC2546 (Open cluster/puppis) Saturday R Sun Venus at greatest elongation west. (Morning sky.) Sunday R Mon NGC3226&3227 (Galaxy pair/leo) 11:44 Monday R Tue M97, Owl Nebula (Planetary Nebula/Ursa Major) 00:32 Tuesday R Wed M108 (Galaxy/Ursa Major) 00:25 Wednesday R Thu Conjunction between the and Venus Thursday Fri M81 & 82, Bodes Galaxy, Cigar Galaxy (Galaxies in Ursa Major) 11:02 Friday Sat M108 (Galaxy in Ursa Major) 00:13 Saturday Sun NGC 3242 (Planetary Nebula/Hydra) 11:22 Sunday Mon New Monday Tue NGC 3115 (Galaxy/Sextans) 10:55

7 Dark Times April 2014 Tuesday S Wed NGC 4361 (Planetary Nebula/Corvus) 1:10 Wednesday S Thu M49 (Galaxy/Virgo) 1:11 Thursday S Fri M83 (Galaxy/Hydra) 2:14 Friday S Sat M102, Méchain s Lost Galaxy (Galaxy/Draco) 3:39 Saturday S Sun M5 (Globular cluster/serpens Caput) 3:48 Sunday S Mon NGC 5897 (Globular cluster/libra) 3:43 Monday S Tue Jupiter 2:43 Tuesday S Wed Mars at opposition; 1:30 Wednesday S Thu Saturn 3:34 Thursday S Fri Pluto 2:17 Friday Sat Venus 5:08 Saturday Sun Mercury 6:31 Sunday Mon Uranus 6:27 in conjunction with Mercury Monday Tue Full ; Total lunar eclipse (03:44 EDT); Conjunction between the and Mars. Tuesday Wed Neptune 4:55 Wednesday R Thu Conjunction between the and Saturn. Thursday R Fri Saturn 9:55 Friday R Sat NGC 3962 (Galaxy/Crater) 11:33 Saturday R Sun NGC 3900 (Galaxy/Leo) 11:24 Sunday R Mon M84 (Galaxy/Virgo) 11:56 Monday R Tue Lyrid meteor shower Tuesday R Wed M63, Sunflower Galaxy (Galaxy/Canes Venatici) 12:38 Wednesday R Thu M51 (Galaxy/Canes Venatici) 12:49 Thursday R Fri M101, Pinwheel Galaxy (Galaxy/ Ursa Major) 1:18 Friday Sat NGC 4958 (Galaxy/Virgo) 12:17 Saturday Sun NGC 4565 (Galaxy/Coma Berenices) 11:43 Sunday Mon M106 (Galaxy/Canes Venatici) 11:22 Monday Tue New ; Annular solar eclipse, but you ll have to go to Antarctica or Australia to see it. Tuesday Wed M59 (Galaxy/Virgo) 11:37 Wednesday Thu M60 (Galaxy/Virgo) 11:35

8 Dark Times May 2014 Thursday S Fri M64, Black Eye Galaxy (Galaxy/Canes Venatici) 11:44 Friday S Sat NGC 5982 (Galaxy/Draco) 2:22 Saturday S Sun M80 (Globular cluster/scorpius) 2:56 Sunday S Mon η Aquarid meteor shower Monday S Tue Mercury 9:28 Tuesday S Wed Jupiter sets 1:04 Wednesday S Thu Mars 11:02 Thursday S Fri Saturn 8:24 Friday S Sat Pluto rises 12:22 Saturday S Sun Saturn at opposition. Sunday Mon Venus rises 4:36 Monday Tue Uranus rises 4:36 in conjunction with Venus Tuesday Wed Conjunction between the and Saturn. Wednesday Thu Full Thursday Fri Neptune rises 2:58 Friday R Sat Mars sets 4:15 Saturday R Sun Saturn 12:54 Sunday R Mon Pluto 4:35 Monday R Tue NGC 5248 (Galaxy/Bootes) 11:14 Tuesday R Wed NGC 5566 (Galaxy/Virgo) 11:53 Wednesday R Thu NGC 5576 (Galaxy/Virgo) 11:50 Thursday R Fri NGC 5846 (Galaxy/Virgo) 12:31 Friday R Sat Possible new meteor shower from Comet 209P/LINEAR with up to 1000 ZHR. Saturday Sun Mercury at greatest elongation east. Conjunction between the and Venus Sunday Mon M4, Cat s Eye (Globular cluster/scorpius) 1:36 Monday Tue M13, Great Hercules Cluster (Globular cluster/hercules) 1:50 Tuesday Wed NGC 6235 (Globular cluster/ophiuchus) Wednesday Thu New Thursday Fri M107 (Globular cluster/ophiuchus) 1:29 Friday Sat NGC 6144 (Globular cluster/scorpius) 1:20 Saturday Sun NGC 6118 (Galaxy/ Serpens Caput) 1:11

9 Dark Times June 2014 Sunday S Mon M19 (Globular cluster/ophiuchus) 1:48 Monday S Tue M9 (Globular cluster/ophiuchus) 2:00 Tuesday S Wed M8, Lagoon Nebula (Cluster and nebula/sagittarius) 2:41 Wednesday S Thu M24 (Open cluster-small Sagittarius Star Cloud/Sagittarius) 2:50 Thursday S Fri Mercury 10:12 Friday S Sat Jupiter 11:23 Saturday S Sun Conjunction between the and Mars. Sunday S Mon Comet C/2012 K1 (PANSTARRS) sets 3:34 Monday Tue Mars 2:42 Tuesday Wed Conjunction between the and Saturn. Wednesday Thu Saturn 11:09 Thursday Fri Full Friday Sat Pluto 10:02 Saturday Sun Neptune 1:01 Sunday R Mon Uranus 2:26 Monday R Tue Venus rises 4:04 Tuesday R Wed Asteroid (1) Ceres 3:10 Wednesday R Thu NGC 6217 (Galaxy/ Ursa Minor) 12:09 Thursday R Fri NGC 6207 (Galaxy/Hercules) 12:17 Friday R Sat Summer Solstice. Saturday R Sun NGC 6342 (Globular cluster/ophiuchus) 12:48 Sunday R Mon M6, Butterfly Cluster (Open cluster/scorpius) 1:03 Monday Tue M20, Trifid Nebula (Cluster and nebula/sagittarius 1:21 Tuesday Wed NGC 6543, Cat's Eye Nebula (Planetary nebula/ Draco) 1:12 Wednesday Thu NGC 6517 (Globular cluster/ophiuchus) 1:12 Thursday Fri New Friday Sat M17, Omega Nebula (Cluster and nebula/sagittarius) 1:23 Saturday Sun M69 (Globular cluster/sagittarius) 1:30 Sunday Mon M22, Great Sagittarius Cluster (Globular cluster/sagittarius) 1:31 Monday Tue M70 (Globular cluster/sagittarius) 1:34

10 Dark Times July 2014 Tuesday S Wed M57, Ring nebula (Planetary nebula/lyra) 1:40 Wednesday S Thu M56 (Globular cluster/lyra) 1:59 Thursday S Fri Pluto at opposition Friday S Sat NGC 6830 (Open cluster/vulpecula) 2:26 Saturday S Sun Occultation of Mars by the observable from Mexico & South America Sunday S Mon NGC 6939 (Open cluster/cepheus) 2:57 Monday S Tue Conjunction between the and Saturn. Tuesday S Wed Comet C/2012 K1 (PANSTARRS) 11:43 Wednesday Thu Mars 1:06 Thursday Fri Pluto 1:02 Friday Sat Full ; Mercury at greatest elongation west. (View before Sunrise.) Saturday Sun Neptune 11:10 Sunday Mon Uranus 12:37 Monday Tue Venus 4:10 Tuesday R Wed Mercury rises 4:42 Wednesday R Thu Asteroid (4) Vesta 1:19 Thursday R Fri Asteroid (2) Pallas 12:14 Friday R Sat M21 (Open cluster/sagittarius) 11:44 Saturday R Sun M25 (Open cluster/sagittarius) 12:08 Sunday R Mon M54 (Globular cluster/sagittarius) 12:27 Monday R Tue NGC 6781 (Planetary nebula/aquila) 12:46 Tuesday R Wed NGC 6826 (Planetary nebula/cygnus) 1:08 Wednesday Thu NGC6885 (Open cluster/vulpecula) 1:32 Thursday Fri NGC 6905 (Planetary nebula/delphinus) 1:38 Friday Sat M29 (Open cluster/cygnus) 1:36 Saturday Sun New Sunday Mon δ Aquarid meteor shower Monday Tue NGC 6934 (Globular cluster/delphinus) 1:34 Tuesday Wed M72 (Globular cluster/aquarius) 1:50 Wednesday Thu NGC 6946 (Galaxy/Cepheus) 1:26 Thursday S Fri NGC 7000, North America nebula (Bright nebula/ Cygnus) 1:50

11 Dark Times August 2014 Friday S Sat NGC 7044 (Open cluster/cygnus) 1:57 Saturday S Sun Conjunction between the and Mars. Sunday S Mon NGC 7209 (Open cluster/lacerta) 2:41 Monday S Tue NGC 7296 (Open cluster/lacerta) 3:00 Tuesday S Wed NGC 7448 (Galaxy/Pegasus) 3:28 Wednesday S Thu Mars 11:51 Thursday S Fri Saturn 12:31 Friday Sat Pluto 11:05 Saturday Sun Neptune 2:47 Sunday Mon Full Monday Tue Perseid meteor shower. Tuesday Wed Uranus rises 10:39 Wednesday Thu Venus 4:59 Thursday R Fri Jupiter 5:16 (In conjunction with Venus) Friday R Sat Mercury 8:50 (26 minutes after sunset) Saturday R Sun NGC 6756 (Open cluster/aquila) 10:54 Sunday R Mon NGC 6823 (Open cluster/vulpecula) 11:25 Monday R Tue M71 (Globular cluster/sagitta) 11:31 Tuesday R Wed NGC 6940 (Open cluster/vulpecula) 12:08 Wednesday R Thu NGC 7009 (Planetary nebula/aquarius) 12:34 Thursday R Fri M2 (Globular cluster/aquarius) 12:59 Friday R Sat NGC 7217 (Galaxy/Pegasus) 1:29 Saturday Sun NGC 7243 (Open cluster/lacerta) 1:32 Sunday Mon New Monday Tue Conjunction between Mars and Saturn. Tuesday Wed NGC 7331 (Galaxy/Pegasus) 1:43 Wednesday Thu NGC 7380 (Open cluster/cepheus) 1:48 Thursday Fri Neptune at opposition. Friday S Sat NGC 7479 (Galaxy/Pegasus) 1:59 Saturday S Sun NGC 7510 (Open Cluster/Cepheus) 2:01 Sunday S Mon Conjunction between the and Saturn. (Occultation 1:16 to 2:03 Aug. 31 st )

12 Dark Times September 2014 Monday S Tue NGC 7789 (Open cluster/cassiopeia) 2:39 Tuesday S Wed NGC 129 (Open cluster/cassiopeia) 3:11 Wednesday S Thu NGC 288 (Globular cluster/sculptor) 3:27 Thursday S Fri M74, The Phantom (Galaxy/Pisces) 4:07 Friday S Sat Mercury 8:39 (47 minutes after sunset) Saturday S Sun Saturn 10:37 Sunday Mon Mars 10:40 Monday Tue Full ; Neptune 12:46 Tuesday Wed Pluto 1:45 Wednesday Thu Uranus 8:43 in close conjunction with the Thursday R Fri Jupiter 3:56 Friday R Sat Comet C/2012 K1 (PANSTARRS) 4:46 (predicted to be at Magnitude 6) Saturday R Sun Venus 6:11 (55 min. before sunrise) Sunday R Mon NGC 6910 (Open cluster/cygnus) 10:14 Monday R Tue M73 (Open cluster?/aquarius) 10:46 Tuesday R Wed M15, Great Pegasus Cluster (Globular cluster/pegasus) 11:13 Wednesday R Thu NGC 7160 (Open cluster/cepheus) 11:36 Thursday R Fri NGC 7128 (Open cluster/cygnus) 11:23 Friday R Sat NGC 7510 (Open cluster/ Cepheus) 12:42 Saturday R Sun M52, The Scorpion (Open cluster/cassiopeia) 12:51 Sunday R Mon NGC 7727 (Galaxy/ Aquarius) 1:03 Monday Tue NGC 7662, Blue Snowball Nebula (Planetary nebula/andromeda) 12:45 Tuesday Wed New Wednesday Thu NGC 7814 (Galaxy/Pegasus) 1:15 Thursday Fri NGC 40 (Planetary nebula/cepheus) 1:20 Friday Sat Comet C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring) 6:59 & 9:21 (predicted mag. 7.9) Saturday S Sun M31, Andromeda Galaxy (Galaxy/Andromeda) 1:42 Sunday S Mon NGC 278 (Galaxy/Cassiopeia) 1:48 Monday S Tue NGC 524 (Galaxy/Pisces) 2:16 Tuesday S Wed NGC 752 (Open cluster/andromeda) 2:45

13 Dark Times October 2014 Wednesday S Thu NGC 936 (Galaxy/Cetus) 3:11 Thursday S Fri NGC 1245 (Open cluster/perseus) 3:55 Friday S Sat NGC 1444 (Open cluster/perseus) 4:25 Saturday S Sun Saturn 8:54 in conjunction with Asteroid (1) Ceres Sunday S Mon Comet C/2013 V5 (Oukaimeden) 8:04 (predicted to be at mag. 7.1) Monday Tue Mercury 7:23 (24 minutes after sunset) Tuesday Wed Full ; Total lunar eclipse (6:52 EDT); Uranus at opposition. Wednesday Thu Pluto 11:51 Thursday Fri Mars 9:52 Friday R Sat Neptune 10:37 Saturday R Sun Uranus 12:58 Sunday R Mon Jupiter 2:18; Venus 7:22 (15 minutes before sunrise) Monday R Tue M30 (Globular cluster/capricornus) 9:38 Tuesday R Wed NGC 7606 (Galaxy/Aquarius) 11:12 Wednesday R Thu NGC 7686 (Open cluster/andromeda) 11:18 Thursday R Fri NGC 7723 (Galaxy/Aquarius) 11:24 Friday R Sat NGC 7790 (Open cluster/cassiopeia) 11:39 Saturday R Sun NGC 136 (Open cluster/cassiopeia) 12:12 Sunday R Mon Orionid meteor shower. Monday R Tue NGC 488 (Galaxy/Pisces) 12:51 Tuesday Wed NGC 663 (Open cluster/cassiopeia) 1:11 Wednesday Thu NGC 720 (Galaxy/Cetus) 1:14 Thursday Fri New ; Partial solar eclipse. Friday Sat NGC 772 (Galaxy/Aries) 1:13 Saturday Sun NGC 779 (Galaxy/Cetus) 1:09 Sunday S Mon NGC 884, East Part of Double Cluster (Open cluster/perseus) 1:28 Monday S Tue Mars in conjunction with M8, NGC Tuesday S Wed NGC 1342 (Open cluster/perseus) 2:29 Wednesday S Thu NGC 1501 (Planetary nebula/camelopardalis) 3:00 Thursday S Fri NGC 1647 (Open cluster/taurus) 3:35 Friday S Sat Mercury at greatest elongation west. (View before Sunrise.)

14 Dark Times November 2014 Saturday S Sun light Savings time ends 2 (set occurs on the 2nd occurrence of 1:58.) Sunday S Mon NGC 2264 (Cluster and nebula/monoceros) 4:18 Monday S Tue Taurid meteor shower. Tuesday S Wed Venus 5:29 (9 minutes after sunset) Wednesday Thu Saturn 5:59 (40 minutes after sunset) Thursday Fri Full ; Mars 8:30 Friday Sat Neptune 7:46 Saturday R Sun Uranus 10:04 Sunday R Mon Jupiter 11:49 Monday R Tue Mercury 5:49 Tuesday R Wed NGC 7479 (Galaxy/Pegasus) 8:08 (see also Aug. 30 th ) Wednesday R Thu NGC 157 (Galaxy/Cetus) 9:34 Thursday R Fri NGC 185 (Galaxy/Cassiopeia) 9:34 Friday R Sat NGC 225 (Open cluster/cassiopeia) 9:38 Saturday R Sun NGC 436 (Open cluster/cassiopeia) 10:06 Sunday R Mon M33, Pinwheel Galaxy (Galaxy/Triangulum) 10:17 Monday R Tue Leonid meteor shower. Tuesday R Wed M77 (Galaxy/Cetus) 11:18 Wednesday R Thu M45, Pleiades (Cluster and nebula/taurus) 12:22 Thursday Fri NGC 1407 (Galaxy/Eridanus) 12:07 Friday Sat New Saturday Sun NGC 1502 (Open cluster/camelopardalis) 12:26 Sunday Mon NGC 1513 (Open cluster/perseus) 12:24 Monday S Tue NGC 1545 (Open cluster/perseus) 12:31 Tuesday S Wed NGC 1788 (Bright nebula/orion) 1:14 Wednesday S Thu M78 (Bright nebula/orion) 1:50 Thursday S Fri NGC 2204 (Open cluster/canis Major) 2:14 Friday S Sat M50 (Open cluster/monoceros) 2:57 Saturday S Sun M47 (Open cluster/puppis) 3:27 Sunday S Mon NGC 2567 (Open cluster/puppis) 4:05

15 Dark Times December 2014 Monday S Tue NGC 2683 (Galaxy/Lynx) 4:36 Tuesday S Wed Venus 5:33 (33 minutes after sunset) Wednesday S Thu Mars 8:26 Thursday Fri Neptune 6:00 and 11:26 Friday Sat Full ; Uranus 8:15 and sets at 2:32 Saturday Sun Jupiter 8:09 Sunday Mon Mercury in conjunction with the Sun Monday R Tue Saturn 6:02 Tuesday R Wed Asteroid (6) Hebe 8:43 Wednesday R Thu NGC 253 (Galaxy/Sculptor) 7:56 Thursday R Fri NGC 488 (Galaxy/Pisces) 8:26 Friday R Sat M76, Little Dumbbell (Planetary nebula/perseus) 8:46 Saturday R Sun Geminid meteor shower (This shower can be viewed all night.) Sunday R Mon NGC 1084 (Galaxy/Eridanus) 9:39 Monday R Tue NGC 1513 (Open cluster/perseus) 11:02 Tuesday R Wed NGC 1535 (Planetary nebula/eridanus) 10:59 Wednesday R Thu NGC 1664 (Open cluster/auriga) 11:32 Thursday R Fri NGC 1817 (Open cluster/taurus) 11:49 Friday R Sat M36 (Open cluster/auriga) 12:09 Saturday Sun M37 (Open cluster/auriga) 12:21 Sunday Mon New ; Winter Solstice, Ursid meteor shower. Monday Tue M35 (Open cluster/auriga) 12:30 Tuesday S Wed NGC 2232 (Open cluster/monoceros) 12:45 Wednesday S Thu Puppid Velid meteor shower. Thursday S Fri M93 (Open cluster/puppis) 1:53 Friday S Sat NGC 2613 (Galaxy/Pyxis) 2:38 Saturday S Sun NGC 2742 (Galaxy/Ursa Major) 3:08 Sunday S Mon NGC 2974 (Galaxy/Sextans) 3:39 Monday S Tue NGC 3198 (Galaxy/Ursa Major) 4:12 Tuesday S Wed NGC 3432 (Galaxy/Leo Minor) 4:41 Wednesday S Thu Jupiter 3:21

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