HI-1017: Pharmacy Technician. Module 14 - Metric System

Transcription

1 HI-1017: Pharmacy Technician Module 14 - Metric System

2 Slide 1 Main Objectives The Metric System Converting Metric Units Practice Exercises

3 Slide 2 The Metric System The Metric System Units of Measurement Prefixes

4 Slide 3 The Metric System The 3 basic units of measurement in the metric system are Meter (m) = basic unit of length Liter (l or L) = basic unit of volume Gram (g) = basic unit of weight

5 Slide 4 Units of Measurement All additional units of measure are based on these 3 basic units: Centimeter (cm) and millimeter (mm) are units of length Centiliter (cl) and milliliter (ml) are units of volume Kilogram (kg) and milligram (mg) are units of weight

6 Slide 5 Prefixes Each prefix that is used in the metric system represents a multiple or subdivision of ten Prefix Abbreviation Multiples or subdivisions Kilo k 1000 Hecto h 100 Deka dk 10 Gram, Liter, Meter g, l, m 1 Deci d 0.1 or 1/10 Centi c 0.01 or 1/100 Milli m or 1/1000 Micro mc or 1/ Nano n or 1/

7 Slide 6 enotes Kilo Hecto Deka BaseDeci Centi Milli * * Micro K H D B. D C M * * M

8 Slide 7 Converting Metric Units Converting Units of Measurement Converting From a Small Unit to a Larger Unit Converting From mg to g Converting From ml to L Converting From a Large Unit to a Smaller Unit Converting From kg to g Converting From kg to mcg Multiplying Metric Values Dividing Metric Values Remember

9 Slide 8 Converting Units of Measurement Remember with the metric system: When going small to large = divide When going large to small = multiply

10 Slide 9 Converting From a Small Unit to a Larger Unit Follow this example When converting from a small unit to a larger unit, make sure your number increases proportionately Step 1: Find the unit on the chart to determine its subdivision Step 2: Divide by the subdivision

11 Slide 10 Converting From mg to g Convert 5675 mg to g Step 1: Find milli and count how many times you have to move to gram Three times to the left indicating that a gram is 1,000 times larger than a milligram Step 2: Divide by the subdivision 5,675/1,000 = grams

12 Slide 11 Converting From ml to L Convert 5786 ml to L Step 1: Find milli and count how many times you have to move to liter. Three times to the left indicating that a liter is 1,000 time larger than a milliliter Step 2: Divide by the subdivision 5,786/1,000 = liter

13 Slide 12 Converting From a Large Unit to a Smaller Unit Follow this example When converting from a larger unit to a small unit, make sure your number decreases proportionately Step 1: Find the unit on the chart to determine it s subdivision Step 2: Multiply by the subdivision

14 Slide 13 Converting From kg to mcg Convert kg to mcg Step 1: Find kilo and count how many times you have to move to mcg 9 times to the right indicating that a microgram is 1,000,000,000 times smaller than a kilogram Step 2: x 1,000,000,000 = 200,897,000 mcg

15 Slide 14 Converting From kg to g Convert 72 kg to g Step 1: Find kilo and count how many times you have to move to grams 3 times to the right indicating that a kilogram is 1,000 times larger than a gram Step 2: 72 x 1,000 = 72,000 grams 1,000 grams = 1 kilogram

16 Slide 15 Multiplying Metric Values Follow this example When multiplying metric values by multiples of ten, move the decimal point one place to the right for each zero in the multiplier Step 1: Move the decimal point one place to the right for each zero in the multiplier 10 x = ,000 x = 325

17 Slide 16 Dividing Metric Values Follow this example Move the decimal point one place to the left for each zero in the divisor Step 1: =? Move the decimal two spaces to the left = Step 2: ,000 =? Move the decimal three spaces to the left =

18 Slide 17 Remember Convert everything to the same units when solving metric problems 1 kg g =? 1 kg = 1 x 1,000 1,000 g g = 1,300 g 1 kg + (300/1,000 kg) 1 kg kg = 1.3 kg

19 Slide 18 Practice Exercises Practice Exercise: 1 Practice Exercise: 2 Practice Exercise: 3 What did we learn?

20 Slide 19 Practice Exercise: 1 The gas station is only 2.6 kilometers from my home. How many meters would I travel round-trip to the gas station and back home? Step 1: Determine what needs to be solved Step 2: Convert large to small (multiply) Step 3: Remember that the keyword, round-trip, means you must multiple by 2

21 Slide 20 Practice Exercise: Answer 1 Answer: Step 1: Determine what needs to be solved 2.6 km to m Step 2: Convert large to small (multiply) 2.6 x 1,000 = 2,600 m Step 3: Remember that the keyword, round-trip, means you must multiple by 2 2,600 m x 2 = 5,200 m

22 Slide 21 Practice Exercise: 2 How many 120 ml bottles can be filled from 3.84 L of a cough syrup? Step 1: Determine what needs to be solved Step 2: Convert to the same unit, L to ml (large to small, multiply) Step 3: Solve the division problem

23 Slide 22 Practice Exercise: Answer 2 Answer: Step 1: Determine what needs to be solved 3.84 L 120 ml =? Step 2: Convert to the same unit, L to ml (large to small, multiply) 3.84 x 1,000 = 3,840 ml Step 3: Solve the division problem 3,840 ml 120 ml = 32 bottles

24 Slide 23 Practice Exercise: 3 How many 30 mg thiamine HCI capsules can be prepared from kg of thiamine HCI? Step 1: Determine what needs to be solved Step 2: Convert to the same unit, kg to mg (large to small, multiply). Ask yourself, how many moves it took to get to milli (6) Step 3: Solve the division problem

25 Slide 24 Practice Exercise: Answer 3 Answer: Step 1: Determine what needs to be solved kg 30 mg =? Step 2: Convert to the same unit, kg to mg (large to small, multiply). Ask yourself, how many moves it took to get to milli (6) x 1,000,000 = 900 mg Step 3: Solve the division problem 900 mg 30 mg = 30 capsules

26 Slide 25 Practice Exercise: 4-5 Convert the following metric units: g =? mg Convert large to small (multiply) mg =? mcg Convert large to small (multiply)

27 Slide 26 Practice Exercise: L =? ml Convert large to small (multiply) ml =?L Convert small to large (divide) 8. 8,023,766 g =? kg Convert small to large (divide)

28 Slide 27 Practice Exercise: ml =? L Convert small to large (divide) g kg + 428,970 mg =?g Convert everything to the same unit (gram) Convert mg to g (small to large, divide) Convert kg to g (large to small, multiply)

29 Slide 28 Practice Exercise: Answers 4-7 Answers g =? mg 55 x 1,000 = 55,000 mg mg =? mcg 72 x 1,000 = 72,000 mcg L =? ml 105 x 1, 000 = 105,000 ml ml =?L ,000 = L

30 Slide 29 Practice Exercise: Answers ,023,766 g =? kg 8,023,766 1,000 = 8, kg ml =? L ,000 = L g kg + 428,970 mg =?g 428,907 1,000 = g 0.58 x 1, 000 = 580 g 635 g g g = 1,643.9 g

31 Slide 30 What did we learn? The Metric System Units of Measurement Converting Metric Units Practice Exercises

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33 Review Questions: 1. Convert 25 kg to g. a. 25,000g b g c g d. 250 g 2. Convert 982 mg to g. a. 982,000 g b g c. 9 g d g 3. Convert m to mm. a. 2 mm b mm c mm d..298 mm 4. Convert kg to mcg. a. 200 mcg b. 200,887,000 mcg c mcg d. 20,887 mcg 5. 1 g = 1000 mg. How many milligrams are in 5.5 g? a mg b. 550 mg c mg d. 55 mg 6. The number of milligrams in 3,120 mcg is: a. 3,120,000 mg b mg c mg d. 3,120 mg

34 7. The total volume in milliliters of 312 ml, 3.12 L and 312L is: a ml b. 315,432 ml c. 31,543.2 L d. 312,543 ml 8. The number of milliliters left in a 4-liter bag of normal saline solution after you remove 50 ml, 250 ml, 2.5L and 750 ml is? a. 3,550 ml b. 450 ml c. 50 ml d. 350 ml 9. The number of milligrams of imiperiem (Primaxin) remaining in a 5 g vial after 250 mg are removed is? a. 4,750 mg b. 47 mg c. 4 g d. 745 mg 10. Sally purchased a pound of coffee. If a pound weighs 454 g, how many pots of coffee can be prepared if each pot requires 22,700 mg of ground coffee? a. 10 pots b. 20 pots c. 25 pots d. 15 pots

35 Answer Key: 1. A (Convert large to small) will need to multiply 25 * 1000 = 25,000 g. 2. B (Convert small to large) will need to divide 982 / 1000 = g. 3. C (Convert large to small) will need to multiply * 1000 = 29.8 mm. 4. B (Convert large to small) will need to multiply *1,000,000 = 200,887,000 mcg. 5. A Convert g to mg - (Large to small) - will need to multiply 5.5 g * 1000 = 5500 mg. 6. C (Convert small to large) will need to divide 3120 / 1000 = 3.12 mg. 7. B Must convert all to one unit ( ml) Add all numbers 3.12 L to ml - (Large to small)- multiply 3.12 * 1000 = 3120 ml 312 L to ml - (Large to small) - multiply 312 * 1000 = 312,000 ml ,000 = 315,432 ml 8. B Must convert to one unit (ml) Add the numbers Convert the fluid from L to ml Subtract the answers from the amount of fluid in the bag. 2.5 L to ml - (large to small) - multiply 2.5 * 1000 = 2,500 ml = 3550 ml 4 L to ml - (large to small) - multiply 4 * 1000 = 4000 ml 4000 ml ml = 450 ml

36 9. A Convert all to the same unit (mg) Subtract the answer from 250 mg 5g to mg - (large to small) - multiply 5 * 1000 = 5000 mg 5000 mg mg = 4750 mg 10. B Convert all to the same unit (g to mg) 4 g to mg (large to small) - multiply 454 * 1000 = 454,000 mg 454,000 / 22,700 = 20 pots