UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Advanced Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level PHYSICS

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1 UNIVERSITY OF MRIGE INTERNTIONL EXMINTIONS General ertificate of Education dvanced Subsidiary Level and dvanced Level PHYSIS 972/1 Paper 1 Multiple hoice May/June 26 dditional Materials: Multiple hoice nswer Sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type or H is recommended) 1 hour RE THESE INSTRUTIONS FIRST Write in soft pencil. o not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Write your name, entre number and candidate number on the nswer Sheet in the spaces provided unless this has been done for you. There are forty questions on this paper. nswer all questions. For each question there are four possible answers,, and. hoose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the separate nswer Sheet. Read the instructions on the nswer Sheet very carefully. Each correct answer will score one mark. mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer. ny rough working should be done in this booklet. I6 6_972_1/2RP ULES 26 This document consists of 18 printed pages and 2 blank pages. [Turn over

2 2 ata speed of light in free space, c = m s 1 permeability of free space, µ = 4π 1 7 H m 1 permittivity of free space, ε = F m 1 elementary charge, the Planck constant, unified atomic mass constant, rest mass of electron, rest mass of proton, e = h = J s u = kg m e = kg m p = kg molar gas constant, R = 8.31 J K 1 mol 1 the vogadro constant, N = mol 1 the oltzmann constant, k = J K 1 gravitational constant, G = N m 2 kg 2 acceleration of free fall, g = 9.81 m s 2 ULES /1/M/J/6

3 3 Formulae 2 uniformly accelerated motion, s = ut + at 2 1 v 2 = u 2 + 2as work done on/by a gas, gravitational potential, simple harmonic motion, velocity of particle in s.h.m., W = p V φ = Gm r 2 a = ω x v = v cos ωt 2 v = ± ω ( x x 2 ) resistors in series, R = R 1 + R resistors in parallel, 1/R = 1/R 1 + 1/R electric potential, V = Q 4πε r capacitors in series, 1/ = 1/ 1 + 1/ capacitors in parallel, = energy of charged capacitor, W = QV 2 1 alternating current/voltage, x = x sin ω t hydrostatic pressure, p = ρ gh pressure of an ideal gas, 2 p = < > 3 1 Nm c V radioactive decay, x = x exp( λt ) decay constant, λ =.693 t 1 2 critical density matter of the Universe, 3H 2 ρ = 8πG equation of continuity, ernoulli equation (simplified), Stokes' law, Reynolds' number, p + 1 v = constant ρ v = p 1 2 F = r η v ρvr R e = η ρ v 2 drag force in turbulent flow, F = r 2 ρv 2 ULES /1/M/J/6 [Turn over

4 4 1 Which pair includes a vector quantity and a scalar quantity? displacement; acceleration force; kinetic energy power; speed work; potential energy 2 For which quantity is the magnitude a reasonable estimate? frequency of a radio wave 5 phz mass of an atom 5 µg the Young modulus of a metal 5 kpa wavelength of green light 5 nm 3 The following physical quantities can be either positive or negative. s : displacement of a particle along a straight line θ : temperature on the elsius scale q : electric charge V : readings on a digital voltmeter Which of these quantities are vectors? s, θ, q, V s, q, V θ, V s only ULES /1/M/J/6

5 5 4 light meter measures the intensity I of the light falling on it. Theory suggests that this varies as the inverse square of the distance d. light meter Which graph of the results supports this theory? d I I d d I I d 2 1 d 2 ULES /1/M/J/6 [Turn over

6 6 5 The cathode-ray oscilloscope (c.r.o.) display shows the waveform produced by an electronic circuit. The c.r.o. time-base is set at 1 ms per division. What is the period of the signal shown? 2 ms 3 ms 4 ms 8 ms 6 The resistance R of an unknown resistor is found by measuring the potential difference V across V the resistor and the current I through it and using the equation R =. The voltmeter reading has I a 3 % uncertainty and the ammeter reading has a 2 % uncertainty. What is the uncertainty in the calculated resistance? 1.5 % 3 % 5 % 6 % 7 n experiment is done to measure the acceleration of free fall of a body from rest. Which measurements are needed? the height of fall and the time of fall the height of fall and the weight of the body the mass of the body and the height of fall the mass of the body and the time of fall ULES /1/M/J/6

7 8 The velocity of an object during the first five seconds of its motion is shown on the graph. 2 7 velocity / m s time / s What is the distance travelled by the object in this time? 4 m 2 m 5 m 1 m 9 The diagram shows a velocity-time graph for a mass moving up and down on the end of a spring. Which point represents the velocity of the mass when at the lowest point of its motion? velocity UP time OWN ULES /1/M/J/6 [Turn over

8 1 cyclist is riding at a steady speed on a level road. 8 ccording to Newton s third law of motion, what is equal and opposite to the backward push of the back wheel on the road? the force exerted by the cyclist on the pedals the forward push of the road on the back wheel the tension in the cycle chain the total air resistance and friction force 11 In perfectly elastic collisions between two atoms, it is always true to say that the initial speed of one atom will be the same as the final speed of the other atom. the relative speed of approach between the two atoms equals their relative speed of separation. the total momentum must be conserved, but a small amount of the total kinetic energy may be lost in the collision. whatever their initial states of motion, neither atom can be stationary after the collision. 12 Two railway trucks of masses m and 3m move towards each other in opposite directions with speeds 2v and v respectively. These trucks collide and stick together. What is the speed of the trucks after the collision? v 4 v 2 v 5v 4 13 The diagrams show three forces acting on a body. In which diagram is the body in equilibrium? ULES /1/M/J/6

9 9 14 force F is applied to a beam at a distance d from a pivot. The force acts at an angle θ to a line perpendicular to the beam. F pivot θ d Which combination will cause the largest turning effect about the pivot? F d θ large large large large large small small small large small large small 15 rigid uniform bar of length 2.4 m is pivoted horizontally at its mid-point..8 m.8 m 2 N 3 N Weights are hung from two points of the bar as shown in the diagram. To maintain horizontal equilibrium, a couple is applied to the bar. What is the torque and direction of this couple? 4 N m clockwise 4 N m anticlockwise 8 N m clockwise 8 N m anticlockwise 16 What is the internal energy of an object? It is the energy associated with the object s movement through space. It is the energy associated with the random movement of the molecules in the object. It is the energy due to the attractions between the molecules within the object. It is the sum of all the microscopic potential and kinetic energies of the molecules. ULES /1/M/J/6 [Turn over

10 17 motorist travelling at 1 m s 1 can bring his car to rest in a braking distance of 1 m. 1 In what distance could he bring the car to rest from a speed of 3 m s 1 using the same braking force? 17 m 3 m 52 m 9 m 18 stone of weight 4. N in the Earth s gravitational field is moved from P to Q and then to R along the path shown. Q 4 m R 3 m 5 m P Earth's surface How much potential energy does the stone gain? 12 J 2 J 28 J 12 J 19 elow are four short paragraphs describing the molecules in a beaker of water at 5 o. Which paragraph correctly describes the molecules? The molecules all travel at the same speed. This speed is not large enough for any of the molecules to leave the surface of the water. There are attractive forces between the molecules. The molecules have a range of speeds. Some molecules travel sufficiently fast to leave the surface of the water. There are no forces between the molecules. The molecules have a range of speeds. Some molecules travel sufficiently fast to leave the surface of the water. There are attractive forces between the molecules. The molecules have a range of speeds. The fastest molecules are unable to leave the surface of the water. There are attractive forces between the molecules. ULES /1/M/J/6

11 11 2 In an experiment to demonstrate rownian motion, smoke particles in a container are illuminated by a strong light source and observed through a microscope. The particles are seen as small specks of light that are in motion. What causes the rownian motion? collisions between the smoke particles and air molecules collisions between the smoke particles and the walls of the container convection currents within the air as it is warmed by the light source kinetic energy gained by the smoke particles on absorption of light 21 In describing the behaviour of a spring, the spring constant is used. ifferent loads are used to extend the spring by different amounts. To find the spring constant, which quantities are required? the elastic limit and the loads the elastic limit, extensions and the length of the spring the loads and the extensions of the spring the loads and the length of the spring 22 The graph shows the behaviour of a sample of a metal when it is stretched until it starts to undergo plastic deformation. force / N 55 5 X Y extension / mm What is the total work done in stretching the sample from zero extension to 12. mm? Simplify the calculation by treating the region XY as a straight line. 3.3 J 3.55 J 3.6 J 6.6 J ULES /1/M/J/6 [Turn over

12 23 Which phenomenon is associated with transverse waves but not longitudinal waves? 12 polarisation reflection refraction superposition 24 displacement-time graph is shown for a particular wave. displacement time second wave of similar type has twice the intensity and half the frequency. When drawn on the same axes, what would the second wave look like? displacement displacement time time displacement displacement time time 25 The frequency of a certain wave is 5 Hz and its speed is 34 m s 1. What is the phase difference between the motions of two points on the wave.17 m apart? π rad π rad 3 π rad π rad ULES /1/M/J/6

13 26 Where, in a standing wave, do the vibrations of the medium occur? 13 only at the nodes only at the antinodes at all points between the nodes at all points between the antinodes 27 Monochromatic light is incident on a diffraction grating and a diffraction pattern is observed. Which line of the table gives the effect of replacing the grating with one that has more lines per metre? number of orders of diffraction visible angle between first and second orders of diffraction decreases decreases decreases increases increases decreases increases increases 28 double-slit interference experiment is set up as shown. * red light source single slit double slit screen not to scale Fringes are formed on the screen. The distance between successive bright fringes is found to be 4 mm. Two changes are then made to the experimental arrangement. The double slit is replaced by another double slit which has half the spacing. The screen is moved so that its distance from the double slit is twice as great. What is now the distance between successive bright fringes? 1 mm 4 mm 8 mm 16 mm ULES /1/M/J/6 [Turn over

14 29 Two parallel metal plates are at potentials of +8 V and +13 V. Which diagram best shows the electric field between the metal plates? V +13 V +8 V +13 V +8 V +13 V +8 V +13 V 3 n electron of charge e is introduced between two metal plates a distance d apart. potential difference V is applied to the plates as shown in the diagram. d F electron V Which expression gives the electric force F on the electron? ev d evd V ed dv e ULES /1/M/J/6

15 15 31 The current in the circuit is 4.8. R X Y What is the rate of flow and the direction of flow of electrons through the resistor R? s 1 in direction X to Y s 1 in direction X to Y s 1 in direction Y to X s 1 in direction Y to X 32 Which equation is used to define resistance? energy = (current) 2 resistance time potential difference = current resistance power = (current) 2 resistance resistivity = resistance area length 33 p.d. of 12 V is connected between P and Q. 5 Ω X 1 Ω P Q 2 Ω Y 1 Ω What is the p.d. between X and Y? V 4 V 6 V 8 V ULES /1/M/J/6 [Turn over

16 34 The diagram shows a low-voltage circuit for heating the water in a fish tank. 16 source heater The heater has a resistance of 3. Ω. The voltage source has an e.m.f. of 12 V and an internal resistance of 1. Ω. t what rate does the voltage source supply energy to the heater? 27 W 36 W 48 W 64 W 35 The diagram shows an arrangement of resistors. X 1 Ω 1 Ω 1 Ω Y 1 Ω What is the total electrical resistance between X and Y? less than 1 Ω between 1 Ω and 1 Ω between 1 Ω and 3 Ω 4 Ω ULES /1/M/J/6

17 17 36 When four identical lamps P, Q, R and S are connected as shown in diagram 1, they have normal brightness. P Q P Q R S R S diagram 1 diagram 2 The four lamps and the battery are then connected as shown in diagram 2. Which statement is correct? The lamps do not light. The lamps are less bright than normal. The lamps have normal brightness. The lamps are brighter than normal. 37 The diagram shows a light-dependent resistor (LR) and a thermistor forming a potential divider. + Under which set of conditions will the potential difference across the thermistor have the greatest value? illumination temperature low low high low low high high high ULES /1/M/J/6 [Turn over

18 38 What is a correct order of magnitude estimate for the diameter of a typical atomic nucleus? 1 14 m 1 18 m 1 22 m 1 26 m The decay of a nucleus of neptunium is accompanied by the emission of a β-particle and γ-radiation. What effect (if any) does this decay have on the proton number and the nucleon number of the nucleus? proton number nucleon number increases decreases decreases increases unchanged decreases increases unchanged 4 Radon-22 is radioactive and decays to Polonium-216 with the emission of an α-particle. The equation for the radioactive decay is shown. 22 Rn Po + 2 He How many neutrons are in the radon and polonium nuclei? 4 Rn Po ULES /1/M/J/6

19 19 LNK PGE 972/1/M/J/6

20 2 LNK PGE Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (ULES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. University of ambridge International Examinations is part of the University of ambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (ULES), which is itself a department of the University of ambridge. 972/1/M/J/6

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Advanced Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level

UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Advanced Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level *1945541248* UNIVERSITY OF MRIGE INTERNTIONL EXMINTIONS General ertificate of Education dvanced Subsidiary Level and dvanced Level PHYSIS 972/1 Paper 1 Multiple hoice October/November 27 dditional Materials: