Mechanism of fusion reactions for superheavy elements Kouichi Hagino
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1 Mechanism of fusion reactions for superheavy elements Kouichi Hagino Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan 1. Heavy-ion fusion reactions for superheavy elements 2. Towards Z=119 and 120: role of a target deformation 3. Summary and discussions The 5 th joint meeting of the APS-DNP and JPS, Oct , 2018, Kona, Hawaii, USA
2 Fusion reactions for SHE the island of stability around Z=114, N=184 W.D. Myers and W.J. Swiatecki (1966), A. Sobiczewski et al. (1966) fusion reaction November, 2016
3 Fusion for superheavy elements Compound nucleus re-separation (quasi-fission) fission evaporation residue experimentally indistinguishable
4 2-body potential 1-body potential E P cap : quantum mechanics compound nucleus thermal fluctuation heat up re-separation
5 Fusion for superheavy elements ER formation : a very rare process large theoretical uncertainties no data for σ CN P CN x W suv only? P CN W suv no separation evaporation residues a big challenge: to reduce theoretical uncertainties and make reliable predictions
6 Future directions Towards Z=119 and 120 SHE synthesized so far Towards the 180 island 185 Theoretical issues: Reaction dynamics Reliable predictions for cross sections the island of stability?
7 Synthesis of Z=119 and 120 with hot fusion reactions (Pb based) cold fusion (Ca based) hot fusion hot fusion: 48 Ca + actinide nucleus Dubna: 48 Ca Cf (β 2 = 0.235) 297-x Og (Z=118) + xn role of nuclear deformation? Z=119, 120: 48 Ca 50 22Ti, 51 23V, 54 24Cr How much will cross sections be altered? (still an open question)
8 Role of deformation: Barrier distribution measurement with GARIS 48 Ca Cm Lv * E = V b single-ch. calculation T.Tanaka et al., JPSJ87 ( 18) B.D. cf. Tanaka s talk on Sat. K.H. and N. Rowley, PRC69 ('04) a distribution of the barrier heights due to channel coupling effects
9 Coupled-channels calculations (T. Tanaka and K.H.) 48 Ca Cm Lv * T.Tanaka et al., JPSJ87 ( 18) the next question: 248 Cm deformation 48 Ca (oct. vib.) 1n transfer B.D.?
10 Connection to the ER cross sections 48 Ca Cm Lv * notion of compactness: D.J. Hinde et al., PRL74 ( 95) 1295 = more compact at the touching favorable for CN V fiss (s) V s sd s inj s
11 Connection to the ER cross sections 48 Ca Cm Lv * notion of compactness: D.J. Hinde et al., PRL74 ( 95) 1295 = more compact at the touching favorable for CN V fiss (s) s sd s inj s
12 Connection to the ER cross sections 48 Ca Cm Lv * fusion-by-diffusion model K.H., PRC98 ( 18) T.Tanaka et al., JPSJ87 ( 18)
13 A more challenging problem? heat up disappearance of quantum effects (shell effect and deformation) quantum theory for friction
14 Quantum friction classical eq. of motion a quantization: Kanai model E. Kanai, PTP 3 (1948) 440 time-dep. wave packet approach E=5 MeV M. Tokieda and K.H., PRC95 ( 17) Tokieda s talk on Saturday (Nuclear Reactions-1)
15 A related problem hot fusion reaction: Ca Es V Cm etc. not available with sufficient amount how much will fusion cross sections be influenced?
16 TDHF+Langevin approach K. Sekizawa, Y. Aritomo, and K.H., a work in progress the distance of closest approach estimated with TDHF: V fiss (s) preliminary s sd R min R input to Langevin calculations comparison between 48 Ca- and 51 V-induced reations (on going)
17 Summary Reaction dynamics for SHE formation reactions Recent measurement of barrier distributions with GARIS 48 Ca Cm coupled-channels analysis notion of compactness: ER formation with side collisions more data coming soon Open problems reaction dynamics? quantum theory for friction shape evolution with a deformed target? how does the deformation disappear during heat-up? towards island of stability cf. T. Tanaka s talk on Saturday (Nuclear Reactions -1)
18 Towards the island of stability neutron-rich beams: indispensable reaction dynamics with neutron-rich beams? more studies are needed K.-S. Choi, M.-K. Cheoun, W.Y. So, K.H., and K.S. Kim, PLB780 ( 18) 455.
19 SHE as an interdisciplinary sicence formation of SHE chemistry of SHE the origin of (S)HE heavy-ion fusion reactions r-process nucleosynthesis fission SHE: quantum many-body systems with a strong Coulomb field comprehensive understanding of SHE
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