acceleration weight load

Transcription

1 Instructions for Vocabulary Cards: Please photocopy the following pages onto heavy card stock (back to back, so the word is printed on the back side of the matching definition). Then, laminate each page. Cut each page into four flash cards. acceleration These 56 vocabulary cards are part of a SCIENCE unit. Please keep this set in: load weight

2 An object that a lever moves The rate at which the speed or direction of motion of an object changes over time. Acceleration Air Resistance Attraction Balanced Force Centripetal Force Claw Hammer Contact Force Crowbar Effort Arm Fluid Friction Force Free Fall Friction Fulcrum Gravity Inclined plane Inertia Joule Kinetic Energy Ladder Lever Load Machines Mass Momentum Net Force Newton Newtonʼs Third Law of Motion Non-contact Force Potential Energy Projectile Projectile Motion Pulley Push/thrust Repel Resistance Arm Rolling Friction Screw Simple Machine Sliding Friction Spade Speed Staircase Static Friction Terminal velocity Unbalanced Forces Velocity Wedge Weight Wheel and Axle Wheelbarrow Winding Road Work A measure of the gravitational force (pull) exerted on an object

3 gravity balanced force inertia contact force

4 The tendency of an object to resist any change in motion. A force that requires two pieces of matter to touch The attraction between two masses, such as the earth and an object on its surface A pull toward the center of the earth Forces that are equal in size but opposite in direction.

5 non-contact force force friction attraction

6 The force that results when two materials rub against each other or when their contact prevents sliding (heat is a result of this). It opposes motion. Magnetic force that pulls objects toward each other A force that acts at a distance A push or pull that acts on an object.

7 repel unbalanced forces speed mass

8 The distance traveled by an object in a given amount of time The amount of matter in an object To force away or apart Forces that are unequal in size and may or may not be opposite in direction.

9 work projectile centripetal force free fall

10 A force that causes an object to move in a circle The motion of a falling object when the only force acting on it is gravity Done when force is used on a stationary object The transfer of energy from one object to another, especially in order to make the second object move in a certain direction An object that is thrown

11 Joule machines velocity push/thrust

12 The speed that something moves at in one direction The force acting in direction of motion Standard unit of work ramps, levers, pulleys

13 fulcrum effort arm simple machine lever

14 A machine with few moving parts, making it easier to do work (There are 6: lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, wedge, and screw) A lever is a stiff bar that rests on a support called a fulcrum which lifts or moves loads. Ex: hammer, crow bar The pivot about which a lever turns The part of a lever on which an effort force is applied

15 resistance arm wheel and axle pulley wedge

16 A simple machine that consists of a rope that fits into a groove in a wheel (changes the direction of the force). Ex: crane, flag pole, clothesline Simple machine used to push 2 objects apart. A wedge is made up of 2 inclined planes. These planes meet and form a sharp edge that can split things apart. Examples: nail, fork, knife, axes The part of a lever that exerts the resistance force (the side you try to lift). Simple machine made from two circular objects of different diameters that are attached and rotate together Wheel and Axle- an axle is a rod that goes through the wheel. This lets the wheel turn. It is easier to move things from place to place. Examples: cars, roller skates, wagons, doorknobs, gears

17 screw potential energy Newton's Third Law of Motion kinetic energy

18 For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction The energy that an object has as a result of moving Simple machine made from another simple machine. It is actually an inclined plane that winds around a nail. Some are used to lower and raise things. Others are used to hold things together. Energy that is stored and held in readiness Examples: jar lids, light bulbs, stools, clamps, key ring

19 newton sliding friction net force static friction

20 The overall force acting upon an object after all forces are combined The friction force that acts on objects that are not moving (N) the unit for measuring force A force that opposes the direction of motion of an object as it slides over a surface

21 rolling friction air resistance fluid friction terminal velocity

22 The force that opposes the motion of an object through a fluid The constant velocity of a falling object when the force of air resistance equals the force of gravity The friction force that acts on rolling objects The opposite of gravity, it is an upward force that acts upon falling objects

23 projectile motion momentum inclined acceleration plane

24 Flat surface that is higher on one end. You can use this machine to move an object to a lower of higher place making work of moving things easier. The increase in speed of a moving object Examples: ramp, slanted road, slide, path up a hill The curved path of a falling object after an initial forward velocity It is harder to stop a moving train than a moving car because the greater the mass, the more the.

25 Think About This: What would happen if. A book is left on the desk. What forces are acting on the book? Think About This: Think About This: What are the advantages in using simple machines? A simple machine never changes the amount of work done. What does a simple machine change?

26 All the work of the world is merely a taking advantage of energies already there. Author: Henry Drummond (Already created by God!) Think About This: Can an objectʼs acceleration be a negative number? Why or why not? Think About This: Think About This: An avocado is falling from a tree. What forces are acting on the avocado? If two crates, one heavy and one light, are at rest on a waxed floor, which crate will need a greater force to provide the same acceleration?

27 Friction helps your shoes grip the floor so that you do not slip. Friction is the force that makes a bicycle move, too. It causes the wheels and the ground to push against each other. Without friction, it would be too slippery for a bike to start or stop. Write a report that explains how friction helps a bicycle stop moving. To write your report, you will need to research bicycle brakes. Here are some questions to guide your research: What is friction? What are some different types of bicycle brakes? What happens when you squeeze a bicycle's brake lever? How does friction help a bicycle stop moving?