Crump Mode Jagers processes with neutral Poissonian mutations
|
|
- Kathryn Payne
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Crump Mode Jagers processes with neutral Poissonian mutations Nicolas Champagnat 1 Amaury Lambert 2 1 INRIA Nancy, équipe TOSCA 2 UPMC Univ Paris 06, Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires Paris, le 15 septembre 2011
2 Branching processes with mutations Yule (1924) = pure-birth process, species and genera Griffiths & Pakes (1988) = Galton Watson tree and independent mutations with fixed probability Taïb (1992) = general branching process, mutation at birth Abraham & Delmas (2007) = continuous-state branching processes, all mutants have the same type Bertoin (2009, 2010, 2011) = Galton Watson, allelic partition of total descendance Sagitov & Serra (2009, 2011) = waiting time to n-th mutation
3 Splitting tree in forward time (Geiger & Kersting 97) We consider an asexual population where t individuals reproduce independently have i.i.d. lifetime durations during which they give birth at constant rate b The population size process (N t ;t 0) is a non-markovian branching process called (homogeneous, binary) Crump Mode Jagers process.
4 Representation in backward time (1) Starting from one single individual, the subtree spanned by the individuals alive at time t can be represented as follows... t H 1 H 3 H 4 4 H 2...where the times H 1,H 2,H 3... are called coalescence times.
5 Representation in backward time (2) One can again represent this subtree... like this......or like that t H 1 H 3 H 4 H 1 H 3 H 4 H 2 H 2...And in each case, the coalescence times characterize the subtree.
6 Contour of a splitting tree A splitting tree and the (jumping) contour process of its truncation below time t. a) t b) t
7 First result Theorem (L. (2010)) The (jumping) contour of a (truncated) splitting tree is a strong Markov process. As a consequence, the coalescence times H 1,H 2,H 3... of the splitting tree form a sequence of i.i.d. positive random variables killed at its first value larger than t. There is a positive increasing function W such that W(0) = 1 and P(H > x) = 1 W(x). The sequence (H 1,H 2,...) is called a coalescent point-process.
8 Coalescent point process Generally, a coalescent point process is the genealogy generated by a sequence of arbitrary i.i.d. positive r.v. as below. In that case, we will define W(x) as 1/P(H > x)
9 Precision Two objects : splitting trees and coalescent point processes ; Results at fixed times are valid for coalescent point processes (more general than splitting trees) ; Asymptotic (t ) results are valid for supercritical splitting trees.
10 Assumptions on the mutation scheme Now conditional on the genealogy, point mutations occur randomly. 1 mutations occur at constant rate θ during lifetimes, or equivalently, on branch lengths of the coalescent point process 2 mutations are neutral : they have no effect on the genealogy (birth rate, lifetimes...) 3 each mutation yields a new type, called allele, to its carrier (infinitely-many alleles model) 4 types are inherited by the offspring born after this mutation and before the next one.
11 Mutation at rate θ N = 9 alive individuals shared out in 6 types : 4 types of abundance 1, 2 types of abundance 2, and 1 type of abundance 3. a a c f c c d e b f e a c d b
12 Frequency spectrum For a total population of N individuals, we adopt the following condensed notation : A = # distinct types in the population A(k) = # types represented by k individuals so that... A(k) = A and ka(k) = N k 1 k 1 (A(k);k 1) = «frequency spectrum».
13 Clonal splitting trees (1) the genalogy of clonal individuals is a splitting tree with (birth rate b and) lifetime duration distributed as V θ := min(v,e), where E is an exponential variable with parameter θ independent of V. to a clonal splitting tree is associated a clonal coalescent point process with i.i.d. branch lengths H1 θ,hθ 2,... whose inverse of the tail distribution is denoted by W θ P(H θ > s) =: 1 W θ (s).
14 Clonal splitting trees (2) Proposition (L. (2009)) In the case of a coalescent point process with branch lengths H 1,H 2,..., we can define H θ as max(h 1,...,H B θ ), where B θ is the index of first virgin lineage (i.e., carrying no mutation since it has split from ancestral lineage 0). In both cases, the scale function W θ associated with clonal trees is related to W via with W θ (0) = 1. W θ (x) = e θx W (x) x 0,
15 Virgin lineage Below, the index of the first virgin lineage is 8 a 0 c 1 c 2 c 3 b 4 b 5 d 6 d 7 a 8 e a 9 10 c b d e B θ H θ a
16 Clonal coalescent point process (1) lineage last first virgin lineage i a a a not carrying a y + dy a Goal. Compute the number of alleles of age in (y,y + dy) and carried by k alive individuals at time t, jointly with N t.
17 Clonal coalescent point process (2) lineage i H θ 1 B θ 1 last first virgin lineage a a a not carrying a H θ 2 B θ 2 B θ 3 H θ 4 y + dy a Goal. Compute the number of alleles of age in (y,y + dy) and carried by k alive individuals at time t, jointly with N t.
18 Finer result on clonal coalescent point process (1) B θ i = distances between consecutive virgin lineages Hi θ = max of branch lengths between consecutive virgin lineages = (B θ i,hθ i ) are i.i.d. Bθ 1 B θ 2 Bθ 3 Bθ 4 Bθ 5 B θ 6 Bθ 7 a a a a H3 θ a a a H θ 5 a a
19 Finer result on clonal coalescent point process (2) We are interested in the joint law of H θ and B θ. Set W θ (x,s) := 1 1 E(s Bθ,H θ x) x 0,s [0,1]. In particular, W θ (x,1) = W θ (x). Theorem (Champagnat & L. 2010) We have x W θ (x,s) = e θx W(x,s) x 0, x with W θ (0,γ) = 1, where W(x,s) := In particular, W(x, 1) = W(x). 1 1 sp(h x).
20 Expected frequency spectrum Recall N t is the population size at time t. Theorem (Champagnat & L. 2010) If A(k,t,dy) denotes the number of alleles of age in (y,y + dy) and carried by k alive individuals at time t, then E ( s N t 1 A(k,t,dy) N t 0 ) = θ dy W(t;s)2 W(t) e θy ( ) 1 k 1 W θ (y;s) 2 1 W θ (y;s)
21 Random characteristics for any individual i in the population, let σ i be her birth time, and let χ i (t σ i ) be a random characteristic of i examples : number of descendants of i, indicator of alive descendants of i, of alive clonal descendants of i... t units of time after her birth (χ i (t σ i ) = 0 if t < σ i ) the process Zt χ := i χ i (t σ i ) is a branching process counted by random characteristic, as defined by Jagers (74) and Jagers-Nerman (84a, 84b) under suitable conditions, in the supercritical case, ratios of the branching process counted by different random characteristics converge a.s. on the survival event to a deterministic limit.
22 Almost sure convergence, small families For any k 1 and 0 a < b, b U k (a,b) := θ dy a e θy ( W θ (y) ) k 1 W θ (y) Thanks to the theory of random characteristics, we get Theorem (Champagnat & L. 2010) If A(k,t;a,b) denotes the number of alleles of age in (a,b) carried by k alive individuals at time t, then on the survival event, A(k,t;a,b) lim = U k (a,b) a.s. t N t
23 Preliminary remark We consider a supercritical splitting tree with Malthusian parameter α, so that N t increases like e αt. Since θ is an additional death rate for clonal families, Clonal families are supercritical if α > θ critical if α = θ subcritical if α < θ.
24 We define Notation M t (x;a,b)= number of families of size x and of age in [a,b] b M t (x;a,b) := A(k,t,dy) k x a L t (x)= number of families of size x L t (x) := M t (x;0, ) O t (a)= number of families of age a O t (a) := M t (0;a, ). Goal. Find x t such that E L t (x t ) = O(1) and a t such that E O t (a t ) = O(1), as t.
25 Case α > θ Assume α > θ. Proposition (Champagnat & L. 2011) For any c > 0 and a < b, ) E M t (ce (α θ)t ;t b,t a = O(1), so that largest families have sizes cn 1 θ/α and are also the oldest ones (born at times O(1)).
26 Case α < θ : largest families Assume α < θ and set β := θ/(θ α). Proposition (Champagnat & L. 2011) For some other explicit constant b, set x t := b(αt β log(t)). Then for any c ( E L t (x t + c) E M t x t + c;(1 ε) log(t) ) log(t),(1 + ε) = O(1), θ α θ α so that largest families have sizes b(log(n) β log(logn)) + c and they all have age log(t) θ α.
27 Case α < θ : oldest families Assume (again) α < θ and set γ := α/θ < 1. Proposition (Champagnat & L. 2011) For any a, E O t (γt + b) = O(1), and for any y t, E M t (y t ;γt + a, ) = 0 so that oldest families have ages γt + a and tight sizes.
28 Convergence in distribution (1) Take the coalescent point process at time t, choose s t such that s t, and set N t s t := number of subtrees (T i ) grafted on branch lengths s t s t T T 2 1 T N t s t N t s t t s t
29 Set X (k) t Convergence in distribution (2) := size of the k-th largest family in the whole population Y i := size of the largest family in subtree T i. When α θ, we can define { log(t) / (θ α) if α < θ s t := t / 2 if α = θ satisfying N t s t (X (1) t,...,x (k) )= first k order statistics of {Y 1,...,Y N } W.H.P. t s t t P(Y x t + c) = P(L st (x t + c) 1) E(L st (x t + c)).
30 Convergence in distribution (3) The same results hold with A (k) t := age of the k-th oldest family in the whole population Y i := age of the oldest family in subtree T i, and { s t := αt / θ if α < θ t log(t) / α if α = θ.
31 Assume α < θ. Convergence in distribution (4) Theorem (Champagnat & L. 2011) There are some explicit constants u,c, such that 1 lim t P(X(1) t < b(αt β log(t)) + k) = 1 + u.c k. More specifically, along some subsequence, (X (k) t b(αt β log(t));k 1) converge (fdd) to the (ranked) atoms of a mixed Poisson point measure with intensity where E is some exponential r.v. E c j δ j, j Z
32 Convergence in distribution (5) Assume again α < θ. Theorem (Champagnat & L. 2011) There is some explicit constant v > 0 such that 1 lim t P(A(1) t < (αt / θ) + a) = 1 + v.e θa. More specifically, (A (k) t (αt / θ);k 1) converge (fdd) to the (ranked) atoms of a mixed Poisson point measure with intensity where E is some exponential r.v. E e θa da,
33 Acknowledgements Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires UPMC Univ Paris 06 ANR MANEGE (Modèles Aléatoires en Écologie, Génétique, Évolution)...et merci de votre patience.
From Individual-based Population Models to Lineage-based Models of Phylogenies
From Individual-based Population Models to Lineage-based Models of Phylogenies Amaury Lambert (joint works with G. Achaz, H.K. Alexander, R.S. Etienne, N. Lartillot, H. Morlon, T.L. Parsons, T. Stadler)
More informationThe Contour Process of Crump-Mode-Jagers Branching Processes
The Contour Process of Crump-Mode-Jagers Branching Processes Emmanuel Schertzer (LPMA Paris 6), with Florian Simatos (ISAE Toulouse) June 24, 2015 Crump-Mode-Jagers trees Crump Mode Jagers (CMJ) branching
More informationDynamics of the evolving Bolthausen-Sznitman coalescent. by Jason Schweinsberg University of California at San Diego.
Dynamics of the evolving Bolthausen-Sznitman coalescent by Jason Schweinsberg University of California at San Diego Outline of Talk 1. The Moran model and Kingman s coalescent 2. The evolving Kingman s
More informationRandom trees and branching processes
Random trees and branching processes Svante Janson IMS Medallion Lecture 12 th Vilnius Conference and 2018 IMS Annual Meeting Vilnius, 5 July, 2018 Part I. Galton Watson trees Let ξ be a random variable
More informationarxiv: v1 [math.pr] 29 Jul 2014
Sample genealogy and mutational patterns for critical branching populations Guillaume Achaz,2,3 Cécile Delaporte 3,4 Amaury Lambert 3,4 arxiv:47.772v [math.pr] 29 Jul 24 Abstract We study a universal object
More informationYaglom-type limit theorems for branching Brownian motion with absorption. by Jason Schweinsberg University of California San Diego
Yaglom-type limit theorems for branching Brownian motion with absorption by Jason Schweinsberg University of California San Diego (with Julien Berestycki, Nathanaël Berestycki, Pascal Maillard) Outline
More informationIntroduction to self-similar growth-fragmentations
Introduction to self-similar growth-fragmentations Quan Shi CIMAT, 11-15 December, 2017 Quan Shi Growth-Fragmentations CIMAT, 11-15 December, 2017 1 / 34 Literature Jean Bertoin, Compensated fragmentation
More informationThe genealogy of branching Brownian motion with absorption. by Jason Schweinsberg University of California at San Diego
The genealogy of branching Brownian motion with absorption by Jason Schweinsberg University of California at San Diego (joint work with Julien Berestycki and Nathanaël Berestycki) Outline 1. A population
More informationThe range of tree-indexed random walk
The range of tree-indexed random walk Jean-François Le Gall, Shen Lin Institut universitaire de France et Université Paris-Sud Orsay Erdös Centennial Conference July 2013 Jean-François Le Gall (Université
More informationAlmost sure asymptotics for the random binary search tree
AofA 10 DMTCS proc. AM, 2010, 565 576 Almost sure asymptotics for the rom binary search tree Matthew I. Roberts Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires, Université Paris VI Case courrier 188,
More informationLinear-fractional branching processes with countably many types
Branching processes and and their applications Badajoz, April 11-13, 2012 Serik Sagitov Chalmers University and University of Gothenburg Linear-fractional branching processes with countably many types
More informationTHE x log x CONDITION FOR GENERAL BRANCHING PROCESSES
J. Appl. Prob. 35, 537 544 (1998) Printed in Israel Applied Probability Trust 1998 THE x log x CONDITION FOR GENERAL BRANCHING PROCESSES PETER OLOFSSON, Rice University Abstract The x log x condition is
More informationSplitting trees with neutral Poissonian mutations I: Small families.
Splitting trees with neutral Poissonian mutations I: Small families. Nicolas Champagnat,AmauryLambert 2 August 7, 2 Abstract We consider a neutral dynamical model of biological diversity, where individuals
More informationBranching Processes II: Convergence of critical branching to Feller s CSB
Chapter 4 Branching Processes II: Convergence of critical branching to Feller s CSB Figure 4.1: Feller 4.1 Birth and Death Processes 4.1.1 Linear birth and death processes Branching processes can be studied
More information1 Informal definition of a C-M-J process
(Very rough) 1 notes on C-M-J processes Andreas E. Kyprianou, Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY. C-M-J processes are short for Crump-Mode-Jagers processes
More informationTime Reversal Dualities for some Random Forests
ALEA, Lat. Am. J. Probab. Math. Stat. 12 1, 399 426 215 Time Reversal Dualities for some Random Forests Miraine Dávila Felipe and Amaury Lambert UMR 7599, Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires,
More informationBRANCHING PROCESSES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS: Lecture 15: Crump-Mode-Jagers processes and queueing systems with processor sharing
BRANCHING PROCESSES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS: Lecture 5: Crump-Mode-Jagers processes and queueing systems with processor sharing June 7, 5 Crump-Mode-Jagers process counted by random characteristics We give
More informationFinite rooted tree. Each vertex v defines a subtree rooted at v. Picking v at random (uniformly) gives the random fringe subtree.
Finite rooted tree. Each vertex v defines a subtree rooted at v. Picking v at random (uniformly) gives the random fringe subtree. 1 T = { finite rooted trees }, countable set. T n : random tree, size n.
More informationUPPER DEVIATIONS FOR SPLIT TIMES OF BRANCHING PROCESSES
Applied Probability Trust 7 May 22 UPPER DEVIATIONS FOR SPLIT TIMES OF BRANCHING PROCESSES HAMED AMINI, AND MARC LELARGE, ENS-INRIA Abstract Upper deviation results are obtained for the split time of a
More informationON THE COMPLETE LIFE CAREER OF POPULATIONS IN ENVIRONMENTS WITH A FINITE CARRYING CAPACITY. P. Jagers
Pliska Stud. Math. 24 (2015), 55 60 STUDIA MATHEMATICA ON THE COMPLETE LIFE CAREER OF POPULATIONS IN ENVIRONMENTS WITH A FINITE CARRYING CAPACITY P. Jagers If a general branching process evolves in a habitat
More informationFRINGE TREES, CRUMP MODE JAGERS BRANCHING PROCESSES AND m-ary SEARCH TREES
FRINGE TREES, CRUMP MODE JAGERS BRANCHING PROCESSES AND m-ary SEARCH TREES CECILIA HOLMGREN AND SVANTE JANSON Abstract. This survey studies asymptotics of random fringe trees and extended fringe trees
More informationON COMPOUND POISSON POPULATION MODELS
ON COMPOUND POISSON POPULATION MODELS Martin Möhle, University of Tübingen (joint work with Thierry Huillet, Université de Cergy-Pontoise) Workshop on Probability, Population Genetics and Evolution Centre
More informationModern Discrete Probability Branching processes
Modern Discrete Probability IV - Branching processes Review Sébastien Roch UW Madison Mathematics November 15, 2014 1 Basic definitions 2 3 4 Galton-Watson branching processes I Definition A Galton-Watson
More informationDecomposition of supercritical branching processes with countably many types
Pomorie 26 June 2012 Serik Sagitov and Altynay Shaimerdenova 20 slides Chalmers University and University of Gothenburg Al-Farabi Kazakh National University Decomposition of supercritical branching processes
More informationThe Λ-Fleming-Viot process and a connection with Wright-Fisher diffusion. Bob Griffiths University of Oxford
The Λ-Fleming-Viot process and a connection with Wright-Fisher diffusion Bob Griffiths University of Oxford A d-dimensional Λ-Fleming-Viot process {X(t)} t 0 representing frequencies of d types of individuals
More informationHow robust are the predictions of the W-F Model?
How robust are the predictions of the W-F Model? As simplistic as the Wright-Fisher model may be, it accurately describes the behavior of many other models incorporating additional complexity. Many population
More informationThe Combinatorial Interpretation of Formulas in Coalescent Theory
The Combinatorial Interpretation of Formulas in Coalescent Theory John L. Spouge National Center for Biotechnology Information NLM, NIH, DHHS spouge@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Bldg. A, Rm. N 0 NCBI, NLM, NIH Bethesda
More informationBranching Brownian motion seen from the tip
Branching Brownian motion seen from the tip J. Berestycki 1 1 Laboratoire de Probabilité et Modèles Aléatoires, UPMC, Paris 09/02/2011 Joint work with Elie Aidekon, Eric Brunet and Zhan Shi J Berestycki
More informationRW in dynamic random environment generated by the reversal of discrete time contact process
RW in dynamic random environment generated by the reversal of discrete time contact process Andrej Depperschmidt joint with Matthias Birkner, Jiří Černý and Nina Gantert Ulaanbaatar, 07/08/2015 Motivation
More informationPREPRINT 2007:25. Multitype Galton-Watson processes escaping extinction SERIK SAGITOV MARIA CONCEIÇÃO SERRA
PREPRINT 2007:25 Multitype Galton-Watson processes escaping extinction SERIK SAGITOV MARIA CONCEIÇÃO SERRA Department of Mathematical Sciences Division of Mathematical Statistics CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF
More informationWald Lecture 2 My Work in Genetics with Jason Schweinsbreg
Wald Lecture 2 My Work in Genetics with Jason Schweinsbreg Rick Durrett Rick Durrett (Cornell) Genetics with Jason 1 / 42 The Problem Given a population of size N, how long does it take until τ k the first
More informationThe nested Kingman coalescent: speed of coming down from infinity. by Jason Schweinsberg (University of California at San Diego)
The nested Kingman coalescent: speed of coming down from infinity by Jason Schweinsberg (University of California at San Diego) Joint work with: Airam Blancas Benítez (Goethe Universität Frankfurt) Tim
More informationBRANCHING PROCESSES 1. GALTON-WATSON PROCESSES
BRANCHING PROCESSES 1. GALTON-WATSON PROCESSES Galton-Watson processes were introduced by Francis Galton in 1889 as a simple mathematical model for the propagation of family names. They were reinvented
More informationPathwise construction of tree-valued Fleming-Viot processes
Pathwise construction of tree-valued Fleming-Viot processes Stephan Gufler November 9, 2018 arxiv:1404.3682v4 [math.pr] 27 Dec 2017 Abstract In a random complete and separable metric space that we call
More informationOn the age of a randomly picked individual in a linear birth and death process
On the age of a randomly picked individual in a linear birth and death process Fabian Kück, 2 and Dominic Schuhmacher,3 University of Göttingen September 7, 27 Abstract We consider the distribution of
More informationarxiv: v1 [math.pr] 4 Feb 2016
EXPLOSIVE CRUMP-MODE-JAGERS BRANCHING PROCESSES JÚLIA KOMJÁTHY arxiv:162.1657v1 [math.pr] 4 Feb 216 Abstract. In this paper we initiate the theory of Crump-Mode-Jagers branching processes BP) in the setting
More informationRecovery of a recessive allele in a Mendelian diploid model
Recovery of a recessive allele in a Mendelian diploid model Loren Coquille joint work with A. Bovier and R. Neukirch (University of Bonn) Young Women in Probability and Analysis 2016, Bonn Outline 1 Introduction
More informationWXML Final Report: Chinese Restaurant Process
WXML Final Report: Chinese Restaurant Process Dr. Noah Forman, Gerandy Brito, Alex Forney, Yiruey Chou, Chengning Li Spring 2017 1 Introduction The Chinese Restaurant Process (CRP) generates random partitions
More informationstochnotes Page 1
stochnotes110308 Page 1 Kolmogorov forward and backward equations and Poisson process Monday, November 03, 2008 11:58 AM How can we apply the Kolmogorov equations to calculate various statistics of interest?
More informationEndowed with an Extra Sense : Mathematics and Evolution
Endowed with an Extra Sense : Mathematics and Evolution Todd Parsons Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires - Université Pierre et Marie Curie Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology
More informationComputational Systems Biology: Biology X
Bud Mishra Room 1002, 715 Broadway, Courant Institute, NYU, New York, USA Human Population Genomics Outline 1 2 Damn the Human Genomes. Small initial populations; genes too distant; pestered with transposons;
More informationBranching within branching: a general model for host-parasite co-evolution
Branching within branching: a general model for host-parasite co-evolution Gerold Alsmeyer (joint work with Sören Gröttrup) May 15, 2017 Gerold Alsmeyer Host-parasite co-evolution 1 of 26 1 Model 2 The
More informationThe contour of splitting trees is a Lévy process
The contour of splitting trees is a Lévy process Amaury Lambert To cite this version: Amaury Lambert. The contour of splitting trees is a Lévy process. 29. HAL Id: hal-143174 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-143174v2
More informationan author's
an author's https://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/1878 Simatos, Florian and Schertzer, Emmanuel Height and contour processes of Crump-Mode-Jagers forests(i): general distribution and scaling limits in the case
More informationTwo viewpoints on measure valued processes
Two viewpoints on measure valued processes Olivier Hénard Université Paris-Est, Cermics Contents 1 The classical framework : from no particle to one particle 2 The lookdown framework : many particles.
More informationLecture 06 01/31/ Proofs for emergence of giant component
M375T/M396C: Topics in Complex Networks Spring 2013 Lecture 06 01/31/13 Lecturer: Ravi Srinivasan Scribe: Tianran Geng 6.1 Proofs for emergence of giant component We now sketch the main ideas underlying
More informationFinal Exam: Probability Theory (ANSWERS)
Final Exam: Probability Theory ANSWERS) IST Austria February 015 10:00-1:30) Instructions: i) This is a closed book exam ii) You have to justify your answers Unjustified results even if correct will not
More informationarxiv: v2 [math.pr] 18 Oct 2018
A probabilistic model for interfaces in a martensitic phase transition P. Cesana 1 and B.M. Hambly October 19, 018 arxiv:1810.04380v [math.pr] 18 Oct 018 Abstract We analyse features of the patterns formed
More informationAdaptive dynamics in an individual-based, multi-resource chemostat model
Adaptive dynamics in an individual-based, multi-resource chemostat model Nicolas Champagnat (INRIA Nancy) Pierre-Emmanuel Jabin (Univ. Maryland) Sylvie Méléard (Ecole Polytechnique) 6th European Congress
More informationErdős-Renyi random graphs basics
Erdős-Renyi random graphs basics Nathanaël Berestycki U.B.C. - class on percolation We take n vertices and a number p = p(n) with < p < 1. Let G(n, p(n)) be the graph such that there is an edge between
More informationA simple branching process approach to the phase transition in G n,p
A simple branching process approach to the phase transition in G n,p Béla Bollobás Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WB, UK b.bollobas@dpmms.cam.ac.uk
More informationProblems on Evolutionary dynamics
Problems on Evolutionary dynamics Doctoral Programme in Physics José A. Cuesta Lausanne, June 10 13, 2014 Replication 1. Consider the Galton-Watson process defined by the offspring distribution p 0 =
More information6 Introduction to Population Genetics
70 Grundlagen der Bioinformatik, SoSe 11, D. Huson, May 19, 2011 6 Introduction to Population Genetics This chapter is based on: J. Hein, M.H. Schierup and C. Wuif, Gene genealogies, variation and evolution,
More informationMean-field dual of cooperative reproduction
The mean-field dual of systems with cooperative reproduction joint with Tibor Mach (Prague) A. Sturm (Göttingen) Friday, July 6th, 2018 Poisson construction of Markov processes Let (X t ) t 0 be a continuous-time
More informationLearning Session on Genealogies of Interacting Particle Systems
Learning Session on Genealogies of Interacting Particle Systems A.Depperschmidt, A.Greven University Erlangen-Nuremberg Singapore, 31 July - 4 August 2017 Tree-valued Markov processes Contents 1 Introduction
More informationEvolution in a spatial continuum
Evolution in a spatial continuum Drift, draft and structure Alison Etheridge University of Oxford Joint work with Nick Barton (Edinburgh) and Tom Kurtz (Wisconsin) New York, Sept. 2007 p.1 Kingman s Coalescent
More informationThe Wright-Fisher Model and Genetic Drift
The Wright-Fisher Model and Genetic Drift January 22, 2015 1 1 Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Our goal is to understand the dynamics of allele and genotype frequencies in an infinite, randomlymating population
More informationResistance Growth of Branching Random Networks
Peking University Oct.25, 2018, Chengdu Joint work with Yueyun Hu (U. Paris 13) and Shen Lin (U. Paris 6), supported by NSFC Grant No. 11528101 (2016-2017) for Research Cooperation with Oversea Investigators
More informationRecent results on branching Brownian motion on the positive real axis. Pascal Maillard (Université Paris-Sud (soon Paris-Saclay))
Recent results on branching Brownian motion on the positive real axis Pascal Maillard (Université Paris-Sud (soon Paris-Saclay)) CMAP, Ecole Polytechnique, May 18 2017 Pascal Maillard Branching Brownian
More informationLogFeller et Ray Knight
LogFeller et Ray Knight Etienne Pardoux joint work with V. Le and A. Wakolbinger Etienne Pardoux (Marseille) MANEGE, 18/1/1 1 / 16 Feller s branching diffusion with logistic growth We consider the diffusion
More informationStochastic flows associated to coalescent processes
Stochastic flows associated to coalescent processes Jean Bertoin (1) and Jean-François Le Gall (2) (1) Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires and Institut universitaire de France, Université
More informationContinuous-state branching processes, extremal processes and super-individuals
Continuous-state branching processes, extremal processes and super-individuals Clément Foucart Université Paris 13 with Chunhua Ma Nankai University Workshop Berlin-Paris Berlin 02/11/2016 Introduction
More information6 Introduction to Population Genetics
Grundlagen der Bioinformatik, SoSe 14, D. Huson, May 18, 2014 67 6 Introduction to Population Genetics This chapter is based on: J. Hein, M.H. Schierup and C. Wuif, Gene genealogies, variation and evolution,
More informationprocess on the hierarchical group
Intertwining of Markov processes and the contact process on the hierarchical group April 27, 2010 Outline Intertwining of Markov processes Outline Intertwining of Markov processes First passage times of
More informationInfinite geodesics in hyperbolic random triangulations
Infinite geodesics in hyperbolic random triangulations Thomas Budzinski April 20, 2018 Abstract We study the structure of infinite geodesics in the Planar Stochastic Hyperbolic Triangulations T λ introduced
More informationDe los ejercicios de abajo (sacados del libro de Georgii, Stochastics) se proponen los siguientes:
Probabilidades y Estadística (M) Práctica 7 2 cuatrimestre 2018 Cadenas de Markov De los ejercicios de abajo (sacados del libro de Georgii, Stochastics) se proponen los siguientes: 6,2, 6,3, 6,7, 6,8,
More informationFirst order logic on Galton-Watson trees
First order logic on Galton-Watson trees Moumanti Podder Georgia Institute of Technology Joint work with Joel Spencer January 9, 2018 Mathematics Seminar, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 1 / 20
More informationBranching processes. Chapter Background Basic definitions
Chapter 5 Branching processes Branching processes arise naturally in the study of stochastic processes on trees and locally tree-like graphs. After a review of the basic extinction theory of branching
More informationGeneral Branching Processes and Cell Populations. Trinity University
General Branching Processes and Cell Populations Peter Trinity University Mathematics Department August 25, 2012 Bienaymé Galton Watson process, discrete time, synchronized generations General (Crump Mode
More informationPart IA Probability. Definitions. Based on lectures by R. Weber Notes taken by Dexter Chua. Lent 2015
Part IA Probability Definitions Based on lectures by R. Weber Notes taken by Dexter Chua Lent 2015 These notes are not endorsed by the lecturers, and I have modified them (often significantly) after lectures.
More informationLecture 18 : Ewens sampling formula
Lecture 8 : Ewens sampling formula MATH85K - Spring 00 Lecturer: Sebastien Roch References: [Dur08, Chapter.3]. Previous class In the previous lecture, we introduced Kingman s coalescent as a limit of
More informationA representation for the semigroup of a two-level Fleming Viot process in terms of the Kingman nested coalescent
A representation for the semigroup of a two-level Fleming Viot process in terms of the Kingman nested coalescent Airam Blancas June 11, 017 Abstract Simple nested coalescent were introduced in [1] to model
More informationNotes 20 : Tests of neutrality
Notes 0 : Tests of neutrality MATH 833 - Fall 01 Lecturer: Sebastien Roch References: [Dur08, Chapter ]. Recall: THM 0.1 (Watterson s estimator The estimator is unbiased for θ. Its variance is which converges
More informationItô s excursion theory and random trees
Itô s excursion theory and random trees Jean-François Le Gall January 3, 200 Abstract We explain how Itô s excursion theory can be used to understand the asymptotic behavior of large random trees. We provide
More informationANCESTRAL PROCESSES WITH SELECTION: BRANCHING AND MORAN MODELS
**************************************** BANACH CENTER PUBLICATIONS, VOLUME ** INSTITUTE OF MATHEMATICS Figure POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WARSZAWA 2* ANCESTRAL PROCESSES WITH SELECTION: BRANCHING AND MORAN
More informationThe mathematical challenge. Evolution in a spatial continuum. The mathematical challenge. Other recruits... The mathematical challenge
The mathematical challenge What is the relative importance of mutation, selection, random drift and population subdivision for standing genetic variation? Evolution in a spatial continuum Al lison Etheridge
More informationAdvanced School and Conference on Statistics and Applied Probability in Life Sciences. 24 September - 12 October, 2007
1863-5 Advanced School and Conference on Statistics and Applied Probability in Life Sciences 24 September - 12 October, 2007 Branching Processes and Population Dynamics Peter Jagers Chalmers University
More informationPart IA Probability. Theorems. Based on lectures by R. Weber Notes taken by Dexter Chua. Lent 2015
Part IA Probability Theorems Based on lectures by R. Weber Notes taken by Dexter Chua Lent 2015 These notes are not endorsed by the lecturers, and I have modified them (often significantly) after lectures.
More informationMouvement brownien branchant avec sélection
Mouvement brownien branchant avec sélection Soutenance de thèse de Pascal MAILLARD effectuée sous la direction de Zhan SHI Jury Brigitte CHAUVIN, Francis COMETS, Bernard DERRIDA, Yueyun HU, Andreas KYPRIANOU,
More informationQUEUEING FOR AN INFINITE BUS LINE AND AGING BRANCHING PROCESS
QUEUEING FOR AN INFINITE BUS LINE AND AGING BRANCHING PROCESS VINCENT BANSAYE & ALAIN CAMANES Abstract. We study a queueing system with Poisson arrivals on a bus line indexed by integers. The buses move
More informationA. Bovier () Branching Brownian motion: extremal process and ergodic theorems
Branching Brownian motion: extremal process and ergodic theorems Anton Bovier with Louis-Pierre Arguin and Nicola Kistler RCS&SM, Venezia, 06.05.2013 Plan 1 BBM 2 Maximum of BBM 3 The Lalley-Sellke conjecture
More informationDiscrete random structures whose limits are described by a PDE: 3 open problems
Discrete random structures whose limits are described by a PDE: 3 open problems David Aldous April 3, 2014 Much of my research has involved study of n limits of size n random structures. There are many
More informationSOLUTIONS IEOR 3106: Second Midterm Exam, Chapters 5-6, November 8, 2012
SOLUTIONS IEOR 3106: Second Midterm Exam, Chapters 5-6, November 8, 2012 This exam is closed book. YOU NEED TO SHOW YOUR WORK. Honor Code: Students are expected to behave honorably, following the accepted
More informationBudding Yeast, Branching Processes, and Generalized Fibonacci Numbers
Integre Technical Publishing Co., Inc. Mathematics Magazine 84:3 April 2, 211 11:36 a.m. olofsson.tex page 163 VOL. 84, NO. 3, JUNE 211 163 Budding Yeast, Branching Processes, and Generalized Fibonacci
More information14 Branching processes
4 BRANCHING PROCESSES 6 4 Branching processes In this chapter we will consider a rom model for population growth in the absence of spatial or any other resource constraints. So, consider a population of
More informationErgodic Theorems. Samy Tindel. Purdue University. Probability Theory 2 - MA 539. Taken from Probability: Theory and examples by R.
Ergodic Theorems Samy Tindel Purdue University Probability Theory 2 - MA 539 Taken from Probability: Theory and examples by R. Durrett Samy T. Ergodic theorems Probability Theory 1 / 92 Outline 1 Definitions
More informationCritical branching Brownian motion with absorption. by Jason Schweinsberg University of California at San Diego
Critical branching Brownian motion with absorption by Jason Schweinsberg University of California at San Diego (joint work with Julien Berestycki and Nathanaël Berestycki) Outline 1. Definition and motivation
More informationFrequency Spectra and Inference in Population Genetics
Frequency Spectra and Inference in Population Genetics Although coalescent models have come to play a central role in population genetics, there are some situations where genealogies may not lead to efficient
More informationRare Alleles and Selection
Theoretical Population Biology 59, 8796 (001) doi:10.1006tpbi.001.153, available online at http:www.idealibrary.com on Rare Alleles and Selection Carsten Wiuf Department of Statistics, University of Oxford,
More informationSolutions to Even-Numbered Exercises to accompany An Introduction to Population Genetics: Theory and Applications Rasmus Nielsen Montgomery Slatkin
Solutions to Even-Numbered Exercises to accompany An Introduction to Population Genetics: Theory and Applications Rasmus Nielsen Montgomery Slatkin CHAPTER 1 1.2 The expected homozygosity, given allele
More informationHomework 6: Solutions Sid Banerjee Problem 1: (The Flajolet-Martin Counter) ORIE 4520: Stochastics at Scale Fall 2015
Problem 1: (The Flajolet-Martin Counter) In class (and in the prelim!), we looked at an idealized algorithm for finding the number of distinct elements in a stream, where we sampled uniform random variables
More informationabstract 1. Introduction
THE DYNAMICS OF POWER LAWS: FITNESS AND AGING IN PREFERENTIAL ATTACHMENT TREES Alessandro Garavaglia a,1, Remco van der Hofstad a,2, and Gerhard Woeginger b,3 a Department of Mathematics and Computer Science,
More informationTHE STANDARD ADDITIVE COALESCENT 1. By David Aldous and Jim Pitman University of California, Berkeley
The Annals of Probability 1998, Vol. 6, No. 4, 1703 176 THE STANDARD ADDITIVE COALESCENT 1 By David Aldous and Jim Pitman University of California, Berkeley Regard an element of the set { = x 1 x x 1 x
More informationA stochastic model for the mitochondrial Eve
K. Lachhab A stochastic model for the mitochondrial Eve Bachelorthesis Supervisor: dr. M.O. Heydenreich 4 August 2014 Mathematical Institute of Leiden University Abstract The existence of the most recent
More informationMathematical Methods for Neurosciences. ENS - Master MVA Paris 6 - Master Maths-Bio ( )
Mathematical Methods for Neurosciences. ENS - Master MVA Paris 6 - Master Maths-Bio (2014-2015) Etienne Tanré - Olivier Faugeras INRIA - Team Tosca October 22nd, 2014 E. Tanré (INRIA - Team Tosca) Mathematical
More informationAsymptotic Genealogy of a Branching Process and a Model of Macroevolution. Lea Popovic. Hon.B.Sc. (University of Toronto) 1997
Asymptotic Genealogy of a Branching Process and a Model of Macroevolution by Lea Popovic Hon.B.Sc. (University of Toronto) 1997 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for
More informationContinuous-Time Markov Chain
Continuous-Time Markov Chain Consider the process {X(t),t 0} with state space {0, 1, 2,...}. The process {X(t),t 0} is a continuous-time Markov chain if for all s, t 0 and nonnegative integers i, j, x(u),
More informationConvergence exponentielle uniforme vers la distribution quasi-stationnaire en dynamique des populations
Convergence exponentielle uniforme vers la distribution quasi-stationnaire en dynamique des populations Nicolas Champagnat, Denis Villemonais Colloque Franco-Maghrébin d Analyse Stochastique, Nice, 25/11/2015
More informationarxiv: v1 [math.pr] 6 Mar 2018
Trees within trees: Simple nested coalescents arxiv:1803.02133v1 [math.pr] 6 Mar 2018 March 7, 2018 Airam Blancas Benítez 1, Jean-Jil Duchamps 2,3, Amaury Lambert 2,3, Arno Siri-Jégousse 4 1 Institut für
More informationMandelbrot s cascade in a Random Environment
Mandelbrot s cascade in a Random Environment A joint work with Chunmao Huang (Ecole Polytechnique) and Xingang Liang (Beijing Business and Technology Univ) Université de Bretagne-Sud (Univ South Brittany)
More information